Abstract

Virüsler ile konakları arasındaki bağlantılar karmaşıktır ve “kodivergens (birlikte ıraksama)”, “değişim” ve “patojenin çoğaltılması” gibi farklı evrimsel olayların herhangi bir kombinasyonundan kaynaklanabilir. Mikovirüsler, özel olarak mantar konaklarını enfekte eden, çeşitlilik gösteren bir virüs grubudur ve benzer evrimsel süreçlere tabidir. Bu çalışmada, Tuber excavatum mitovirüsü olarak bilinen ve resmi olarak Triamitovirus tuex1 olarak adlandırılan bir mitovirüsün ikinci izolatının tanımlanması ve tüm genom nitelemesi sunulmaktadır. Bu mikovirüs, hipogean, ektomikorizal mantar Tuber excavatum Vittad.'ı enfekte eder. Sırasıyla Türkiye ve Almanya'dan toplanan Tekirdağ (bizim tarafımızdan tanımlanan) ve Lammspringe Triamitovirus tuex1 izolatlarının her ikisi de, T. excavatum meyvelerinde tanımlandı. Karşılaştırmalı genom analizleri, her iki virüs izolatının da tüm genomlarında %85,33'lük bir dizi benzerliği paylaştığını ve RNA bağımlı RNA polimeraz (RdRp) alanını (domain) içeren proteinlerinin %94,60'lık bir benzerlik oranına sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Viral genomların en çok farklılık gösteren kısmının %78,53'lük bir dizi benzerliği gösteren 5' translasyonu yapılmayan bölgeler (UTR’ler) olduğu, 3' UTR’lerin ise %91,53'lük bir dizi benzerliği ile en çok korunmuş kısımlar olduğu bulunmuştur. Konak türlerin ortak olması göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu Triamitovirus tuex1 izolatlarının ortaya çıkışları, adaptif radyasyondan kaynaklanan bir çoğaltma modelini (konak-içi çeşitlenmesi) yansıtıyor gibi görünmektedir.

Molecular characterization and comparative genomic analysis of two triamitovirus isolates hosted by the hypogean fungus Tuber excavatum Vittad.

Abstract

The connections between viruses and their hosts are complex and can arise from any combination of different evolutionary events including “codivergence”, “switching”, and “duplication” of the pathogen. Mycoviruses, a diverse virus group whose members specifically infect fungal hosts, are subject to similar evolutionary processes. In this study, we present the identification and complete genome characterization of the second isolate of a mitovirus, commonly known as Tuber excavatum mitovirus, officially named Triamitovirus tuex1. This mycovirus infects the hypogean, ectomyrrhizal fungus Tuber excavatum Vittad.. Both Triamitovirus tuex1 isolates, Tekirdağ (identified by us) and Lammspringe, were found in the fruiting bodies of T. excavatum isolates collected from Türkiye and Germany, respectively. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the two virus isolates share 85.33% sequence similarity in their whole genomes, with their protein encompassing RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain showing an identity rate of 94.60%. The most diverse part of the viral genomes was found to be the 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs), with a sequence similarity of 78.53%, while the 3’ UTRs were the most conserved, with 91.53% sequence similarity. Considering the shared host species, the emergence of these Triamitovirus tuex1 isolates appears to reflect a duplication pattern (intra-host divergence) resulting from adaptive radiation.

Keywords

• Mycovirus
• Mitovirus
• Virus evolution
• Truffle
• Tuber excavatum

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