CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF PLUM FRUITS

Year 2014, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 31 - 35, 01.08.2015

Valentina Bozhkova

Abstract

Plum fruits (Prunus domestica L.) have long been known as food for people since ancient times. They are consumed fresh, dried or processed. The increasing consumers’ demand for quality of fruit is a relevant reason to present information about the differences in the chemical composition and the sensory characteristics between the widely spread and newly studied plum cultivars. The present study was carried out in the period 2009 - 2012 at the Fruit-Growing Institute – Plovdiv, Bulgaria on 12 plum cultivars. The results of chemical composition analysis showed that the fruits of ‘Jojo’, ‘Topking’, ‘Topfive’ and ‘Mirabelle de Nancy’ have a total soluble solid above 20 0Brix. The highest sugar content was found in the fruits of ‘Jojo’. Fruits of ‘Pacific’ have the highest titratable acids content (1.28%) compared to the other cultivars. The highest vitamin C content (11.92 mg/100 g) was determined in the fruits of ‘Stanley’ cultivar. According to the sensory data, fruits of the cultivars ‘Bellamira’, ‘President’ and ‘Tuleu Timpuriu’ were grouped as the most delicious fruits and were regarded as suitable for fresh consumption. The general sensory evaluation showed that the fruits of ‘Bellamira’, ‘Haganta’, ‘President’ and ‘Tuleu Timpuriu’ are excellent in quality and they could be recommended to consumers and traders.

Keywords

Prunus domestica L., chemical composition, fruit sensory evaluation

Erik Meyvelerinin Kimyasal Kompozisyonu ve Duyusal Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Erik meyvelerinin antik zamanlardan bu yana insanlar tarafından bir besin olarak kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Erik taze kurutulmuş ya da işlenmiş olarak tüketilmektedir. Tüketicilerin kaliteli meyve konusundaki artan talepleri geniş kitlelerce bilinen ve üzerinde yeni yeni çalışmalar yapılmakta olan erik çeşitlerinin kimyasal kompozisyonları ve duyusal özelliklerinin belirlenmesindeki etkili bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışma 2009-2012 yılları arasında Plovdiv Meyve Yetiştirme Enstitüsü’nde 12 erik çeşidi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kimyasal kompozisyon analizlerinin sonuçları ‘Jojo’, ‘Topking’, ‘Topfive’ ve ‘Mirabelle de Nancy’ çeşitlerinin 20 0Brix üzerinde bir toplam çözünebilir katı maddeye sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. En yüksek şeker oranı ‘Jojo’ meyvelerinde bulunurken, ‘Pacific’ meyvelerinin en yüksek titre edilebilir asitlik değerine (%1.28) sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek vitamin C içeriği ise (11.92 mg/100 g) ‘Stanley’ çeşidinin meyvelerinde bulunmuştur. Duyusal değerlendirme verilen göre, ‘Bellamira’, ‘President’ ve ‘Tuleu Timpuriu’ çeşitleri en lezzetliler olarak gruplandırılmışlar ve taze tütekime uygun olarak ele alınmışlardır. Genel duyusal değerlendirmeler de ‘Bellamira’, ‘Haganta’, ‘President’ ve ‘Tuleu Timpuriu’ meyvelerinin çok iyi kalitede olduklarını göstermiştir ve tüketicilere ve tüccarlara önerilebilirler

Keywords

Prunus domestica L., kimyasal kompozisyon, meyve duyusal değerlendirmesi

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