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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2147-3374</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2602-280X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Hacettepe Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33417/tsh.1771426</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Social Program Evaluation</subject>
                                                            <subject>Social Work (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Sosyal Program Değerlendirmesi</subject>
                                                            <subject>Sosyal Hizmetler (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Refakatsiz Çocuk Olma Deneyimi Yaşamış Mülteci Gençlerin Göç ve Türkiye&#039;deki Kuruluş Bakımı Deneyimleri: Geçmişten Bugüne Bir Nitel Araştırma</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Migration and Institutional Care Experiences of Refugee Youth with a History of Being Unaccompanied Minors in Türkiye: A Retrospective Phenomenology</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3263-2726</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Tunç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serap</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Hacettepe Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4817-9981</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Karataş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kasım</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Hacettepe Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260430">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>37</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>427</fpage>
                                        <lpage>462</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250824">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>24</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260113">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2000, Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2000</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Bu çalışma, Türkiye’ye ebeveynleri veya bakım verenleri olmadan göç etmiş ve 18 yaşını doldurarak kuruluş bakımından ayrılmış olan gençlerin (19-27 yaş), çocukluk dönemlerindeki göç süreci ve kuruluş bakımı deneyimlerini geriye dönük anlatılar ile anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle ve fenomenolojik desenle yürütülen çalışmada, 17 katılımcıyla derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, kuruluş bakımı öncesi ve kuruluş bakımındaki süreç olmak üzere iki ana tema altında analiz edilmiştir. Kuruluş bakımı öncesinde, göç kararının savaş ve yoksulluk ekseninde şekillendiği, yolculuğun ise şiddet ve travmatik deneyimlerle geçtiği görülmüştür. Kuruluş bakımında ise, temel ihtiyaçlara erişim ve güvenlik olumlu değerlendirilse de personel tutumları, yaş tespitindeki hatalar, ayrımcılık ve hak temelli yaklaşımın eksik oluşu başlıca sorun alanları olarak öne çıkmıştır. Özellikle sunulan hizmetlerin bir haktan ziyade lütuf olarak algılanması ve 18 yaş ile koruma sisteminden ani kopuşun yaratmış olduğu “nominal” yetişkinlik durumu, gençleri güvencesiz bir geçiş sürecine itmektedir. Araştırma, bu doğrultuda bütüncül ve hak temelli sosyal hizmet politikalarının ve uygulamalarının iyileştirilmesi için kapsayıcı ve politikaların gerekliliğine işaret etmektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This study aims to understand the retrospective accounts of migration and institutional care experiences during childhood of youth (aged 19-27) who migrated to Türkiye without parents or caregivers and left institutional care upon turning 18. Conducted using a qualitative research method with a phenomenological design, the study involved in-depth interviews with 17 participants. The findings were analysed under two main themes: pre-institutional care and the process within institutional care. Regarding the pre-institutional care period, it was observed that migration decisions were shaped by war and poverty, while the journey was marked by violence and traumatic experiences. In terms of institutional care, although access to basic needs and safety were evaluated positively, staff attitudes, errors in age assessment, discrimination, and the lack of a rights-based approach emerged as major problem areas. In particular, the perception of services as &#039;charity&#039; rather than a &#039;right,&#039; combined with the state of &#039;nominal&#039; adulthood created by the abrupt detachment from the protection system at age 18, pushes youth into a precarious transition process.  Overall, the study underscores the need for inclusive, holistic, and rights-based social work policies and practices.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>refakatsiz göçmen çocuklar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  kuruluş bakımı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  çocuk koruma sistemi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sosyal hizmetler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  çocuk hakları</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                    
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>unaccompanied migrant children</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  institutional care</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  child protection system</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  social work</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  child rights</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
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