<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tüdad</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2651-5180</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59182/tudad.1861088</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>International Relations (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Uluslararası İlişkiler (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
                                    <trans-title>Региональная политика и геополитическое позиционирование Турции в контексте Второй карабахской войны (2020 г.)</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>TÜRKIYE’NIN BÖLGESEL POLITIKASI VE JEOPOLITIK KONUMLANMASI: İKINCI KARABAĞ SAVAŞI (2020) BAĞLAMINDA</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>TÜRKİYE’S REGIONAL POLICY AND GEOPOLITICAL POSITION IN THE CONTET OF THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR (2020)</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Şirinov</surname>
                                    <given-names>Elvin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260430">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>9</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>313</fpage>
                                        <lpage>322</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20260111">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260330">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>30</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
                            <p>В статье рассматриваются региональная политика и геополитическая роль Турции в контексте Второго карабахского конфликта 2020 года. Анализируются правовые и стратегические основы военного сотрудничества между Баку и Анкарой, в частности Соглашение о стратегическом партнерстве и взаимной помощи 2010 года. Особое внимание уделяется трансформации оборонного потенциала региона под влиянием новых военных технологий, включая применение беспилотных летательных аппаратов (БПЛА) и внедрение современных оперативных доктрин. В работе исследуется дипломатическая активность Турции, направленная на пересмотр роли международных посреднических структур и продвижение принципа региональной ответственности за безопасность в Закавказье. Автор анализирует изменение баланса сил в регионе, взаимодействие и конкуренцию ключевых акторов, а также влияние итогов конфликта на формирование новой архитектуры безопасности на Южном Кавказе.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu makale, Türkiye&#039;nin bölgesel politikasını ve 2020&#039;deki İkinci Karabağ Savaşı sırasında değişen jeopolitik rolünü inceliyor. Çalışma, özellikle 2010 Stratejik Ortaklık ve Karşılıklı Yardım Anlaşması&#039;na odaklanarak, Bakü ve Ankara arasındaki askeri işbirliğinin hukuki ve stratejik çerçevesini analiz ediyor. Ayrıca, insansız hava araçlarının (İHA) konuşlandırılması ve modern operasyonel doktrinlerin benimsenmesi de dahil olmak üzere gelişmiş askeri teknolojilerin entegrasyonu yoluyla bölgesel savunma kapasitelerinin dönüşümüne özel önem veriyor. Makale, ‘HAKİM’ Hava Komuta ve Kontrol Sistemi gibi stratejik projeler aracılığıyla iki ülke arasındaki ilişkilerin askeri bağımlılıktan teknolojik ortaklığa geçişini ayrıntılarıyla ele alıyor. Ege Denizi’nden Hazar Denizi&#039;ne uzanan bu yeni yapı, yazar tarafından ‘Jeostratejik Şemsiye’ olarak kavram¬sal¬laştırılıyor. Dahası, bu askeri koordinasyonun küresel ölçekteki ‘Orta Koridor’ projesi-nin güvenliğinin tek garantisi olduğu savunuluyor. Sonuç olarak, Orta Koridor, Şuşa Dekla¬rasyonu ile kurumsallaştırılan bu stratejik mimarinin, dış müdahaleye karşı güçlü bir caydırıcılık yaratarak Güney Kafkasya’da kalıcı barış ve istikrarın temelini attığı sonucuna varmaktadır. Dahası, araş¬tırma, Türkiye’nin uluslararası arabuluculuk yapılarının rollerini yeniden tanımlama ve Güney Kafkasya’da güvenlik için bölgesel sorumluluk ilkesini teşvik etme yönündeki diplomatik çabalarını inceleyerek, Türkiye&#039;nin bölgedeki aktif rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Yazar, Güney Kaf¬kasya bölgesindeki değişen güç dengesini, kilit bölgesel aktörler arasındaki dinamikleri ve çatış¬manın sonucunun Güney Kafkasya&#039;da yeni bir güvenlik mimarisinin gelişimine etkisini ve sonuçlarını değerlendirmektedir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>This article examines Turkey&#039;s regional policy and its changing geopolitical role during the Second Karabakh War in 2020. The study analyses the legal and strategic framework of military cooperation between Baku and Ankara, focusing particularly on the 2010 Strategic Partnership and Mutual Assistance Agreement. Furthermore, it places particular emphasis on the transformation of regional defense capabilities through the integration of advanced military technologies, including the deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and the adoption of modern operational doctrines. The article describes in details the transition of relations between the two countries from military dependence to technological partnership through strategic projects such as the ‘HAKİM’ Air Command and Control System. This new structure, stretching from the Aegean Sea to the Caspian Sea, is conceptualized by the author as a ‘Geostrategic Umbrella’. Furthermore, this argues that this military coordination is the only guarantee for the security of the global-scale ‘Middle Corridor’ project. Ultimately, the Middle Corridor concludes that this strategic architecture, institutionalized by the Shusha Declaration, has laid the foundation for lasting peace and stability in the South Caucasus by creating a strong deterrent against external intervention. Moreover, the research examines Turkey’s diplomatic efforts to redefine the roles of international mediation structures and to promote the principle of regional responsibility for security in the South Caucasus, emphasizing Turkey’s active role in the region. The author assesses the changing balance of power in the South Caucasus region, the dynamics among key regional actors, and the impact and consequences of the conflict’s outcome on the development of a new security architecture in the South Caucasus.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                    <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Karabakh</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Turkey</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Azerbaijan</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  South Caucasus geopolitics</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  military-technical cooperation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  balance of power</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  regional security</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
                                                    <kwd>Карабах</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Турция</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Азербайджан</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  геополитика Южного Кавказа</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  военно-техническое сотрудничество</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  БПЛА</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  баланс сил</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  региональная безопасность.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Karabağ</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Türkiye</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Azerbaycan</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Güney Kafkasya jeopolitiği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  askeri-teknik işbirliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  İHA&#039;lar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  güç dengesi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bölgesel güvenlik</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ASELSAN. (18 Temmuz 2021). HAKİM hava ihbar komuta kontrol sistemi. https://www.aselsan.com/tr/blog/detay/289/hakim-hava-ihbar-komuta-kontrol-sistemi</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Аvatkov, V. А. (2022). Turtsiya i Azerbaydzhan: odna natsiya – odno gosudarstvo? (2022). Mirovaya ekonomika i mejdunarodnyye otnoşeniya, 66(2), 90-100.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Avdaliani, E. (2020). Turkey’s Win-Win Strategy in the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict. BESA Center Perspectives. №. 1816.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Avrupa Konseyi Parlamenterler Meclisi (AKPM). (2005). 1416 (2005) Sayılı Karar: Azerbaycan topraklarının işgal altında olduğunu ve etnik temizlik yapıldığını belirten siyasi/hukuki belge.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bagayeva, A. V. ve Ternovaya, L. O. (2025). Pravovıye osnovı yevropeyskoy integratsii: uçebnik dlya vuzov. 2-ye izd. Yurayt.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bershidsky L. (2020). Drones Have Raised the Odds and Risks of Small Wars. Bloomberg Opinion.  November 30.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi. (1993). 822, 853, 874 ve 884 Sayılı Kararlar.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Boban, D., &amp; Blažević, I. (2023). The failure of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution: shortcomings of facilitative mediation or an unsuitable mediator? Politicka Misao: Croatian Political Science Review, 60(2), 69–92. https://doi.org/10.20901/pm.60.2.04</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cornell, S. E. (2011). Azerbaijan since independence. M.E. Sharpe.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">De Waal, T. (2010). The Karabakh trap: Dangers and dilemmas of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">De Waal, T. (2013). Black garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through peace and war. New.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Defence Turkey. (2021, yanvar). Kick-off meeting held for the Turkish Air Force’s HAKİM</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demir, H. (2025). Zengezur Koridoru’nun stratejik mimarisi. TEPAV. https://tepav.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/upload/files/1761401391520 0.Zengezur_Koridorunun_Stratejik_Mimarisi.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erarslan, F. (2021). Azerbaycan-Türkiye ilişkilerinde önemli bir kavşak: İkinci Karabağ Savaşı. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Dergisi. 129(255), 315–334.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erickson, E. J. (2021). 44-Day War in Nagorno-Karabakh – Turkish drone success or operational art? Military Review. 2021/47.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gatopoulos, A. (2020). The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is ushering in a new age of warfare. Al Jazeera. October 11.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Guzayerov, R. I. (2023). Voyenno-texniçeskoye sotrudniçestvo Turtsii i Azerbayjana: doroga k integratsii? Rossiya i novyıe gosudarstva Yevrazii. № 3, 55-67.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Human Rights Watch/Helsinki. (1994). Azerbaijan: Seven years of conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">International Crisis Group (2011). Armenia and Azerbaijan: Preventing war (Policy Briefing, Europe Briefing N°60).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kasapoğlu, C. (2020). Turkey transfers drone warfare capacity to ıts ally Azerbaijan. Eurasia Daily Monitor. Vol. 17 (144).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Keddie, P. (2020). What’s Turkey’s role in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict? Al Jazeera. October 30.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kramer, A. E. (2021). Armenia and Azerbaijan: what sparked war and will peace prevail? The New York Times. January 29.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lacoste,Y. (1976). La géographie, ça sert, d’abord, à faire la guerre. Maspero.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Libaridian, G. J. (2017). Modern Armenia: people, nation, state. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315124667</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Markedonov, S. M. (2018). Tridtsat let Nagorno-Karabaxskogo konflikta: osnovnyıe etapy i perspektivı uregulirovaniya. Postsovetskiye issledovaniya. № 2, 129-138.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Marston, J. &amp; Forrest, B. (2021). Armed low cost drones, made by Turkey, reshape battlefields and geopolitics. Wall Street Journal. June.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Middle East Monitor (2020).Turkey Ready to Support Azerbaijan in Conflict with Armenia, says FM. September 30 URL: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200930-turkey-ready-to-support-azerbaijan-in-conflict-with-armenia-says-fm/.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Milli Hava Komuta Kontrol Sistemi Ege’den Hazar’a havaya HAKİM. (2023) İstanbul Ticaret Gazetesi. URL: https://istanbulticaretgazetesi.com/milli-hava-komuta-kontrol-sistemi-egeden-hazara-havaya-hakim.
            project. Defence Turkey, (103). https://defenceturkey.com/en/articles/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Puxova, R. N. (pod red.) (2021). Burya na Kavkaze. Moskva: Tsentr analiza strategiy i texnologiy, 128 s.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rau, J. (2003). The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan: A brief historical outline. Verlag Dr. Köster.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2020). Press Release Regarding the Resolution Adopted by the French Senate. No: 300. Available at: https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-300_-fransa-senatosu-nun-yukari-karabag-ihtilafina-iliskin-karari-hk.en.mfa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Samojnev, A. (2025). U vyezzhayushchikh v SSHA pogranichniki naçali proveryat mobilnyıe telefony. Rossiyskaya gazeta. 31 marta.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sarkissian, S. (2007). Interview: Serzh Sarkissian, Prime Minister of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia, July 14, 2006 (Prepared by J. Sawyer). Caucasus Context, 4(1), 43–44.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Shahbazov, F. (2020). Tactical reasons behind military breakthrough in Karabakh conflict. Eurasia Daily Monitor. Vol. 17 (155).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SOCAR Annual Report 2020. URL: https://www.socar.com.tr/uploads/SOCAR_FAALIYET_RAPORU_2020_59_INGILIZCE_5.pdf.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ternovaya, L. O. &amp; Chapkin, N. S. (2025). Mezjunarodnıye otnosheniya v epoxu iskusstvennogo intellekta. Kultura mira. T. 13. 5(48), 153–162.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ternovaya, L. O. (2026). Geopolitiçeskaya limologiya: Uçebnik. INFRA-M.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Toksabay, E. (2020). Turkish arms sales to Azerbaijan surged before Nagorno-Karabakh fighting. Reuters. October 14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkiyə Respublikası ilə Azərbaycan Respublikası Arasında Strateji Tərəfdaşlıq və Qarşılıqlı Yardım Sazişi (2010). URL: https://e-qanun.az/framework/21158.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Voznesenskiy, I. S. (2022). Temporalnıy intellekt: ot sekreta ovladeniya vremenem k effektivnomu upravleniyu. Missiya konfessiy. T. 11. № 3 (60), 90–97.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yalçınkaya, H. (2021). Turkey’s Overlooked Role in the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War. https://www.gmfus.org/news/turkeys-overlooked-role-second-nagorno-karabakh-war</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yunusov, A. (2005). Karabakh: Past and present. Prizma.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
