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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tujas</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Turkish Journal of African Studies</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">3062-1909</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Sakarya Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>African Studies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Afrika Çalışmaları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Ottoman Sovereignty in Libya from 1835 to the Collapse: Why Did It Endure?</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>1835’ten Yıkılışa Kadar Libya’da Osmanlı Egemenliği: Neden Devam Etti?</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çakır</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sinem</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORTA DOĞU VE İSLAM ÜLKELERİ ARAŞTIRMALARI ENSTİTÜSÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260430">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>3</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>13</fpage>
                                        <lpage>27</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250913">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260331">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>31</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2024, Turkish Journal of African Studies</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Turkish Journal of African Studies</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In terms of Ottoman Empire, 19th century was a scene of rebellions and political separation however, in the Ottoman Libya administration was centralized and Ottoman identity adopted. While independence movements spread across the Balkan region, Ottoman sovereignty on Libya, further away from the Balkans, went on until the Italian occupation and relations continued until the collapse. During the Italian occupation Libyans resisted against it and sided with Ottomans. In this framework the aim of this article is to examine the regained sovereignty of Ottoman State in Libya and to analyze the reasons why Libyans sided with Ottomans during the Italian occupation, through Ottomans’ policy in Libya. This study explains the Libyans&#039; alignment with the Ottoman during the Italian occupation through the Ottoman identity constructed by the centralization policy, the Pan-Islamism strategy and Tanzimat reforms</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Osmanlı Devleti açısından 19. yüzyıl, Balkanlar’da isyanlara ve siyasi parçalanmalara; buraya kıyasla oldukça uzak coğrafyadaki bakiyesi Libya’da ise yönetimin merkezileşmesine ve Osmanlı kimliğinin gelişmesine sahne olmuştur. Osmanlı’nın asırlardır çok daha etkin olduğu yakın coğrafyasında bağımsızlık hareketleri çığ gibi büyürken, Libya’daki egemenliği İtalyan işgaline; Libya ile ilişkileri ise imparatorluğun yıkılışına dek devam etmiştir. İtalyan işgali boyunca Libyalılar Osmanlı safında yer almış ve işgale karşı direnmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, 1835-1911 yılları arasında yönetimin konsolide edilmesinden İtalyan işgaline değin imparatorluğun oldukça uzak bir coğrafyası olan Libya’da yeniden tesis ettiği egemenliğini ve İtalyan işgali süresince Libyalıların Osmanlı tarafında yer alma sebeplerini Osmanlı Devleti’nin Libya’da izlediği politikalar üzerinden incelemektir. Çalışmada Libyalıların İtalyan işgali süresince Osmanlı safında yer almaları, uygulanan merkezileşme siyaseti, İslam Birliği stratejisi ve Tanzimat reformları ile inşa edilen Osmanlı aidiyeti üzerinden açıklanmaktadır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Osmanlı-Libya İlişkileri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  II. Abdülhamid</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  İslam Birliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Libya Direnişi</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Ottoman Empire-Libya Relations</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Abdulhamid II</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Pan-Islamism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Libyan Resistance</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
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