ESSENTIALS OF A SUSTAINABLE LAND USE PLANNING APPROACH FOR RURAL AREAS AND A MODEL PROPOSAL TO BE APPLIED UNDER TURKISH CONDITIONS

Abstract

The Turkish planning system is lack of macro-scale spatial plans at national and regional levels as well as micro-scale land use plans at local levels for rural areas, which are to be produced pursuant to the Law No. 5403 on Soil Protection and Land Use Planning. Integration of land consolidation, irrigation and crop pattern projects with agricultural and rural development projects and land use planning initiatives is another issue which has to be associated with location decisions for agro-based industrial sites and zones in ensuring economy-ecology balance and fulfilling requirements of sustainability principle in development planning. Although the General Directorate for Agricultural Reform (TRGM) initiated preliminary activities for agricultural land use planning based on certain workshops organized in 2011; however, an obvious progress could not be achieved. Beside various reasons, the required projects by the Law No. 5403 found no chance to be launched yet, since agriculture-based land use planning asks for a teamwork cooperation among certain professionals such as agricultural economists, soil scientists, physical planners, surveyors, sociologists, economists, ecologists, etc. Lack of such interdisciplinary organizations have regretfully hindered production and implementation of such projects in Turkey, even at pilot dimensions. This study focuses on initiatives geared towards macro-scale land use plans for rural areas, expected benefits from rural land use planning attempts, essentials of sustainable land use plans for rural areas and concludes with an application model proposal.

Keywords

• Land Use Plan
• Agriculture-Based Land Use Planning
• Rural Development
• Macro Scale Spatial Plan
• Soil Threshold Analysis

References

1. B. Amler, D. Betke, H. Eger, C.Ehrich,A. Kohler, A. Kutter, A. von Lossau,U. Müller,S. Seidemann, R. Steurer,W. Zimmermann (1999), Land Use Planning Methods, Strategies and Tools, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Eschborn, Germany
2. Ceyhan, M. (2011) Provincial Director of Environment and Urbanization, Coordinator of Ergene Basin. Ergene Havzası Koruma Eylem Planı ve Yürütülen Çalışmalar, I. Kıyı Bölgelerinde Çevre Kirliliği ve Kontrolü Sempozyumu [Ergene Basin Conservation Action Plan and Activities, I. Environmental Pollution and Control in Coastal Areas Symposium],
3. Cay. T, Toklu. N, Esen.O., (2017), Evaluation of Land Reform Policies In Turkey International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 2 (2017): 61-67
4. EC-JRCLUP Guidance, Land Use Planning Guidelines (2006), in the Context of Article 12 of the Seveso II Directive 96/82/EC as Amended by Directive 105/2003/EC, FAO, Guidelines for Land-Use Planning,
5. FAO Development Series 1, ISSN 1020-0819, (1993), Rome, Italy
6. Edirne Special Provincial Administration, (2011). 1/25000 Scale Edirne İl ÇevreDüzeni Planı [Edirne Provincial Environmental Plan].
7. Ercan, O. (2015). Towards Effective Integration of Agricultural and Rural Development In Spatial Planning System Of Turkey As Based On Extended And Diversified “Bottom-Up” Initiatives; “Management of Agricultural Zones – Survey Engineer in the Centre of Sustainable Development and Distribution of Responsibility” Symposium, September 7, 2016, Beirut, Lebanon
8. Ercan, O., Dericioğlu, K.T. TRGM’ne Yapilan Sunumlar [presentations delivered for the GDAR] Ankara, (2013), a) Essentials of Land Use Planning, October 14, 2013. b) Agricultural Land Use Planning Methodological Approach and Explanations, October 21, 2013

9. Ercan, O. TRGM Toplantı Sunumları [presentations delivered for the GDAR] Ankara, (2016) a) Tarımsal Arazi Kullanım Planlaması Veri ve Metodolojisi [Agricultural Land Use Planning Data and Method], July 26, 2016. b) Tarımsal Arazi Kullanım Planlaması Uygulama Sistemi [Agricultural Land Use Planning Operation System], July 27, 2016.
10. Kırklareli Special Provincial Administration, (2011). 1/25 000 Scale Kırklareli İl Çevre Düzeni Planı [Kırklareli Provincial Environmental Plan]
11. Leppert, G., Hohfeld, H., Lech, M., Wencker. T., (2018), Impact, diffusion and scaling up of a comprehensive landuse planning approach in the Philippines, From Development Cooperation to National Policies, Evaluation Report, German Institute for Development Evaluation (DEval).
12. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Environmental Management. (2008). Meriç – Ergene Havzası Koruma Eylem Planı, [Meriç-Ergene Basin Conservation Action Plan],
13. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Environmental Management, Department of Water and Soil Management; Meriç-Ergene Havzası -Havza Koruma Eylem Planı [Meriç-Ergene Basin - Basin Protection Action Plan], accesed May 2012 at www.cygm.gov.tr, Ankara.
14. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, (2009). 1/100 000 Scale Trakya Alt Bölgesi Ergene Havzası Revizyon Çevre Planı [Thrace Subregion Ergene Basin Revision Environmental Plan).
15. Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, (2011). Ergene Havzası Koruma Eylem Planı kapsamında DSİ tarafından yapılacak çalışmalar [Works to be carried out by DSI within the scope of Ergene Basin Conservation Action Plan], 11th Regional Directorate, Edirne.
16. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2005). Edirne Tarım Master Planı. Edirne Tarım İl Müdürlüğü, İl Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınma Master Planlarının Hazırlanmasına Destek. [Edirne Agricultural Master Plan. Edirne Agriculture Provincial Directorate, Support to the Preparation of Provincial Agricultural and Rural Development Master Plans].
17. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2004). Tekirdağ Tarım Master Planı. Tekirdağ Tarım İl Müdürlüğü, İl Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınma Master Planlarının Hazırlanmasına Destek. [Tekirdag Agricultural Master Plan. Support to the Preparation of Provincial Agricultural and Rural Development Master Plans],
18. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2010) Kırsal Kalkınma Planı [Rural Development Plan] 2010 - 2013, Ankara.
19. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2007), TR 2 Batı Marmara Bölgesi Tarım Master Planı [Batı Marmara Bölgesi Tarım Master Planı [Agricultural Master Plan of West Marmara Region],
20. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2007), TR 4 Doğu Marmara Bölgesi Tarım Master Planı [Agricultural Master Plan of Eastern Marmara Region]
21. Project on the Establishment of Macro Framework for Agricultural Land Use Plans in Thracian Provinces and Ergene Basin (2012); TR Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Agricultural Reform, Ankara, Turkey
22. Tarım Reformu Genel Müdürlüğümde Arazi Kullanım Planlaması Çalışmaları [Agricultural Land Use Planning Works at GDAR] http://www.tarim.gov.tr/sgb/Belgeler/SagMenuVeriler/TRGM.pdf [accessed May 2017],
23. Tekirdag Special Provincial Administration, (2011), 1/25000 Ölçekli Tekirdag İli Çevre Düzeni Planı,
24. Thrace Development Agency, (2010), TR21 Trakya Bölgesel Planı 2010-2013.