Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Performance Evaluation of Two Row Animal Drawn Maize Planter with Fertilizer Applicator

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 153 - 166
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1487496

Abstract

In most parts of Ethiopia, planting of maize is done by hand, and it is a tedious, time consuming and less efficient operation. A two-row animal drawn that is cost-effective for farmers, easy to repair, and user friendly was developed and evaluated. The components of the prototype are seed hoppers, fertilizer hoppers, mainframe, seed metering plates, wheels, furrow openers and closers, seed discharge tubes, and handles. The majority of the parts were made of mild steel. In order to optimize the planter’s design, the physical properties of maize seeds were taken into account. The parameters used for evaluating the prototype’s performance were multiple index, miss-index, precision-index, feed-quality-index, field capacity, field efficiency, planting depth, plant population count, labour cost, and economy. A factorial design was used for the experiment (4x3x3). The result indicated that the percentage of mechanical seed damage, seed sphericity, and seed germination were 1.01±0.37%, 71.56±7.10% & 94.58±0.21, respectively. Performance results showed planter’s forward speed during operation had a significant effect on the seed’s multiple index, miss-index, feed-quality-index and precision-indexes (at p < 0.05). Average values of field capacity, field efficiency & depth of planting were 0.21 ha h-1, 86% and 4.61+0.30 cm, respectively. The performance evaluation results showed that Ethiopian farmers who grow maize would find the prototype planter simple to use, efficient, and economical.

Ethical Statement

This material is my own original research work. The paper is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. The paper reflects the authors' own research and analysis in a truthful and complete manner. The paper properly credits the meaningful contributions of co-authors and co-researchers. The results are appropriately placed in the context of prior and existing research. All sources used are properly disclosed (correct citation).

Supporting Institution

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR).

Project Number

MSc research

Thanks

I thank the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and all the staff who supported me throughout the research work.

References

  • Abebe F (2017). Performance of animal-drawn, ripper attached maize-cum-fertilizer planter. Ethiopian journal of Agricultural Science, 27(3): 9-19.
  • AIRIC (1998). Progress Reports. Adama, Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency (2018). Report on Area and Production of Major Crops. Agricultural Sample Survey 2017/18 (2010 E.C); Central Statistical Agency: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Volume 1.
  • Culpin C (1987). Farm machinery, 11th edition. Oxford, England.
  • Erenstein O, Jaleta M, Sonder K, Mottaleb K and Prasanna B (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications. Food Security, 14: 1295-1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01288-7
  • Ertuğrul Ö and Önal İ (2006). Çimlendirilmiş susam tohumu ekim tekniği. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 2(2), 125-131.
  • Ertuğrul Ö, Daher B, Özgünaltay Ertuğrul G and Mohtar R (2024). From Agricultural Waste to Energy: Assessing the Bioenergy Potential of South-Central Texas. Energies, 17(4): 802. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17040802
  • Fang X, Li Y, Nie J, Wang C, Huang K, Zhang Y, ... and Yi Z (2018). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Field Crops Research, 219: 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.001
  • FAOStat (2021). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Online database, FAO, Rome. http://www.fao.org/faostat
  • Gomez KA and Gomez AA (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd ed. John Willey & Sons, Inc. New York, USA.
  • Gupta CP and Herwanto T (1992). Design and development of a direct paddy seeder. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia. Africa and Latin America, 23(1): 23-27.
  • IFPRI (2010). International Food Policy Research Institute. Maize Value Chain Potential in Ethiopia: Constraints and opportunities for enhancing the system. Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
  • Kachman SD and Smith JA (1995). Alternative measures of accuracy in plant spacing for planters using single seed metering. Transaction of the ASAE, 38(2): 379-387. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27843
  • Kelemu F (2015). Agricultural Mechanization in Ethiopian: Experience, Status and Prospects. Ethiophia Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25: 45-60.
  • Kepner RA, Bainer R and Barger EL (1978). Principles of farm machinery, 3rd edition. Inc. AVI Publishing Company, Westport, USA.
  • Melesse T (2007). Conservation tillage implements for smallholder farmers in semi-arid Ethiopia. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Wageningen University. Netherland. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.026
  • MOARD (2010). Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Policy and Investment Framework (PIF), 2010-2020, Final Report. Addis Ababa: MOARD.
  • Mohsenin NN (1986). Physical properties of plant and animal materials, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York: 734. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003062325
  • Nielsen RL (1995). Planting forward speed effects on stand establishment and grain yield of corn. Journal of Production Agriculture, 8(3): 391-393. https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1995.0391
  • Nikolay Z, Nikolay K, Gao X, Li QW, Mi GP and Huang YX (2022). Design and testing of novel seed miss prevention system for single seed precision metering devices. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 198: 107048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107048
  • Oduma O, Ede JC and Igwe JE (2014). Development and performance evaluation of a manually operated Cow pea precision planter. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(12), 693- 699.
  • Ozgunaltay Ertugrul G, Ertugrul O and Degirmencioglu A (2019). Determination of agricultural mechanization level of Kirsehir province using geographical information systems (GIS). Comptes rendus de l’Académie bulgare des Sciences, 72, No 8. https://doi.org/10.7546/CRABS.2019.08.18
  • Önal İ and Ertuğrul Ö (2011). Seed flow and in-row seed distribution uniformity of the top delivery type fluted roller for onion, carrot and canola seeds. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17 : 10-23.
  • Paul M and wa Gĩthĩnji M (2017). Small farms, smaller plots: land size, fragmentation, and productivity in Ethiopia. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 45(4): 757-775. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2016.1278365
  • Rapsomanikis G (2015). The Economic Lives of Smallholder Farmers; An Analysis Based on Household Surveys; Food and Agriculture Organization: Rome, Italy. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3223.9440
  • Taffesse AS, Dorosh P, Gemessa SA (2013). Crop Production in Ethiopia: Regional Patterns and Trends. Food and Agriculture in Ethiophia: Progress and Policy Challenges, 97: 53-83.
  • Xiong D, Wu M, Xie W, Liu R, and Luo H (2021). Design and experimental study of the general mechanical pneumatic combined seed metering device. Applied Sciences, 11(16): 7223. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167223
Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 153 - 166
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1487496

Abstract

Project Number

MSc research

References

  • Abebe F (2017). Performance of animal-drawn, ripper attached maize-cum-fertilizer planter. Ethiopian journal of Agricultural Science, 27(3): 9-19.
  • AIRIC (1998). Progress Reports. Adama, Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency (2018). Report on Area and Production of Major Crops. Agricultural Sample Survey 2017/18 (2010 E.C); Central Statistical Agency: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Volume 1.
  • Culpin C (1987). Farm machinery, 11th edition. Oxford, England.
  • Erenstein O, Jaleta M, Sonder K, Mottaleb K and Prasanna B (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications. Food Security, 14: 1295-1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01288-7
  • Ertuğrul Ö and Önal İ (2006). Çimlendirilmiş susam tohumu ekim tekniği. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 2(2), 125-131.
  • Ertuğrul Ö, Daher B, Özgünaltay Ertuğrul G and Mohtar R (2024). From Agricultural Waste to Energy: Assessing the Bioenergy Potential of South-Central Texas. Energies, 17(4): 802. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17040802
  • Fang X, Li Y, Nie J, Wang C, Huang K, Zhang Y, ... and Yi Z (2018). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Field Crops Research, 219: 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.001
  • FAOStat (2021). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Online database, FAO, Rome. http://www.fao.org/faostat
  • Gomez KA and Gomez AA (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd ed. John Willey & Sons, Inc. New York, USA.
  • Gupta CP and Herwanto T (1992). Design and development of a direct paddy seeder. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia. Africa and Latin America, 23(1): 23-27.
  • IFPRI (2010). International Food Policy Research Institute. Maize Value Chain Potential in Ethiopia: Constraints and opportunities for enhancing the system. Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
  • Kachman SD and Smith JA (1995). Alternative measures of accuracy in plant spacing for planters using single seed metering. Transaction of the ASAE, 38(2): 379-387. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27843
  • Kelemu F (2015). Agricultural Mechanization in Ethiopian: Experience, Status and Prospects. Ethiophia Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25: 45-60.
  • Kepner RA, Bainer R and Barger EL (1978). Principles of farm machinery, 3rd edition. Inc. AVI Publishing Company, Westport, USA.
  • Melesse T (2007). Conservation tillage implements for smallholder farmers in semi-arid Ethiopia. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Wageningen University. Netherland. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.026
  • MOARD (2010). Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Policy and Investment Framework (PIF), 2010-2020, Final Report. Addis Ababa: MOARD.
  • Mohsenin NN (1986). Physical properties of plant and animal materials, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York: 734. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003062325
  • Nielsen RL (1995). Planting forward speed effects on stand establishment and grain yield of corn. Journal of Production Agriculture, 8(3): 391-393. https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1995.0391
  • Nikolay Z, Nikolay K, Gao X, Li QW, Mi GP and Huang YX (2022). Design and testing of novel seed miss prevention system for single seed precision metering devices. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 198: 107048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107048
  • Oduma O, Ede JC and Igwe JE (2014). Development and performance evaluation of a manually operated Cow pea precision planter. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(12), 693- 699.
  • Ozgunaltay Ertugrul G, Ertugrul O and Degirmencioglu A (2019). Determination of agricultural mechanization level of Kirsehir province using geographical information systems (GIS). Comptes rendus de l’Académie bulgare des Sciences, 72, No 8. https://doi.org/10.7546/CRABS.2019.08.18
  • Önal İ and Ertuğrul Ö (2011). Seed flow and in-row seed distribution uniformity of the top delivery type fluted roller for onion, carrot and canola seeds. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17 : 10-23.
  • Paul M and wa Gĩthĩnji M (2017). Small farms, smaller plots: land size, fragmentation, and productivity in Ethiopia. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 45(4): 757-775. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2016.1278365
  • Rapsomanikis G (2015). The Economic Lives of Smallholder Farmers; An Analysis Based on Household Surveys; Food and Agriculture Organization: Rome, Italy. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3223.9440
  • Taffesse AS, Dorosh P, Gemessa SA (2013). Crop Production in Ethiopia: Regional Patterns and Trends. Food and Agriculture in Ethiophia: Progress and Policy Challenges, 97: 53-83.
  • Xiong D, Wu M, Xie W, Liu R, and Luo H (2021). Design and experimental study of the general mechanical pneumatic combined seed metering device. Applied Sciences, 11(16): 7223. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167223
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Machine Systems
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Meseret Abebe 0000-0001-7658-3917

Project Number MSc research
Early Pub Date December 23, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date May 21, 2024
Acceptance Date October 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Abebe, M. (2024). Performance Evaluation of Two Row Animal Drawn Maize Planter with Fertilizer Applicator. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 5(2), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1487496

26831    32449  32450 32451 3245232453

International peer double-blind reviewed journal

The articles in the Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research are open access articles and the articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-4.0)(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en). This license allows third parties to share and adapt the content for non-commercial purposes with proper attribution to the original work. Please visit for more information this link https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 

Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research (TURKAGER) is indexed/abstracted in Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals (MIAR), EBSCO, CABI, Food Science & Technology Abstracts (FSTA), CAS Source Index (CASSI).

Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research (TURKAGER) does not charge any application, publication, or subscription fees.

Publisher: Ebubekir ALTUNTAŞ

For articles citations to the articles of the Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research (TURKAGER), please click: