Investigating the Biomethane Production Potential of Blends of Bovine Manure with Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.) and Sugar Beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) Foliage

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 219 - 231

Cevat Filikci , Tamer Marakoğlu

https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1540939

Abstract

The research aimed to evaluate the biomethane (CH4) content of biogas generated from various combinations of cattle waste (CW), three different varieties of Switchgrass (SG) (Panicum virgatum L.) plants (Kanlow (SG1), Shawne (SG2), Alamo (SG3), and sugar beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) leaves (BL). A laboratory-scale biomethane application setup was established to determine the biomethane potential. Three different experimental designs were implemented as the 1st application group, 2nd application group, and 3rd application group within the research framework. Biogas produced in the setup was stored using valves and balloons under optimal storage conditions. The Optima Biogas - Portable Biogas Analyzer device was employed to analyze the biomethane content of biogas samples from the materials and mixtures in the application groups. Biogas values were recorded, and glass reactor-specific methane production values were calculated. The highest glass reactor-specific methane production value was found to be 7.28 m3CH4 m-3 Reactor day in the CW (50%)-SG (20%)-BL (30%) mixture. The components of the biogas produced from the treatment groups were identified, and the highest CH4 (biomethane) yield was obtained from BL (beet leaves) at 58.86% in materials and from the CW-BL mixture at 53.76% in mixtures. Biomethane yields of the materials in other mixtures ranged from 53.42% to 43.12%.

Keywords

Biomethane, Biogas, Switchgrass, Sugar Beet Leaf, Biomass

References

• Anonymous (2023). Beet Production, TUIK Data. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
• Avcıoğlu AO (2011). Renewable energies of agricultural origin: biofuels, Nobel Academic Publishing, p.
• Ayhan A (2013). A research on determining the amount of biogas that can be produced by mesophilic fermentation from cattle manure and corn silage at different mixing ratios, Doctoral dissertation, Bursa Uludag University (Turkey),28740461.
• Christian D and Elbersen H (1998). Prospects of using Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) as a biomass energy crop. N. ElBassam (ed.), 257-263.
• Durgut FT (2020). Fabrication of a prototype biogas reactor for experimental purposes and evaluation of its performance in different biomass mixtures and media.
• Eser V, Sarsu F and Altunkaya M (2007). Current status and future of plants used in biofuel production. Biofuels and Biofuel Technologies Symposium, 51, 61.
• Filikci C (2018). Determination of mechanization characteristics in Switchgrass cultivation, Institute of Science and Technology.
• Jin G, Bierma T and Walker P (2012). Biogas production from switchgrass under experimental conditions simulating US digester operations. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 47(3): 470-478. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2012.646150
• Liew LN, Shi J and Li Y (2012). Methane production from solid-state anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass. Biomass and Bioenergy, 46: 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.09.014
• Nagamani B and Ramasamy K (1999). Biogas production technology: an Indian perspective. Current Science, 44-55. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24102913
• Onursal E (2016). Optimization and economic analysis of effective factors in biogas production from rose processing wastes. Süleyman Demirel University Institute of Science and Technology Doctoral dissertation.
• Pospišil M, Mustapić Z, Pospišil A, Tot I and Salaj M (1999). Ispitivanje gospodarskih svojstava novih hibrida šećerne repe. Sjemenarstvo, 16(5): 403-413. https://hrcak.srce.hr/168112
• Pospišil M, Pospišil A, Mustapić Z, Butorac J, Tot I and Žeravica A (2006). Proizvodne vrijednosti istraživanih hibrida šećerne repe. Poljoprivreda, 12(1): 16-21. https://hrcak.srce.hr/5567
• Samson RA and Omielan JA (1992). Switchgrass: A potential biomass energy crop for ethanol production. The Thirteenth North American Prairie conference, Windsor, Ontario.
• Sanderson MA, Reed R, McLaughlin S, Wullschleger SD, Conger BV, Parrish D, Wolf D, Taliaferro C, Hopkins A and Ocumpaugh W (1996). Switchgrass as a sustainable bioenergy crop. Bioresource Technology, 56(1): 83-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(95)00176-X
• Šarapatka B (1993). A study of biogas production during anaerobic fermentation of farmyard manure. Biomass and Bioenergy, 5(5): 387-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(93)90018-Y
• Sheets JP, Ge X and Li Y (2015). Effect of limited air exposure and comparative performance between thermophilic and mesophilic solid-state anaerobic digestion of switchgrass. Bioresource technology, 180: 296-303.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.011
• Soylu S, Sade B, Öğüt H, Akınerdem F, Babaoğlu M, Ada R, Eryılmaz T, Öztürk Ö and Oğuz H (2010). Investigation of cultivation possibilities of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as an alternative biofuel and silage crop for Turkey. TÜBİTAK, TOVAG-107 O, 161.
• Szakál P, Schmidt R, Lesny J, Kalocsai R and Barkóczi M (2007). Quality parameters of wheat. Bio ethanol versus bread? Cereal Research Communications, 35: 1137-1140. https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.35.2007.2.243
• Ungai D and Győri Z (2007). Possibility of increasing sugar yield by foliar treatments for crop production sustainability. Cereal Research Communications, 35: 1241-1244. https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.35.2007.2.269
• Von Mitzlaff K (1988). Engines for biogas. Deutsche Zentrum fur Entwicklungstechnologien.
• Yaldız O (2004). Biogas Technologies Textbook.