Mixed structured physical exercise program for obese workers: combating sedentary and metabolic risk factors related to metabolism workplace syndrome

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 89 - 91, 30.06.2019

Godefroid Kusuayi Mabele , Constant Nkiama Ekisawa Betty Miangindula Christophe Delecluse François Lepira Bompeka Pierre Akilimali

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.552955

Cited By: 3

Abstract

To develop a program of
high volume physical exercises, of moderate to high intensity, adapted to the
working context of Kinshasa. In a trial study of structured, spontaneous and
mixed physical exercise programs associated with nutrition education, lasting 3
months, from November 7 to January 7, 2014. 30 obese sedentary workers 44 ± 844
± 8.6 on average, year-olds were
randomly selected from 157 obese individuals out of a general population of 400
employees in the personal list of the selected company. These workers were
divided into three groups of physical exercises, of which the first group
consisted of 10 workers in a three-day, moderate to high intensity structured
exercise program, including: jogging, aerobics, basketball, volleyball,
swimming, abdominals and walking of 10,000 steps a day. The second group was
also composed of 10 workers undergoing a spontaneous exercise program of the
same duration, intensity and frequency including: walk, up and down the stairs
and finally the third group composed and then the third group of 10 workers
submitted to a mixed exercise program (the mixture of the two programs).
Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The ANOVA
test was used to compare the variables of two groups. A value of p-value ≤ 0.05
was considered a threshold of statistical significance. Decreased weight, waist
circumference and body mass index were observed intra group before and after
exercise programs. After the intervention, the group subjected to the mixed
exercises improved more significantly (p = 0.0001) the morphological parameters
of the obese than the group subjected to the structured and spontaneous
exercises with diet. A moderate to high intensity, high volume mixed exercise
program significantly improves the morphology of obese sedentary workers
compared to the structured and spontaneous exercise program. It can be
considered as an effective non-pharmacological strategy to combat the
nutritional and epidemiological transition in the workplace, where obesity is
the main cornerstone.

Keywords

Mixed exercises, nutrition education, spontaneous exercise, structured exercises

References

• Adams SO, Grady KE, Wolk CH, Mukaida C. Weight loss: a comparison of group and individual interventions. J Am Diet Assoc, 1986; 86: 485-490.
• Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. The metabolic syndrome--a new worldwide definition. Lancet, 2005; 366: 1059-1062.
• Alexander CM, Landsman PB, Teutsch SM, Haffner SM. NCEP-defined metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and prevalence of coronary heart disease among NHANES III participants age 50 years and older. Diabetes, 2003; 52: 1210-1214.
• Bauman A, Miller Y. The public health potential of health enhancing physical activity. In: oja P, Borns J., eds. Health-enhancing physical activity. International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education, 2004.
• Borg G. Borg's Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales: Human Kinetics; 1. Edition, 1998: pp. 369.
• Bucher HC, Hengstter P, Schindler C, Guyatt GH. Percutanous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus medical treatment for non-acute coronary heart disease meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 2000; 321: 73-77.
• Chakravarthy MV, Joyner MJ, Booth FW. An obligation for primary care physicians to prescribe physical activity to sedentary patients to reduce the risk of chronic health conditions. Mayo Clin Proc, 2002; 77(2): 165-173.
• Conway JM, Yanovski SZ, Avila NA, Hubbard VS. Visceral adipose tissue differences in black and white women. Am J Clin Nutr, 1995; 61: 765-71.
• Dekker JM. Girman C, Rhodes T, Nijpels G, Stehouwer CD, Bouter LM, Heine RJ. Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Hoorn Study. Circulation, 2005; 112: 666-673.
• Dietz WH. The role of lifestyle in health: the epidemiology and consequences of inactivity. Proc Nutr Soc, 1996; 55: 829-840.
• Fung TT, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Hu FB. Dietary patterns and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. Arch Intern Med, 2001; 16(1): 1857-62.
• Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, Gordon DJ, Krauss RM, Savage PJ, Smith SC Jr, Spertus JA, Costa F. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation, 2005; 112: 2735-2752.
• Han TS, Seidell JC, Currall JE, Morrison CE, Deurenberg P, Lean ME. The influence of height and age on wait circumferences as on index d’adiposity in adults. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 1997; 21: 83-89.
• Heyward V. Advanced fitness assessment and exercise prescription (Six th Edition ed.). US: Human Kjnetics, 2010.
• Hippocrates. On the articulations. The genuine works of Hippocrates. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2002; (400): 19-25.
• Jeffery RW, Wing RR, Sherwood NE, Tate DF. Physical activity and weight loss: does prescribing higher physical activity goals improve outcome? Am J Clin Nutr, 2003; 78: 684-9.
• Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med, 2002; 346: 393-403.
• Kramer FM, Jeffery RW, Forster JL, Snell MK. Long-term follow-up of behavioral treatment for obesity: patterns of weight regain among men and women. Int J Obes, 1989; 13: 123-36.
• McGuire MT, Wing RR, Klem ML, Lang W, Hill JO. What predicts weight regain in a group of successful weight losers? J Consult Clin Psychol, 1999b; 67: 177-85.
• McGuire MT et al. Behavioral strategies of individuals who have maintained long-term weight losses. Obes Res 1999a; 7:334-41.
• Miller WC, Koceja DM, Hamilton EJ. A meta - analysis of the past 25 years of weight loss research using diet, exercise or diet plus exercise intervention. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997; 21:941-7.
• National Institutes of Health Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. National Institutes of Health NIH Publication 1998; 98-9043.
• Pedersen BK, Saltin B. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports, 2006; 16 (1): 3-63.
• Poon PP, Zuck N, Plotnikoff R., Horne T. Work place Active Living in Alberta: A Needs Assessment. Edmonton: Alberta Community Development, 2000. Roberts CK, Barnard RJ. Effects of exercise and diet on chronic disease. Journal of Applied physiology, 2009; 93(3): 3-30.
• Ross R et al. Reduction in obesity and related comorbid conditions after diet-induced weight loss or exercise-induced weight loss in men: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133:92-103.
• Ross R, Janssen I. Physical activity, total and regional obesity: dose-response considerations. Med SCI Sports Exerc, 2001, 33(6): S521-S527.
• Scherr J, Wolfarth B, Christle JW, Pressler A, Wagenpfeil S and Halle M. Associations between Borg's rating of perceived exertion and physiological measures of exercise intensity. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013; 113: 147-155. 370.
• Slentz CA, Duscha BD, Johnson JL, Ketchum K, Aiken LB, Samsa GP, Houmard JA, Bales CW, Kraus WE. Effects of the amount of exercise on body weight, body composition, and measures of central obesity: STRRIDE-a randomized controlled study. Arch Intern Med, 2004; 164: 31-39.
• Stefanick ML, Mackey S, Sheehan M, Ellsworth N, Haskell WL, Wood PD. Effects of diet and exercise in men and postmenopausal women with low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med, 1998; 339(1): 12-20.
• Stunkard A, Mc Laren-Hume M. The results of treatment for obesity: a review of the literature and report of a series. AMA Arch Intern Med, 1959; 103: 79-85.
• Van GL. Obésité: Physiopathologie risques et traitement. Endocrinologie IX 1/Nutrition 1991: 1 : 18-32.
• Verori I. Inactivity as a disease risk and health benefits of increased physical activity. In: Oja P, Borms J, eds. Health-inhancing physical activity. International council of sport science and physical Education, 2004.
• Wing RR. Physical activity in the treatment of the adulthood overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31: S547-52.