Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 123 - 131, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1008780

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bemben, D. A., Fetters, N. L., Bemben, M. G., Nabavi, N., & Koh, E. T. (2000). Musculoskeletal responses to high- and low-intensity resistance training in early postmenopausal women. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32, 1949-1957.
  • Bompa, T. (1999). Periodization training for sports: Program for peak strength in 35 sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Bompa, T., Pasquale, M., & Cornacchia, L. (2002). Serious strength training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Brandenburg, J. & Docherty, D. (2006). The effect of training volume on the acute response and adaptations to resistance training. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 1, 108-121.
  • Brown, W. M., Davison, G. W., McClean, C.M., & Murphy, M. H. (2015). A systematic review of the acute effects of exercise on immune and inflammatory indices in untrained adults. Sports Medicine, 1, 35, 1-10.
  • Brown, L. E., & Weir, J. P. (2001). ASEP procedures recommendation, I: accurate assessment of muscular strength and power. JEPonline, 4(3), 1-21.
  • Campos, G. E., Luecke, T. J., Wendeln, H. K., Toma, K., Hagerman, F. C., Murray, T. F., Ragg, K. E., Ratamess, N. A., Kraemer, W. J., & Staron, R. S. (2002). Muscular adaptations in response to three different resistance-training regimens. Specificity of repetition maximum training zones. Eur J Appl Physiol, 88, 50–60.
  • Fish, D. E., Krabak, B. J., Johnson-Greene, D., & DeLateur, B. J. (2003). Optimal resistance training: Comparison of DeLorme with Oxford techniques. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 82(12), 903-909.
  • Fleck, S. J., & Kraemer, W. J. (2004). Designing Resistance Training Programs. Champaign, Il: Human Kinetics.
  • Forghani Ozrudi, M., Shob, S. F., & Aliabadi, S. R. (2014). Comparison of three methods of weight training to increase the power of the male students of Mazandaran University of Science and Technology. Int J Appl Exerc Physiol, 3 (1), 53-59.
  • Gaeini, A., Arazi, H., & Ismail, J. (2009). Comparision of two methods of weight training (pyramid and Oxford) on pectoral muscle strength in novice athletes. Harekat. 35 (1), 129-141.
  • Hoseini, Y., Mirzaei, B., & Arazi, H. (2016). Effect of four weeks of detraining after strength training with two different loading patterns on hormonal and physiological factors in young wrestlers. Exercise Physiology, 30 (2), 65-84.
  • Hoseini, Y., Mirzaei, B., & Nemati, G. H. (2012). The effect of strength training with two different loading pattern (double pyramid & reverse step loading) on some physiological capabilities wrestling's young. Exercise physiology, 16(4), 151-166.
  • Hoseino, F., Mohebbi, H., Rahmaninia, F., & Damirchi, A. (2012). Comparison of the effect of resistance training (flat and double pyramid pattern) on some physical fitness and anthropometric indices in young elite soccer players. Metabolism and Exercise Journal, 2(1), 73-82.
  • Kim, P. S., Mayhew, J. L., Peterson, D. F. (2002). A modified YMCA bench press test as a predictor of 1 repetition maximum bench press strength. J Strength Cond Res, 16, 440–445.
  • Kraemer, W. J., & Ratamess, N. A. (2004). Fundamentals of resistance training: Progression and exercise prescription. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 36(4), 674-688.
  • Kraemer, W.J, Ratamess, N. A., & French, D. N. (2002). Resistance training for health and performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 1, 165-171.
  • Lira, F. S., Panissa, V. L. G., Julio, U. F., & Franchini, E. (2015). Differences in metabolic and inflammatory responses in lower and upper body high-intensity intermittent exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 115, 1467–1474.
  • Mangine, G. T., Hoffman, J., Gonzalez, A., Townsend, J., & Wells, A. (2015). The effect of training volume and intensity on improvements in muscular strength and size in resistance-trained men. Physiological Reports, 3, 1-17.
  • Mirzaei B, Mehrabani J., Azizi M, Barjaste A. (2010). The effect of flat pyramid and skewed pyramid loading pattern on maximal strength, muscle mass and lower muscle power. Research in Sports Sciences, 8, 84-71.
  • Paulsen, G., Mykelstad, D., & Raastad, T. (2003). The influence of volume of exercise on early adaptations to strength training. J Strength Cond Res, 17, 115-120.
  • Rooney, K. J., Herbert, R. D., & Balnave, R. J. (1994). Fatigue contributes to the strength training stimulus. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 26, 1160–1164.
  • Rozenek, R., Funato, K., Kubo, J., Hoshikawa, M., & Matsuo, A. (2007). Physiological response to interval training sessions at velocities associated with VO2max. J Strength Cond Res, 21, 188-192.
  • Shimano, H., Shimano, T., Kraemer, W. J., Spiering ,B. A., Volek, J. S., Hatfield, D. L., Silvestre, R., Vingren, J. L., Fragala, M. S., Maresh, C. M., Fleck, S. J., Newton, R. U., Spreuwenberg, L. P., & Häkkinen, K. (2006), Relationship between the number of repetitions and selected percentage of 1Rm in trained and untrained men. J Strength Cond Res, 34, 1271-1275.

The effects of two loading patterns of resistance training (skewed pyramid & reverse step) on some physical and physiological capabilities of non-athlete men

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 123 - 131, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1008780

Öz

The present study aims to investigate the effects of two different loading patterns of resistance training (skewed pyramid & reverse step) on some physical and physiological capabilities of non-athlete men. For this purpose, 30 non-athlete men with a resistance training experience of less than six months are selected among volunteers and randomly assigned to control (n=10), reverse step loading (n=10), and skewed pyramid loading (n=10) groups. Their strength, speed, agility, explosive power, muscle volume, and body composition were measured before and after 10 weeks of training. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. Results show that in both groups of skewed pyramid and reverse step, the variables of strength, speed, agility, explosive power, and muscle volume have had a significant increase compared to the control group. Also, the body composition of the training groups significantly improved and fat percentage decreased (p˂0.05). However, there were more positive changes in thigh volume, lower body strength and body fat percentage in skewed pyramid compared to reverse step (p˂0.05). Generally, it seems that the skewed pyramid pattern has a higher importance and priority than the reverse step pattern in improving both physical and physiological factors, especially muscle strength and muscle volume development of non-athlete men.

Kaynakça

  • Bemben, D. A., Fetters, N. L., Bemben, M. G., Nabavi, N., & Koh, E. T. (2000). Musculoskeletal responses to high- and low-intensity resistance training in early postmenopausal women. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32, 1949-1957.
  • Bompa, T. (1999). Periodization training for sports: Program for peak strength in 35 sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Bompa, T., Pasquale, M., & Cornacchia, L. (2002). Serious strength training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Brandenburg, J. & Docherty, D. (2006). The effect of training volume on the acute response and adaptations to resistance training. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 1, 108-121.
  • Brown, W. M., Davison, G. W., McClean, C.M., & Murphy, M. H. (2015). A systematic review of the acute effects of exercise on immune and inflammatory indices in untrained adults. Sports Medicine, 1, 35, 1-10.
  • Brown, L. E., & Weir, J. P. (2001). ASEP procedures recommendation, I: accurate assessment of muscular strength and power. JEPonline, 4(3), 1-21.
  • Campos, G. E., Luecke, T. J., Wendeln, H. K., Toma, K., Hagerman, F. C., Murray, T. F., Ragg, K. E., Ratamess, N. A., Kraemer, W. J., & Staron, R. S. (2002). Muscular adaptations in response to three different resistance-training regimens. Specificity of repetition maximum training zones. Eur J Appl Physiol, 88, 50–60.
  • Fish, D. E., Krabak, B. J., Johnson-Greene, D., & DeLateur, B. J. (2003). Optimal resistance training: Comparison of DeLorme with Oxford techniques. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 82(12), 903-909.
  • Fleck, S. J., & Kraemer, W. J. (2004). Designing Resistance Training Programs. Champaign, Il: Human Kinetics.
  • Forghani Ozrudi, M., Shob, S. F., & Aliabadi, S. R. (2014). Comparison of three methods of weight training to increase the power of the male students of Mazandaran University of Science and Technology. Int J Appl Exerc Physiol, 3 (1), 53-59.
  • Gaeini, A., Arazi, H., & Ismail, J. (2009). Comparision of two methods of weight training (pyramid and Oxford) on pectoral muscle strength in novice athletes. Harekat. 35 (1), 129-141.
  • Hoseini, Y., Mirzaei, B., & Arazi, H. (2016). Effect of four weeks of detraining after strength training with two different loading patterns on hormonal and physiological factors in young wrestlers. Exercise Physiology, 30 (2), 65-84.
  • Hoseini, Y., Mirzaei, B., & Nemati, G. H. (2012). The effect of strength training with two different loading pattern (double pyramid & reverse step loading) on some physiological capabilities wrestling's young. Exercise physiology, 16(4), 151-166.
  • Hoseino, F., Mohebbi, H., Rahmaninia, F., & Damirchi, A. (2012). Comparison of the effect of resistance training (flat and double pyramid pattern) on some physical fitness and anthropometric indices in young elite soccer players. Metabolism and Exercise Journal, 2(1), 73-82.
  • Kim, P. S., Mayhew, J. L., Peterson, D. F. (2002). A modified YMCA bench press test as a predictor of 1 repetition maximum bench press strength. J Strength Cond Res, 16, 440–445.
  • Kraemer, W. J., & Ratamess, N. A. (2004). Fundamentals of resistance training: Progression and exercise prescription. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 36(4), 674-688.
  • Kraemer, W.J, Ratamess, N. A., & French, D. N. (2002). Resistance training for health and performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 1, 165-171.
  • Lira, F. S., Panissa, V. L. G., Julio, U. F., & Franchini, E. (2015). Differences in metabolic and inflammatory responses in lower and upper body high-intensity intermittent exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 115, 1467–1474.
  • Mangine, G. T., Hoffman, J., Gonzalez, A., Townsend, J., & Wells, A. (2015). The effect of training volume and intensity on improvements in muscular strength and size in resistance-trained men. Physiological Reports, 3, 1-17.
  • Mirzaei B, Mehrabani J., Azizi M, Barjaste A. (2010). The effect of flat pyramid and skewed pyramid loading pattern on maximal strength, muscle mass and lower muscle power. Research in Sports Sciences, 8, 84-71.
  • Paulsen, G., Mykelstad, D., & Raastad, T. (2003). The influence of volume of exercise on early adaptations to strength training. J Strength Cond Res, 17, 115-120.
  • Rooney, K. J., Herbert, R. D., & Balnave, R. J. (1994). Fatigue contributes to the strength training stimulus. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 26, 1160–1164.
  • Rozenek, R., Funato, K., Kubo, J., Hoshikawa, M., & Matsuo, A. (2007). Physiological response to interval training sessions at velocities associated with VO2max. J Strength Cond Res, 21, 188-192.
  • Shimano, H., Shimano, T., Kraemer, W. J., Spiering ,B. A., Volek, J. S., Hatfield, D. L., Silvestre, R., Vingren, J. L., Fragala, M. S., Maresh, C. M., Fleck, S. J., Newton, R. U., Spreuwenberg, L. P., & Häkkinen, K. (2006), Relationship between the number of repetitions and selected percentage of 1Rm in trained and untrained men. J Strength Cond Res, 34, 1271-1275.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Egzersiz Fizyolojisi
Bölüm Original Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ali Sayyah 0000-0002-5444-8033

Ehsan Asghari Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2753-6174

Hamid Arazi 0000-0002-1594-6515

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ekim 2021
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Sayyah, A., Asghari, E., & Arazi, H. (2021). The effects of two loading patterns of resistance training (skewed pyramid & reverse step) on some physical and physiological capabilities of non-athlete men. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 7(4), 123-131. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1008780

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