Research Article
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Children's orientation towards sporting events and sporting emotions

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 257 - 266
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1554060

Abstract

This paper investigated the relationship between middle school students' orientation towards sporting events and their level of sporting emotions. The sample consisted of 212 students from middle schools affiliated with the National Education in Gölbaşı District of Ankara, Türkiye, in the 2022-2023 academic year. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Consumer Orientation towards Sporting Events Scale (COSES), and the Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ). The results show that middle school students' search for anxiety reduction is associated with an increased orientation towards sporting events. There is a positive relationship between students' enjoyment scores and their sport involvement, suggesting that higher enjoyment scores are associated with greater sport involvement. Higher levels of anxiety are associated with higher levels of sport involvement. The increase in their excitement level has a positive effect on their orientation towards sporting events. An increase in their level of happiness has a positive effect on their orientation towards sporting events and thus on their emotions. The correlation matrix showed generally moderate and significant relationships between the scale scores. The psychological constructs of sporting emotions that influence performance in middle school students can be identified and analyzed. When students are aware of their emotions in sport, they are more likely to engage in practices that positively affect their performance. Researchers should conduct evaluations of students' sporting emotions using different psychological constructs to make significant contributions to the field. By exploring different perspectives and approaches, a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between sporting emotions and student outcomes can be achieved.

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the Ordu University of University Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee (Date: 06.10.2022 & No: 2022/182).

References

  • Ahmed, S. (2014). The cultural politics of emotions (Translated by Sultan Konut). İstanbul: Sel Publications.
  • Alemdağ, S. & Öncü, E. (2015). Investigation of preservice teachers' physical activity participation and social appearance anxiety. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 3, 287-300
  • Altınışık, Ü., & Çelik, A. (2022). Examining the relationship between leadership orientations and emotional intelligence levels of sports sciences faculty students. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 7(1), 225-236.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Scientific research methods. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Canan, F. & Ataoğlu, A. (2010). The effect of regular sports on anxiety, depression, and perception of problem-solving skills. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 11, 38-43.
  • Çevik, H., Şimşek, K. Y., Mercanoğlu, A. O. & Bayram, A. (2019). Turkish validity and reliability study of sports activity orientation scale. Journal of Sport and Performance Research, 10(2), 149-163.
  • Çiriş, V. & Başkonuş, T. (2021). Investigation of prospective teachers' orientation to sports activities according to some variables. Kilis 7 December University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 4(2), 141-155
  • Demirhan, G. (1995). The place of sports education in the development of the individual. Working Environment, 22, 40-43.
  • Ekeland, E., Heian, F. & Hagen, K.B. (2005). Can exercise improve self esteem in children and young people? A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Br J Sports Med, 39, 792-798.
  • Filiz, Z. (2010). Evaluation of sports participation in the socialization of university students. Nigde University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 4(3), 192-203.
  • Goh, A.T.C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R., Zhang, W., & Xiao, Y. (2017). Evaluating stability of underground entrytype excavations using multivariate adaptive regression splines and logistic regression. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 70, 148-154.
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13(5), 551-573.
  • Grusec, J. E., & Hastings, P. D. (2014). Handbook of socialization: Theory and research. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2015). Research Methods in Social Sciences. Istanbul: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Güvendi, B, Türksoy, A, Güçlü, M. & Konter, E. (2018). Investigation of courage levels and mental toughness of professional wrestlers. International Journal of Sports Exercise & Training Sciences, 4(2), 70-78.
  • Güvendi, B., Güçlü, M. & Türksoy Işım, A. (2020). Investigation of American football (protected football) players' levels of courage in sports and their mental endurance. Journal of Sport and Performance Research, 11(2), 132-140
  • Haase, A., Steptoe, A., Sallis, J. F., & Wardle, J. (2004). Leisure-time physical activity in university students from 23 countries: associations with health beliefs, risk awareness, and national economic development. Prev Med, 39(1), 182-190.
  • Hacıcaferoğlu, S., Hacıcaferoğlu, B., Kayhan, R. F., & Doğanay, G. (2017). Investigation of the effect of capoeira on socialization in terms of some variables. International Journal of Sports Exercise & Training Sciences, 3(4), 206–213.
  • Hirschman, E. C. (1984). Experience seeking: A subjectivist perspective of consumption. Journal of Business Research, 12, 115-136.
  • İslam, A. (2022). Professional football players' courage according to their psychological skills and mental endurance (1st Edition). Ankara: Nobel Scientific Works.
  • James, W. (1884). What is an emotion? Mind, 9(34), 188-205.
  • Jones, M. V., Lane, A. M., Bray, S. R., Uphill, M., Catlin, J. (2005). Development and validation of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 27(4), 407-431.
  • Karasar, N. (2008). Scientific research method. Ankara: Nobel Publication Distribution.
  • Kızmaz, M. (2004). Comparison of personality traits of individual and team sport athletes Unpublished Master's Thesis. Marmara University, Türkiye.
  • Korkmaz, F. & Çetinkaya, F. F. (2021). Examining the effect of personality traits on positive and negative emotions with structural equation modeling. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 23(3), 774-790.
  • Korkmaz, M., & Uslu, T. (2020). Researching relationships between socialization levels, social appearance anxiety and self-esteem of individuals who do fitness. Journal of Sport Education, 4(3), 1-18.
  • Leblanc, M. & Crowley, J. (1999). Adaptive regression splines in the Cox model. Biometrics, 55(1), 204-213.
  • Milborrow, S. (2023). earth: Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline Models (Version 5.3-2) [Software]. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. URL https://cran.r-project.org/package=earth
  • Myers, D. G. (2010). Emotion, stress, and healthy. In D. G. Myers (Ed.), Psychology (pp. 497-551). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Nicholson, M., Hoye, R. & Houlihan, B. (2011). Introduction. In M. Nicholson, R. Hoye, B. Houlihan (eds.), Participation in sport: International policy perspective. New York: Routledge
  • Özgüngör, S. (2018). Emotions. In Ş. Işık (Ed.), Introduction to psychology (pp. 155-217). Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Öztürk, H., Akın, A., & Damar, D. (2016). Determination of the effective reasons for parents to send their children to basketball schools. CBU Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11(1), 1-12.
  • Pekel, A. (2016). Investigation of the relationship between academic self-efficacy and university life quality of students studying in the department of sports management. (Unpublished Master's Thesis), Erciyes University, Türkiye.
  • Polat, E., & Yalçın, H. B. (2014). Validity and reliability study of Extrinsic Motivation Scale for Sports Spectators (EMSSS) and Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Sports Spectators (IMSSS). Journal of Human Sciences, 11(1), 105-127.
  • Pons, F., Mourali M, & Nyeck, S. (2006). Consumer orientation towards sporting events: Scale development and validation. Journal of Service Research, 8(3), 276-287.
  • R Core Team (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
  • Robazza, C., Bertollo, M., Ruiz, M. C., & Bortoli, L. (2016). Measuring psychobiosocial states in sport: Initial validation of a trait measure. Plos One, 11(12), e0167448.
  • Savaş, M. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between the use of imagery skills and sportive confidence levels of secondary school students participating in school sports Published Master's Thesis. Binali Yıldırım University, Türkiye.
  • Strongman, K. T. (2003). The psychology of emotion. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sznitman, S, & Engel-Yeger, B. (2017). Sensation seeking and adolescent alcohol use: Exploring the mediating role of unstructured socializing with peers. Alcohol Alcohol, 52(3), 396-401.
  • Toros, T., Ogras, E. B., Okan, ˙I., Temel, C., Keskin, M. T., Korkmaz, C., & Uluoz, E. (2023). Investigation the relationship between mental toughness and courage levels of sports sciences faculty students for sustainable performance. Sustainability, 15, 9406.
  • Turan, M. (2021). Investigation of the attitudes of Giresun Youth Sports Provincial Directorate Personnel towards sports activities. Atatürk University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 23(1), 29-42.
  • Urfa, O., & Aşçı, H. (2019). Sport emotion scale: Validity and reliability study. Spormetre the Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 17(4), 42-55.
  • Vatan, S. (2017). Roles of emotions and self-elaboration in psychopathological symptoms. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 9(1), 45-62.
  • Yalçın, İ. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between imagery and self-confidence in professional football players Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Sakarya University, Türkiye.
  • Yaşartürk, F., Akyüz, H., & Gönülateş, S. (2019). The investigation of the relationship between university students' levels of life quality and leisure satisfaction. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(3), 739-745.
  • Yıldız, Y. (2015). Investigation of socialization and happiness levels of university students who do and do not do sports Unpublished Master's Thesis. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Türkiye.
  • Yılmaz, A., Kırımoğlu, H, Arslanboğa, T., & Arslanboğa, R., (2019). Investigation of the attitude level of the employees of the provincial directorate of youth and sports towards the sportive activities of mentally disabled individuals (Bingöl provincial sample). Gaziantep University Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(3), 360-372.
  • Yılmaz, B. (2006). The effect of participation in nature sports on social integration Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Gazi University, Türkiye.
  • Yousaf, A., Bashir, M, & Amin, I. (2015). Youth motivations to watch sports in Indian context: exploring cross nationality and cross-gender differences. Management & Marketing, 10(4), 330-340.
  • Zorba, E. (2006). Body structure: Measurement methods and coping with obesity. Morpa Culture Publications.
Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 257 - 266
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1554060

Abstract

References

  • Ahmed, S. (2014). The cultural politics of emotions (Translated by Sultan Konut). İstanbul: Sel Publications.
  • Alemdağ, S. & Öncü, E. (2015). Investigation of preservice teachers' physical activity participation and social appearance anxiety. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 3, 287-300
  • Altınışık, Ü., & Çelik, A. (2022). Examining the relationship between leadership orientations and emotional intelligence levels of sports sciences faculty students. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 7(1), 225-236.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Scientific research methods. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Canan, F. & Ataoğlu, A. (2010). The effect of regular sports on anxiety, depression, and perception of problem-solving skills. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 11, 38-43.
  • Çevik, H., Şimşek, K. Y., Mercanoğlu, A. O. & Bayram, A. (2019). Turkish validity and reliability study of sports activity orientation scale. Journal of Sport and Performance Research, 10(2), 149-163.
  • Çiriş, V. & Başkonuş, T. (2021). Investigation of prospective teachers' orientation to sports activities according to some variables. Kilis 7 December University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 4(2), 141-155
  • Demirhan, G. (1995). The place of sports education in the development of the individual. Working Environment, 22, 40-43.
  • Ekeland, E., Heian, F. & Hagen, K.B. (2005). Can exercise improve self esteem in children and young people? A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Br J Sports Med, 39, 792-798.
  • Filiz, Z. (2010). Evaluation of sports participation in the socialization of university students. Nigde University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 4(3), 192-203.
  • Goh, A.T.C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R., Zhang, W., & Xiao, Y. (2017). Evaluating stability of underground entrytype excavations using multivariate adaptive regression splines and logistic regression. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 70, 148-154.
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13(5), 551-573.
  • Grusec, J. E., & Hastings, P. D. (2014). Handbook of socialization: Theory and research. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2015). Research Methods in Social Sciences. Istanbul: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Güvendi, B, Türksoy, A, Güçlü, M. & Konter, E. (2018). Investigation of courage levels and mental toughness of professional wrestlers. International Journal of Sports Exercise & Training Sciences, 4(2), 70-78.
  • Güvendi, B., Güçlü, M. & Türksoy Işım, A. (2020). Investigation of American football (protected football) players' levels of courage in sports and their mental endurance. Journal of Sport and Performance Research, 11(2), 132-140
  • Haase, A., Steptoe, A., Sallis, J. F., & Wardle, J. (2004). Leisure-time physical activity in university students from 23 countries: associations with health beliefs, risk awareness, and national economic development. Prev Med, 39(1), 182-190.
  • Hacıcaferoğlu, S., Hacıcaferoğlu, B., Kayhan, R. F., & Doğanay, G. (2017). Investigation of the effect of capoeira on socialization in terms of some variables. International Journal of Sports Exercise & Training Sciences, 3(4), 206–213.
  • Hirschman, E. C. (1984). Experience seeking: A subjectivist perspective of consumption. Journal of Business Research, 12, 115-136.
  • İslam, A. (2022). Professional football players' courage according to their psychological skills and mental endurance (1st Edition). Ankara: Nobel Scientific Works.
  • James, W. (1884). What is an emotion? Mind, 9(34), 188-205.
  • Jones, M. V., Lane, A. M., Bray, S. R., Uphill, M., Catlin, J. (2005). Development and validation of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 27(4), 407-431.
  • Karasar, N. (2008). Scientific research method. Ankara: Nobel Publication Distribution.
  • Kızmaz, M. (2004). Comparison of personality traits of individual and team sport athletes Unpublished Master's Thesis. Marmara University, Türkiye.
  • Korkmaz, F. & Çetinkaya, F. F. (2021). Examining the effect of personality traits on positive and negative emotions with structural equation modeling. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 23(3), 774-790.
  • Korkmaz, M., & Uslu, T. (2020). Researching relationships between socialization levels, social appearance anxiety and self-esteem of individuals who do fitness. Journal of Sport Education, 4(3), 1-18.
  • Leblanc, M. & Crowley, J. (1999). Adaptive regression splines in the Cox model. Biometrics, 55(1), 204-213.
  • Milborrow, S. (2023). earth: Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline Models (Version 5.3-2) [Software]. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. URL https://cran.r-project.org/package=earth
  • Myers, D. G. (2010). Emotion, stress, and healthy. In D. G. Myers (Ed.), Psychology (pp. 497-551). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Nicholson, M., Hoye, R. & Houlihan, B. (2011). Introduction. In M. Nicholson, R. Hoye, B. Houlihan (eds.), Participation in sport: International policy perspective. New York: Routledge
  • Özgüngör, S. (2018). Emotions. In Ş. Işık (Ed.), Introduction to psychology (pp. 155-217). Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Öztürk, H., Akın, A., & Damar, D. (2016). Determination of the effective reasons for parents to send their children to basketball schools. CBU Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11(1), 1-12.
  • Pekel, A. (2016). Investigation of the relationship between academic self-efficacy and university life quality of students studying in the department of sports management. (Unpublished Master's Thesis), Erciyes University, Türkiye.
  • Polat, E., & Yalçın, H. B. (2014). Validity and reliability study of Extrinsic Motivation Scale for Sports Spectators (EMSSS) and Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Sports Spectators (IMSSS). Journal of Human Sciences, 11(1), 105-127.
  • Pons, F., Mourali M, & Nyeck, S. (2006). Consumer orientation towards sporting events: Scale development and validation. Journal of Service Research, 8(3), 276-287.
  • R Core Team (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
  • Robazza, C., Bertollo, M., Ruiz, M. C., & Bortoli, L. (2016). Measuring psychobiosocial states in sport: Initial validation of a trait measure. Plos One, 11(12), e0167448.
  • Savaş, M. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between the use of imagery skills and sportive confidence levels of secondary school students participating in school sports Published Master's Thesis. Binali Yıldırım University, Türkiye.
  • Strongman, K. T. (2003). The psychology of emotion. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sznitman, S, & Engel-Yeger, B. (2017). Sensation seeking and adolescent alcohol use: Exploring the mediating role of unstructured socializing with peers. Alcohol Alcohol, 52(3), 396-401.
  • Toros, T., Ogras, E. B., Okan, ˙I., Temel, C., Keskin, M. T., Korkmaz, C., & Uluoz, E. (2023). Investigation the relationship between mental toughness and courage levels of sports sciences faculty students for sustainable performance. Sustainability, 15, 9406.
  • Turan, M. (2021). Investigation of the attitudes of Giresun Youth Sports Provincial Directorate Personnel towards sports activities. Atatürk University Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 23(1), 29-42.
  • Urfa, O., & Aşçı, H. (2019). Sport emotion scale: Validity and reliability study. Spormetre the Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 17(4), 42-55.
  • Vatan, S. (2017). Roles of emotions and self-elaboration in psychopathological symptoms. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 9(1), 45-62.
  • Yalçın, İ. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between imagery and self-confidence in professional football players Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Sakarya University, Türkiye.
  • Yaşartürk, F., Akyüz, H., & Gönülateş, S. (2019). The investigation of the relationship between university students' levels of life quality and leisure satisfaction. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(3), 739-745.
  • Yıldız, Y. (2015). Investigation of socialization and happiness levels of university students who do and do not do sports Unpublished Master's Thesis. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Türkiye.
  • Yılmaz, A., Kırımoğlu, H, Arslanboğa, T., & Arslanboğa, R., (2019). Investigation of the attitude level of the employees of the provincial directorate of youth and sports towards the sportive activities of mentally disabled individuals (Bingöl provincial sample). Gaziantep University Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(3), 360-372.
  • Yılmaz, B. (2006). The effect of participation in nature sports on social integration Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Gazi University, Türkiye.
  • Yousaf, A., Bashir, M, & Amin, I. (2015). Youth motivations to watch sports in Indian context: exploring cross nationality and cross-gender differences. Management & Marketing, 10(4), 330-340.
  • Zorba, E. (2006). Body structure: Measurement methods and coping with obesity. Morpa Culture Publications.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Exercise and Sports Psychology
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet İslam 0000-0001-6735-1583

Early Pub Date December 5, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date September 21, 2024
Acceptance Date November 27, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 4

Cite

APA İslam, A. (2024). Children’s orientation towards sporting events and sporting emotions. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 10(4), 257-266. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1554060

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