Changes in Rangeland Condition and Health of Palandoken Mountain Rangelands Over two Decades
Year 2021,
Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 37 - 43, 17.12.2021
Ali Koç
,
Ahmet Gökkuş
,
Mehmet Kerim Güllap
,
Halil İbrahim Erkovan
,
Mustafa Sürmen
Abstract
Rangeland plant communities respond to environmental changes depending on management practices, climate, topography, and time. The objective of the study was to determine the changes in abundancy of functional plant groups, range condition score, class, and health with different topographical characteristics between 1993 and 2013. Trends in the investigated characteristics changed depending on aspect and topography. While the abundancy of decreaser and increaser plants decreased, invader plant abundancy increased over two decades. Similarly, range condition score, class, and health also declined in this period. The changes in investigated properties showed uneven distribution among the sites due to uncontrolled grazing practices and site characteristics. The results indicated that range degradation has been continued under current grazing practices. Therefore sustainable range management strategies should be put urgently into practice for the conservation of natural resources in the highland hilly rangelands of Turkey.
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Year 2021,
Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 37 - 43, 17.12.2021
Ali Koç
,
Ahmet Gökkuş
,
Mehmet Kerim Güllap
,
Halil İbrahim Erkovan
,
Mustafa Sürmen
References
- Altın, M., A. Gökkuş, ve A. Koç. 2011. Çayır ve Mera Yönetimi. T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Üretim ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Anonymous. 1994. Rangeland Health: New Methods to Classify, Inventory, and Monitor Rangelands. Washington: National Academy Press.
- Amiri, F., A. Ariapour and S. Fadai. 2008. Effects of livestock grazing on vegetation composition and soil moisture properties in grazed and non-grazed range site. J. Biological Sci. 8, 1289-1297.
- Arnalds, O. and B.H. Barkarson. 2003. Soil erosion and land use policy in Iceland in relation to sheep grazing and government subsidies. Environmental Science and Policy. 6, 105-113.
- Beguin, J., D. Pothier and S.D. Cote. 2011. Deer browsing and soil disturbance induce cascading effects on plant communities: a multi-level path analysis. Ecological Applicat. 21, 439-451.
- Canfield, R. 1941. Application of line interception method in sampling range vegetation. J. Forestry 39, 388-394.
- Greenwood, K.L. and B.M. McKenzie. 2001. Grazing effects on soil physical properties and the consequences for pastures. A Review. Australian J. Experimental Agric. 41, 1231- 1250.
- Gullap, M.K., S. Severoglu, S. Erkovan, A. Koc and H.I. Erkovan. 2020. Ecological site description and rangeland health classification of the Kop and Palandoken Mountain rangeland. Atatürk University Journal of Agricultural Faculty 51, 145-150.
- Holechek, J.L., R.D. Pieper and C.H. Herbel. 2011. Range Management: Principles and Practices. Upper Saddle River, NY, USA: Prentice Hall.
- Koç, A. 1995. The effect of topography and soil climate on some properties of rangeland vegetation. PhD Thesis, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
- Koc, A. 2001. Autumn and spring drought periods effect vegetation on high elevation rangelands of Turkey. J. Range Manage. 54, 622-627.
- Koç, A., A. Gökkuş ve M. Altın, 2003. Mera durumu tespitinde dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılan yöntemlerin mukayesesi ve Türkiye için bir öneri. Türkiye 5. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Diyarbakır, Türkiye, 36-42.
- Koc, A., W.A. Schacht and H.I. Erkovan. 2014. The history and current direction of rangeland management in Turkey. Rangelands 37, 39-46.
- Koc, A., M.K. Gullap, M. Surmen and H.I. Erkovan 2020. Changes in some vegetation properties of the rangelands of the Palandoken Mountains, Erzurum, over two decades. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 44, 589-598.
- Marshall, J.K. 1973. Drought, land use and soil erosion. In: Environmental, Economic and Social Significance of Drought, ed. Lovett J.V., 55-77, Angus and Robertson Publishers, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia.
- Oztas, T., A. Koc and B. Comakli. 2003. Changes in vegetation and soil properties along a slope on overgrazed and eroded rangelands. J. Arid Environ. 55, 93-100.
- SAS Institute. 1998. Statistical Analysis System Institute: StatView Reference Manual. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute.
- Soil Survey Laboratory Staf. 1992. Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual. Soil Survey Investigations Report No: 42. Washington, DC, USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (USDA-SCS).
- Yunusbaev U.B., L.B. Musina and Y.T. Suyundukov. 2003. Dynamics of steppe vegetation under the effect of grazing by different farm animals. Russian J. Ecology. 34, 43-4.
- Zhang, C., Q. Dong, H. Chu, J. Shi, S. Li and et al. (2018). Grassland community composition response to grazing intensity under different grazing regimes. Rangeland Ecology and Manage. 71, 196-204.