Pliometrik Antrenmanların Üst Ekstremiteye Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 116 - 124, 30.12.2024

Bereket Köse , Necla Helvaci

https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1488646

Öz

Günümüzde insanların günlük aktivitelerini yerine getirmek veya atletik performansı geliştirmek için kas gücü ve kas dayanıklılığına ihtiyaçları vardır. Nöromüsküler ve kassal adaptasyonların gelişmesi performansın artması gibi durumları göz önünde bulunduran araştırmacılar birçok antrenman yöntemi üzerine yoğunlaşmışlardır. Bu antrenman programları arasında olan pliometrik antrenman; balistik hareketlerin uygulanmasında maksimal kuvvet ile gücü geliştirmekte etkili bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Alt ekstremitenin yanı sıra üst ekstremite ile yapılan antrenmanların üst vücut kuvvetini, gücünü, hareket hızını arttırdığı kanıtlanmıştır. Bu sistematik derleme ise üst ekstremite pliometrik antrenman uygulayan bireylerin ve sporcuların; kuvvet, güç, dayanıklılık, hareket sürati, fırlatma gibi özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Literatür taranırken Pub Med, Science Direct, Human Kinetics, Google Akademik, Web of Science veri tabanlarında İngilizce ve Türkçe olarak ‘‘Pliometric Training’’, ‘‘Upper Body Pliometric’’ ve ‘‘Pliometrik Antrenman’’, ‘’Pliometrik Nöromüsküler Adaptasyonlar’’, ‘’Üst Vücut Pliometrik’’olmak üzere anahtar kelimeler taranmıştır. Tarama sonuçları 2005-2024 yılları arasındaki çalışmalarla sınırlandırılmıştır. Sonuçlar üst ekstremite pliometrik antrenmanın fırlatma, vurma, kas kuvveti ve gücü, yapılan hareketin hızı alanlarında atletik performansı arttırdığını göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla üst ekstremite pliometrik antrenmanların sportif performansı arttırmak amacıyla antrenman sürecine dahil edilmesi sporcuların ve rekreatif spor yapan bireylerin fiziksel performansında olumlu yönde gelişim sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nöromüsküler Adaptasyonlar, Pliometrik Antrenman, Üst Ekstremite Pliometrik

Etik Beyan

Derleme Çalışması olduğundan etik kurul gerektirmez.

Destekleyen Kurum

Hiçbir kurum desteklememektedir

Effects of Plyometric Trainings on The Upper Extremity

Öz

People need to achieve muscular strength and muscle strength to carry out their daily activities or increase athletic performance. Considering events such as the development of the neuromuscular system and muscular adaptations and changes in performance have intensified many training programs. These training programs include plyometric training; It is considered an effective method for patients with ballistic movements and increasing maximum power. With this feature, especially as a plyometric-focused training program, it becomes a natural part of many sports branches. Because this type of training includes jumping, throwing, spreading, throwing, and focusing on speed. However, it has also been proven that plyometric training with the upper extremities increases upper body strength, power, movements and throwing power. Therefore, this systematic review will specifically apply upper extremity plyometric training and athletes will; It is aimed to examine the properties such as strength, power, muscle power, movement speed and throwing. While scanning the literature, ''Plyometric Training'', ''Plyometric Neuromuscular Adaptations'', ''Upper Body Plyometric'' and ''Plyometric Training'' were searched in English and Turkish in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Human Kinetics, Google Scholar, Web of Science databases, ''Plyometric Neuromuscular Adaptations'', ''Upper Body Plyometric'' were scanned. Screening results are limited to studies between 2005 and 2024. The results show that upper extremity plyometric training increases athletic performance in throwing, hitting, muscle strength and power, and speed of movement. In addition, positive improvements were achieved in the athletes' and recreational physical performance, including extremity plyometric training and sports performance training.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plyometric training, Neuromuscular adaptations, Upper body plyometrics

Kaynakça

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