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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
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<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ucbad</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2636-7483</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Zeynep Cansu AYTURAN</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Environmental Sciences</subject>
                                                            <subject>Environmental Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Çevre Bilimleri</subject>
                                                            <subject>Çevre Mühendisliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Plastik atıkların pirolizinden elde edilen sıvı ürünün ticari vaks yerine kullanılması</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Use of Liquid Product from the Pyrolyzing of Plastic Waste Instead of Commercial Wax</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-0980</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Yılmazbilek</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ece</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ESKİŞEHİR TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, LİSANSÜSTÜ EĞİTİM ENSTİTÜSÜ, ÇEVRE BİLİMLERİ (YL) (TEZLİ)</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20220531">
                    <day>05</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>5</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>18</fpage>
                                        <lpage>32</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20210808">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>08</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20211021">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>21</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Yapılan bu çalışma ile düşük yoğunluklu polietilen (LDPE) ve alüminyum içeren düşük yoğunluklu polietilen (C-LDPE)’nin farklı sıcaklıklarda pirolizi gerçekleştirilerek, piroliz sonucunda elde edilen sıvı ürünün ileriki çalışmalarda ticari vaks olarak farklı proseslerde kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, sıvı ürün numunelerine yoğunluk tayini, erime noktası tayini, karbon kalıntısı tayini ve viskozite tayini için reoloji ölçümü yapılmıştır. Daha sonra sıvı ürün numunelerinin içindeki farklı maddelerin tanımlanması için gaz kromatografisi ve kütle spektrometresinin özelliklerini birleştiren analitik bir yöntem olan GC-MS (Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analizi yapılmıştır.  Numunedeki elementler gaz kromatografisinde iyonlaştırıldıktan sonra  kütle spektroskopisine gönderilmiş ve burada kütle/yük oranlarına ayrılmışlardır, daha sonra gerekli ölçümler yapılmıştır. Yapılan deney sonuçlarına göre; LDPE ve C-LDPE plastik atıklarının pirolizinden elde edilen sıvı ürünün yoğunluk ve erime noktası tayini değerleri ticari vaksların yoğunluk ve erime noktası ile birebir uyumlu iken, viskozite değerlerinin ise ticari vakslardan daha düşük olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Numunelerin karbon kalıntısı değerlerinin de piyasadaki ticari vaksların karbon kalıntısı değerlerine yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir.  Sonuç olarak ileride yapılan çalışmalarda ticari vaksların  yerine  plastik atıkların pirolizinden elde edilen sıvı ürünün safsızlıklıkları giderildiği takdirde  kullanılabileceği anlaşılmıştır.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In this study, pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and aluminum-containing low-density polyethylene (C-LDPE) was carried out at different temperatures, and the use of the liquid product obtained because of pyrolysis in different processes as commercial wax in future studies was investigated. For this purpose, rheology measurement was performed for density determination, melting point determination, carbon residue determination and viscosity determination on liquid product samples. Then, GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis, which is an analytical method combining the features of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, was performed to identify different substances in liquid product samples. After the elements in the sample were ionized in gas chromatography, they were sent to mass spectroscopy, where they were separated into mass/charge ratios, then the necessary measurements were made. According to the test results, While the density and melting point determination values of the liquid product obtained from the pyrolysis of LDPE and C-LDPE plastic wastes were exactly compatible with the density and melting point of commercial waxes, it was observed that the viscosity values were lower than commercial waxes. It was determined that the carbon residue values of the samples were close to the carbon residue values of commercial waxes in the market. As a result, it has been understood in future studies that the liquid product obtained from the pyrolysis of plastic wastes can be used instead of commercial waxes if the impurities are removed.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>C-LDPE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  LDPE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Plastik atık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sıvı ürün</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Vaks</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>C-LDPE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  LDPE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Plastic waste</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Liquid product</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Wax</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans1  Williams, E.A. ve Williams, P. (1997). Analysis of Products Derived from the Fast Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 40-41, 347-363.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans2  Kiran., N., Ekinci. E. ve Snape., C., E. (2000). Recycling Plastic Waste via Pyroylsis, 29, 273-283.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans3 Bajus, M. ve Hájeková, E., (2010). Thermal Cracking of the Model Seven Components Mixed Plastics into Oils/Waxes. Petroleum &amp; Coal, 52(3), 164-172.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans4 Urbaniak, W., Wasiak W. ve Fall, J., (2007). Waxes – Products of Thermal Degradation of Waste Plastics–Obtaining, Capabilities, and Application. Archives of Waste Management and Environmental Protection, 6, 71-78.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans5  Krupa, I., Miková, G. ve Luyt, A. S. (2007). Phase Change Materials Based on Low-Density Polyethylene/Paraffin Wax Blends. European Polymer Journal, 43(11), 4695–4705.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans16  Himran, S. ve Mansoori, G.A., (1994). Characterization of Alkanes and Paraffin Waxes for Application as Phase Change Energy Storage Medium. Energy Sources, 16(1), 117-128.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans7  http-1, https://persiaparaffin.com/para-pedia/paraffin-waxes-in-paper-industry/ Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2021</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Referans8  Webber., G. V., (2000). Wax Characterization by Instrumental Analysis. University of Stellenbosch, Institute for Polymer Science Department of Chemistry, Master Thesis.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
