İşletme Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 2791-8866 Düzce Üniversitesi Economic Theory (Other) Ekonomi Teorisi (Diğer) The Chicken-Egg Problem and The Critical Mass Issue in Platform Economies With Success and Failure Examples Platform Ekonomilerinde Başarılı-Başarısız Örnekleriyle Tavuk-Yumurta Problemi ve Kritik Kitle Sorunu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-7355 Kar Mikail Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4544-7960 Arslan Esra Gül Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7664-6998 Altunal Aleyna İrem Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi 04 29 2026 6 1 48 63 11 03 2025 03 11 2026 Copyright © 2021, İşletme Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 2021 İşletme Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi

The aim of this study is to address the chicken-and-egg problem and the critical mass problem in platform economies, discuss solution strategies, and examine examples of successful and unsuccessful platforms within the context of these strategies. In the study, the chicken-egg problem and the critical mass issue were defined and examined in detail, and five basic strategies were proposed as solution suggestions. In the context of these strategies, four successful examples as Amazon, LinkedIn, Tripadvisor, and Airbnb and three failure examples as BlackBerry, MySpace, and Diners Club Kart were examined. As a result of the evaluations, solving the chicken-egg problem and reaching the critical mass and creating positive indirect network externalities that will ensure the self-sustaining growth of the platform have been put forward as the essence of success in platform economies. At this point, success requires the use of one, several, or all of the strategies outlined, taking into account factors such as the characteristics of platform economies, the platform's class, the characteristics of the parties it serves, and short- and long-term goals.

Bu çalışmanın amacı platform ekonomilerinde tavuk-yumurta problemini ve kritik kitle sorununu ele alarak çözüm stratejilerini tartışmak ve bu stratejiler bağlamında başarılı ve başarısız platform örneklerini incelemektir. Çalışmada tavuk-yumurta problemi ve kritik kitle sorunu tanımlanarak detaylı olarak incelenmiş ve çözüm önerisi olarak beş temel strateji paylaşılmıştır. Bu stratejiler bağlamında Amazon, LinkedIn, Tripadvisor ve Airbnb olmak üzere dört başarılı ve BlackBerry, MySpace ve Diners Club Kart olmak üzere de üç başarısız örnek ele alınmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda tavuk-yumurta probleminin çözülerek kritik kitleye ulaşıp platformun kendi kendini besleyen sürdürülebilir büyümesini sağlayacak pozitif dolaylı ağ dışsallıklarını oluşturmak platform ekonomilerinde başarının özü olarak ortaya konmuştur. Bu noktada öncelikle başarı için platform ekonomilerinin özellikleri, platformun sınıfı, platformun hizmet sağladığı tarafların özellikleri, kısa ve uzun vadeli hedefler gibi faktörler dikkate alınarak ortaya konan stratejilerden biri, birkaçı ya da tamamı kullanılmalıdır.

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