Characterization and Properties Comparison of Nigerian Crab-shell Extracts

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 09.07.2020

Chıosa Odılı , Olatunde Sekunowo , Philip Gbenebour Olorupo Adeosun

Öz

Efforts aimed at large scale isolation of chitin and chitosan from marine exoskeletons are being intensified due to their emerging usage in several applications. In this study, extraction of chitin and chitosan was carried out on crab shell of Nigerian origin. Chemical treatments involving demineralization with 1.2MHCl and deproteinization using 1M NaOH at 1000C were employed. This was followed by deacetylation of chitin to produce chitosan. The extracts chitin and chitosan were characterized using SEM, FTIR, DTA and XRD analytical tools. Results of these characterisations compared well with established spectral bands and degradation temperatures of both chitin and chitosan which are 388oC and 342oC respectively. The presence of CaCO3 in a standard crystalline form as revealed by XRD analysis coupled with the exhibition of peculiar microstructural features through SEM suggest that the biopolymer could be spurn into fibrous mat for wound dressing, scaffold for drug delivery as well find application in suture material development. Contributions from this study have the potential of extending the frontiers of knowledge in tissue engineering. Results of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis on crab shells, chitin and chitosn showed the absorption band of 1798, 3460-3268, 1628-1558 cm1 respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Marine exoskeletons, spectral bands, degradation temperature, biopolymer, chitin, chitosan

Kaynakça

• 1. Ocloo, F.C.K., Quayson, E.T., AduGyamfi, A., Quarcoo, E.A., Asare, D., Serfor-Armah, Y., Woode, B.K. Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics of Radiation-Processed Shrimp Chitosan. Radiat Phys. Che, 2011;80:837–41.
• 2. Islam, M., Masum, S., Rahman, M., Islam, M. A. Shaikh, A.A. Preparation of Chitosan from Shrimp Shell and Investigation of its Properties J. Basic Appl. Sci, 2011;11:77–80.
• 3. Yen, M.T., Yang, J.H., Mau, J.L. Physicochemical Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan from Crab Shells. Carbohydra. Polym, 2009;75: 15–21
• 4. Kumirska, J., Czerwicka, M., Kaczyński, Z., Bychowska, A., Brzozowski, K., Thoming, J., Stepnowski, P. Application of Spectroscopic Methods for Structural Analysis of Chitin and Chitosan, Mar. Drug, 2010; 8: 1567–636
• 5. Kjartansson, G.T., Zivanovic, S., Kristbergsson, K., Weiss,J . Sonication-Assisted Extraction of Chitin from North Atlantic shrimps (Pandalus borealis). J. Agric. Food Chem, 2006; 54: 5894–5902
• 6. Islam, S. Z., Khan, M. and Nowsad-Alam, A. K. M. Production of chitin and chitosan from shrimp shell wastes. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ., 2016; 14(2): 253–259, ISSN 1810-3030.
• 7. Muslih, A., Ayu, S. Anggraeni., Harisuddin, M., Al Amin. Comparism of Green Method of Chitin Deacetylation. AIP Conference Proceedings 1823,020071, 2017; doi: 10.1063/1.4978144
• 8. Morin, A., Dufresne, A. Nano Composites of Chitin Whiskers from Riftia Tubes and Poly (caprolactone). Macromolecules, 2002; 35: 2190-2199.
• 9. Jung,W.J., Jo, G.H., Kuk,J.H., Kim,Y.J., Oh,K.TPark. Production of Chitin From red Crab Shell Waste by Successive Fermentation with Lactobacillus Paracasei KCTC-3074 and SerratiaMarcescens FS-3, Carbohydr. Polym.2007;68:746–750.
• 10. Kishore, K. G. and Dr. Amit, B. Studies on Extraction Methods of Chitin from CRAB Shell and Investigation of Its Mechanical Properties. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2017; (2):220–231.
• 11. Juarez-de la Rosa, B.A., Quintana, P., Ardisson, P.L., Ya’nez-Limon J. MAlvarado-Gil., J.J. Effects of thermal treatments on the structure of two black coral species chitinous exoskeleton, J. Mater. Sci ,2012; 47: 990–998.
• 12. Wang, Y., Chang, Y., Yu L, Zhang C., Xu X., Xue Y., Li Z., Xue C., Crystalline structure and thermal property characterization of chitin from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), Carbohydr. Polym. 2013; 92 :90–97
• 13. Kaya M., Seyyar O., Baran T., Turkes T., Bat guano as new and attractive chitin and chitosan source, Front. Zool. 2014;11 (1):1-10
• 14. Musarrat, H. M., Peter, A. W., Olga, T. Extraction of chitin from prawn shells and conversion to low molecular mass chitosan. Food Hydrocolloids. 2013; 31: 166 - 171
• 15. Rinaudo, M.V. Chitin and Chitosan: Properties and Applications, in Progress in Polym Sci; 2006; 31: 603-632.
• 16. Abdou, E.S., Nagy, K.S.A., Elsabee, M.Z. Extraction and Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan from Local Sources, in Bioresource Techno, 2007; l99: 1359-1367.
• 17. Lorenz, A.T.F., Myra, R.S.P., Aileen, G.M.O., and Lesile J.L.D. Chitin extraction and synthesis of chitin-based polymer films from Philippines Blue Swimming Crab (portunus pelagicus) Shells. Procedia chemistry: 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Materials Minerals and Environment (RAMM) and 2nd International Postgraduate Conference on Materials, Minerals and Polymer (MAMIP), 2015, 4-6 August; 2016 P. 462-468 18. Suneeta, K.and Pradip, K. R. Extraction and Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan from (Labeorohit) Fish Scales. Procedia Materials Science:3rd International Conference on Materials Processing and Characterisation (ICMPC 2014). 2014, 6, 482 – 489