<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>veri bilim derg</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Veri Bilimi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2667-582X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Murat GÖK</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Mühendislik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <article-title>Beyin MR Görüntülerinin İyileştirilmesi için Kuadratik Görüntü Filtre Tasarımı</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8246-6733</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Uzun</surname>
                                    <given-names>Süleyman</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-1399</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Dandıl</surname>
                                    <given-names>Emre</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Karagöz</surname>
                                    <given-names>Esin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>BİLECİK ŞEYH EDEBALİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20191230">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2019</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>2</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>34</fpage>
                                        <lpage>38</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20191030">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>30</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20191213">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, Veri Bilimi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Veri Bilimi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>Doğrusalolmayan filtreler sınıfına ait Volterra filtrelerinin bir alt sınıfı olanKuadratik görüntü filtreleri, doğrusal olmayan karakteristiklere sahipgörüntülerin işlenmesinde doğrusal filtrelere göre daha iyi sonuç üretirler. Buçalışmada, Kuadratik görüntü filtreleri kullanılarak beyin MR görüntüleriniyileştirilmesi için bir filtre tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan Kuadratikgörüntü filtrelerin maske ağırlıkları farklı eğitim görüntüleri üzerindeGenetik Algoritmalar ile eğitilerek belirlenmiştir. Hesaplanan ağırlıklar kullanılarakbeyin MR görüntüleri filtrelenerek iyileştirilen görüntüler elde edilmiştir.Tasarlanan filtrenin başarısını ölçmek için aynı görüntüler medyan filtre ilefiltrelenerek görüntü kaliteleri bir birleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneyselçalışmalarda elde edilen sonuçlara göre, önerilen filtrenin görüntülerdekitümörlü bölgelerin tespiti ve bu bölgelerinin kenarlarının daha iyi korunduğugörülmüştür.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Kuadratik görüntü filtreleri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  MR görüntüleri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  beyin tümörleri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  genetik algoritmalar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  görüntü iyileştirme</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>2019-01.BŞEÜ.03-06</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[1]	C. Anand, J. S.-M. R. Imaging, and  undefined 2010, “Wavelet domain non-linear filtering for MRI denoising,” Elsevier.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[2]	J. Mohan, V. Krishnaveni, Y. G.-B. signal processing and control, and  undefined 2014, “A survey on the magnetic resonance image denoising methods,” Elsevier.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[3]	V. S. Hari, R. V. P. P. Jagathy, and R. Gopikakumari, “Enhancement of calcifications in mammograms using Volterra series based quadratic filter,” in Proceedings - 2012 International Conference on Data Science and Engineering, ICDSE 2012, 2012, pp. 85–89.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[4]	S. Uzun and D. Akgun, “A Literature Review on Quadratic Image Filters,” in 2018 2nd International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2018, pp. 1–5.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[5]	R. J. P. deFigueiredo and S. Matz, “Exponential nonlinear Volterra filters for contrast sharpening in noisy images,” in 1996 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings, vol. 4, pp. 2263–2266, 1996.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[6]	T. Jinshan, E. Peli, and S. Acton, “Image enhancement using a contrast measure in the compressed domain,” Signal Process. Lett. IEEE, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 289–292, 2003.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[7]	M. B. Meenavathi and K. Rajesh, “Volterra Filtering Techniques for Removal of Gaussian and Mixed Gaussian-Impulse Noise,” Int. J. Electr. Robot., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–7, 2007.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[8]	G. Ramponi, “Edge extraction by a class of second-order nonlinear filters,” Electron. Lett., vol. 9, no. 22, pp. 482–484, 1986.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[9]	G. F. Ramponi, G. L. Sicuranza, and W. Ukovich, “A computational method for the design of 2-D nonlinear Volterra filters,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst., vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 1095–1102, 1988.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[10]	S. Uzun and D. Akgün, “An Accelerated Method for Determining the Weights of Quadratic Image Filters,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, 2018.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[11]	M. Kanamadi, V. Waghamode, and S. Bandekar, “Alpha Weighted Quadratic Filter Based Enhancement for Mammogram,” in Proceedings of International conference on “Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications” (ERCICA), pp. 68–74, 2013.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[12]	S. Uzun and D. Akgün, “Accelerated method for the optimization of quadratic image filter,” J. Electron. Imaging, vol. 28, no. 03, p. 1, Jun. 2019.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[13]	F. Ritter et al., “Medical Image Analysis: A Visual Approach,” in IEEE Pulse, vol. 2, no. 6, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 60–70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[14]	V. Göreke, E. Uzunhisarcıklı, A. G.-T. T. Ulusal, and  undefined 2014, “Gri Seviyeli Eşoluşum Matrisleri Kullanılarak Sayısal Mamogram Görüntüsünden Doku Özniteliklerinin Çıkarılması ve Yapay Sinir Ağı ile Kitle Tespiti,” biyoklinikder.org.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[15]	S. Kannan, N. S.- Image, and  undefined 2016, “Performance comparison of noise reduction in mammogram images,” pdfs.semanticscholar.org.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[16]	S. Kavitha and K. K. Thyagharajan, “A Survey on Quantitative Metrics for Assessing the Quality of Fused Medical Images,” Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. `, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 282–293, Feb. 2016.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[17]	V. Bhateja, M. Misra, S. U.-F. G. C. Systems, and  undefined 2018, “Unsharp masking approaches for HVS based enhancement of mammographic masses: A comparative evaluation,” Elsevier.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
