Ruminantların beslenmesinde inaktif maya metabolitleri

Öz

Rumen fermentasyonunun kontrolü ve rumen içi koşulların sürdürülebilirliği, ruminantların sağlığı ve bunlardan elde edilecek hayvansal ürünün niteliği bakımından oldukça önemlidir. İnaktif maya metaboliti kullanımıyla, rumen mikroorganizma sayı ve aktivitelerinde modifikasyon yapabilme, yemlerin besleme değerini artırma ve fermantasyon etkinliğini iyileştirmek suretiyle rumende manipülasyon amaçlanmaktadır. Rumen fermantasyonun olumsuz etkilerini önlemek ve verimi arttırmak amacıyla kullanılan inaktif maya metabolitleri, besin değeri yüksek prebiyotik etkili biyoteknolojik ürünlerdir. Antibiyotiklerin yerine güvenle kullanılabilmelerinin yanı sıra, diğer maya türlerine kıyasla rumende daha uzun süre etkili olabilmeleri ve yem işleme tekniklerinden olumsuz etkilenmemeleri gibi ekstra avantajlara da sahiptirler. Doğal ve ekonomik olmaları yanında son yıllarda düşük kaliteli kaba yemlerle kullanıldığındaki pozitif etkileri ile de dikkat çekmektedirler. Bu çalışmada; inaktif maya metabolitleri, canlı mayalarla karşılaştırılmaları ve ruminant beslemede kullanımları ile ilgili araştırmalar irdelenmiş, yem tüketimi, selüloz sindirilebilirliği, anaerobik ve selülolitik bakteri sayısı, rumen pH’sı ve uçucu yağ asitleri kompozisyonunun olumlu yönde değişebileceği, rumen sıvısı oksijen konsatrasyonu ile laktat birikiminin azaltılabileceği ve amonyak azotunun mikrobiyal proteine daha etkili dönüşebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• inaktif maya,prebiyotik,rumen fermentasyonu,sindirilebilirlik

Inactive yeast metabolites in ruminant nutrition

Abstract

The control of rumen fermentation and the sustainability of rumen-in conditions is very important in terms of the health of ruminants and the nature of the animal product. It is aimed to manipulate rumen microorganism numbers and activities, increase feed value of feed and improve fermentation efficiency by using inactive yeast metabolite. Inactive yeast metabolites used to prevent adverse effects of rumen fermentation and increase yield are biotechnological products with high nutritional value. In addition to being used safely in place of antibiotics, they have additional advantages such as being more effective in rumen than other yeast species and not being adversely affected by feed processing techniques. In addition to being natural and economical, they are important for their positive effects when used with low quality roughage in recent years. In this study; inactive yeast metabolites comparison with live yeasts and researches on their use in ruminant feeding, feed consumption, cellulose digestibility, the number of anaerobic and cellulolytic bacteria, rumen pH and volatile fatty acids composition can be changed in a positive way with the concentration of oxygen concentration of rumen liquid and lactate accumulation can be reduced. It was concluded that ammonia nitrogen could be more effective for microbial protein.

Keywords

• inactive yeast,prebiotic,rumen fermentation,digestibility

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