Evcil ruminatlarda Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi Virusu (KKKAV) enfeksiyonunun seroepidemiyolojik araştırması, Adana ili, Doğu Akdeniz bölgesi, Türkiye.

Öz

Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateşi virusu (KKKAV), Türkiye'de 2002 ve 2015'ten beri Adana'da görülmektedir. Ancak Adana'da KKKAV ile ilgili daha önceki dönemlere ait seroepidemiyolojik veri mevcut değildir. Bu çalışmada, Adana ilinin ruminantlarda KKKAV için tür, ırk, yaş, cinsiyet ve coğrafi konuma göre seroepidemiyolojik durumunun araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 14.030 km² alan içerisinde deniz seviyesinden yaylalara (0-1472 m) kadar 15 ilçede gerçekleştirilmiştir. 485 numune, modifiye anti-CCHFV IgG ELISA ile test edilmiştir. İnsan bazlı bir IgG ELISA, sığır, koyun ve keçi IgG antikorlarını tanımak için uyarlanmıştır. Konjugasyon (anti-insan IgG peroksidaz), her türe uygun konjugat ile değiştirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler, antikor varlığı ile hayvan yaşı, türü, ırkı ve coğrafi konumu arasında önemli bir ilişki olduğunu gösterirken hayvanların cinsiyeti ile ilişki olmadığını da göstermiştir. 485 örnekten 154'ü seropozitif bulunmuş (%31,8). İstatistiksel kümenin coğrafi konuma ve seropozitifliğe göre %5,8 ile %74,3 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Antikor varlığı ile ilişkili en önemli değişkenin coğrafi konum olduğu saptanmıştır. 555 metrenin üzerindeki rakımlarda yüksek seropozitiflik bulunurken, deniz seviyesinde %7 ve %3 olarak bulunmuştur. 2015 yılında insan ölümlerinin görüldüğü köyde seropozitifliğin %100'e ulaştığı, bu köyün bulunduğu Tufanbeyli ilçesinde ise %74,3'e ulaştığı saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar, Adana ilinin KKKA enfeksiyonu için özellikle yüksek irtifalı bölgeler açsısından endemik bir il olduğunu göstermektedir.

Seroepidemiological survey of the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) infection amongst domestic ruminants in Adana province, East Mediterranean, Turkey.

Abstract

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) has been observing since 2002 and 2015 in Turkey and Adana, respectively. However, there were no previous seroepidemiological data on CCHFV in Adana. This study, thus, aimed to investigate the seroepidemiological status of Adana province for CCHFV in ruminants, according to species, breed, age, gender and geographical location. The study was carried out in 15 districts from sea level to plateaus (0-1472 m), within a 14,030 km² area. 485 samples were tested with modified anti-CCHFV IgG ELISA. A human-based IgG ELISA was adapted to recognize cattle, sheep and goats IgG antibodies. The conjugation (anti-human IgG peroxidase) was replaced with appropriate conjugate in each species. Statistical analyses indicated a significant relationship between antibody presence and animal age, species, breed and location but there was no relation with animal gender. Out of 485 samples, 154 were seropositive (31.8%). It was determined that the statistical cluster varied between 5.8% and 74.3% according to location and seropositivity. The most important variable associated with antibody presence was geographic location. While high seropositivity is found at altitudes above 555 meters, it is found to be 7% and 3% at sea level. The seropositivity reached 100% in the village where human deaths were seen in 2015, and 74.3% in the Tufanbeyli district where this village is located. The results indicate that Adana is an endemic province for CCHFV infection, especially in high altitude regions.

Keywords

• Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
• ELISA
• seroepidemiology
• ruminants
• Adana

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