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A study of lipid and protein profiles and liver enzyme levels in neonatal diarrhea calves based on clinical severity of the disease

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1208952

Öz

The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum lipid and protein profile as well as liver enzyme levels in neonatal calves with diarrhea. The study included 40 calves, 30 with diarrhea and 10 healthy (control). Calves with diarrhea were divided into three groups based on clinical findings: mild, moderate, and severe. Blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis after routine clinical examinations of the calves to determine the lipid profile, protein profile, liver enzyme levels, and glucose levels. Serum total cholesterol (TC) (P<0.01), HDL (P<0.01), and LDL (P<0.05) levels were all found to be lower in the calves in the mild, moderate, and severe groups compared to the control group. No significant difference in TP and ALB values was found between the groups. Additionally, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.01), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and glucose (P<0.05) levels were also greater in calves with diarrhea compared to the control group. The current study concluded that there was no change in the protein profile in calves with neonatal diarrhea, but the lipid profile was negatively affected and liver function was impaired, and the impairment in liver function increased as the clinical severity of the disease increased.

Kaynakça

  • Akgün, S., Ertel, N. H., Mosenthal, A., & Oser, W. (1998). Postsurgical reduction of serum lipoproteins: Interleukin-6 and the acute-phase response. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 131: 103-108. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(98)90083-x
  • Al-Alo, K. Z. K., Nikbakht Brujeni, G., Lotfollahzadeh, S., Moosakhani, F., & Gharabaghi, A. (2018). Correlation between neonatal calf diarrhea and the level of maternally derived antibodies. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 19(1), 3-8
  • Albayrak, H., & Kabu, M. (2016). Determining serum haptoglobin and cytokine concentrations in diarrheic calves. Fırat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences, 30 (2), 113-117.
  • Alvarez, C., & Ramos, A. (1986). Lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins in serum during infection. Clinical Chemistry, 32 (1 Pt 1): 142-145.
  • Anderson, N. L., & Anderson, N. G. (2002). The human plasma proteome. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, 1(11), 845-867. DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r200007-mcp200
  • Arfuso, F., Fazio, F., Panzera, M., Giannetto, C., di Pietro, S., Giudice, E., & Piccione, G. (2017). Lipid and lipoprotein profile changes in newborn calves in response to the perinatal period. Acta Veterinaria Beograd, 67 (1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2017-0003
  • Athanasiou, L. V., Katsoulos, P. D., Ziogas, C., Kassab, A., & Polizopoulou, Z. (2019). Serum protein electrophoretic profile in diarrheic neonatal calves. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 28 (3), 685-688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02935-w
  • Aydogdu, U., Coskun, A., Yildiz, R., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2018). Clinical importance of lipid profile in neonatal calves with sepsis. The Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 69 (4), 1189-1194. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15926
  • Ballou, M. A., Cobb, C. J., Hulbert, L. E., & Carroll, J. A. (2011). Effects of intravenous Escherichia coli dose on the pathophysiological response of colostrum-fed Jersey calves. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 141 (1–2), 76–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.02.008.
  • Barati, M., Nazari, M. Z., Taher, M.T., & Farhadi, N. (2011). Comparison of lipid profile in septic and non-septic patients. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 6 (4), 144-147.
  • Bartosz, J., & Katarzyna, A. (2016). Application of native agarose gel electrophoresis of serum proteins in veterinary diagnostics. Journal of Veterinary Research, 60: 501–508. DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2016-0074
  • Başer, D. F., & Civelek, T. (2013). Correlations between venous acid-base status and renal function in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 6 (1), 25-31. DOI: 10.5578/kvj.5516 Bozukluhan, K., Merhan, O., Gokce, H. I., Deveci, H. A., Gokce, G., Ogun, M., & Marasli, S. (2017). Alterations in lipid profile in neonatal calves affected by diarrhea. Veterinary World, 10 (7), 786-789. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.786-789
  • Cho, Y. I., & Yoon, K. J. (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. Journal of Veterinary Science, 15 (1), 1-17. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.1
  • Cirstea, M., Walley, K. R., Russell, J. A., Brunham, L. R., Genga, K. R., & Boyd, J. H. (2017). Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is an early prognostic marker for organ dysfunction and death in patients with suspected sepsis. Journal of Critical Care, 38: 289-294. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.11.041
  • Civelek, T., Kav, K., Camkerten, I., Celik, H. A., & Acar, A. (2007). Effects of bacterial pneumonia in neonatal calves on serum lipids. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy, 51 (4), 503-507.
  • Constable, P. D., Hinchcliff, K. W., Done, S. H., & Grünberg, W. (2017). Neonatal infection disease. Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 11th ed. Elsevier, China. p1874-1903.
  • El-Bahr, S. M., & EL-Deeb, W. M. (2013). Acute phase proteins, lipid profile and proinflammatory cytokines in healthy and bronchopneumonic water buffalo calves. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 9 (1), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2013.34.40
  • Fraunberger, P., Schaefer, S., Werdan, K., Walli, A. K., & Seidel, D. (1999). Reduction of circulating cholesterol and apolipoprotein levels during sepsis. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 37 (3), 357-362. DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.1999.059
  • Gordon, B. R., Parker, T. S., Levine, D. M., Saal, S. D., Wang, J. C., Sloan, B. J., Barie, P. S., & Rubin, A. L. (2001). Relationship of hypolipidemia to cytokine concentrations and outcomes in critically ill surgical patients. Critical Care Medicine, 29 (8), 1563–1568. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200108000-00011
  • Grodzki, K., Lechowski, R., & Lenarcik, M. (1991). The biochemical profile of calves' liver in the course of diarrhea during the first 10 days of life. Polskie Archiwum Weterynaryjne, 31 (3-4), 49-63.
  • Grünberg, W. (2022, October 12). Diarrhea in neonatal ruminants. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/digestive-system/intestinal-diseases-in-ruminants/diarrhea-in-neonatal-ruminants
  • Hardaróttir, I., Grünfeld, C., & Feingold, K. R. (1994). Effects of endotoxin and cytokines on lipid metabolism. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 5 (3), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199405030-00008
  • Humblet, M. F., Coghe, J., Lekeux, P., & Godeau, J. M. (2004). Acute phase proteins assessment for an early selection of treatments in growing calves suffering frombronchopneumonia under field conditions. Research in Veterinary Science, 77 (1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.02.009
  • Irmak, K., & Güzelbekteş, H. (2003). Alteration in some hematological and biochemical parameters in the calves with presumed septic shock. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1): 53-57.
  • Izzo, M. M., Kirkland, P. D., Mohler, V. L., Perkins, N. R., Gunn, A. A., & House, J. K. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhoea. Australian Veterinary Journal, 89 (5), 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00692.x
  • Jacobsen, S., Andersen, P. H., Toelboell, T., & Heegaard, P. M. (2004). Dose dependency and individual variability of the lipopolysaccharide-induced bovine acute phase protein response. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(10), 3330–3339. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73469-4
  • Joshi, V., Gupta, V. K., Dimri, U., Mandal, R. S. K., & Sharma, D. K. (2015). Serum lipid profile in bacterial Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) affected calves. Intas Polivet, 16 (2), 187-188.
  • Kaneko, J. J., Harvey, J. W. & Bruss, M.L. (2008). Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 6th ed. Academic Press, New York. (pp. 364-390).
  • Khovidhunkit, W., Memon, R. A., Feingold, K. R., & Grunfeld, C. (2000). Infection and inflammation-induced proatherogenic changes of lipoproteins. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 181(Supplement_3), S462-S472. DOI: 10.1086/315611
  • Knowles, T. G., Brown, S. N., Edwards, J. E., Phillips, A. J., & Warriss, P. D. (1999). Effect on young calves of a one‐hour feeding stop during a 19‐hour road journey. Veterinary Record, 144 (25), 687-692. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.144.25.687
  • Lekkou, A., Mouzaki, A., Siagris, D., Ravani, I., & Gogos, C. A. (2014). Serum lipid profile, cytokine production, and clinical outcome in patients with severe sepsis. Journal of Critical Care, 29 (5), 723-727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.04.018
  • Marcato, F., Van den Brand, H., Kemp, B., & Van Reenen, K. (2018). Evaluating potential biomarkers of health and performance in veal calves. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 5, 133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00133
  • Merhan, O., Bozukluhan, K., Gökçe, G., & Yılmaz, O. (2016). Investigation on the levels of haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and some biochemical parameters levels in calves with diarrhea. Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, Fırat Üniversitesi, 30 (3), 195-198. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1055-1058
  • Morin, E. E., Guo, L., Schwendeman, A., & Li, X. A. (2015). HDL in sepsis–risk factor and therapeutic approach. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 6, 244. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00244
  • Murch, O., Collin, M., Hinds, C. J., & Thiemermann, C. (2007). Lipoproteins in inflammation and sepsis. I. Basic science. Intensive Care Medicine, 33 (1), 13-24. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0432-y
  • Nagyová, V., Šoltésová, H., Tóthová, C., & Nagy, O. (2015). The impact of respiratory disease and diarrhoea on protein profiles in calves. Folia Veterinaria, 59 (1), 5-11.
  • Nassaji, M., & Ghorbani, R. (2012). Plasma lipid levels in patients with acute bacterial infections. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 42 (3), 465-469. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1011-1278
  • Pieper, R., Gatlin, C. L., Makusky, A. J., Russo, P. S., Schatz, C. R., Miller, S. S., ... & Steiner, S. (2003). The human serum proteome: Display of nearly 3700 chromatographically separated protein spots on two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels and identification of 325 distinct proteins. PROTEOMICS: International Edition, 3 (7), 1345-1364. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300449
  • Ramachandran, G. (2014). Gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial toxins in sepsis: a brief review. Virulence, 5 (1), 213-218. DOI: 10.4161/viru.27024
  • Russell, K. E., & Roussel, A. J. (2007). Evaluation of the ruminant serum chemistry profile. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 23 (3), 403-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.07.003
  • Sayers, R. G., Kennedy, A., Krump, L., Sayers, G. P., & Kennedy, E. (2016). An observational study using blood gas analysis to assess neonatal calf diarrhea and subsequent recovery with a European Commission-compliant oral electrolyte solution. Journal of Dairy Science, 99 (6), 4647-4655. DOI: 10.3168/ jds.2015-10600
  • Schneider, A., Corrêa, M. N., & Butler, W. R. (2013). Acute phase proteins in Holstein cows diagnosed with uterine infection. Research in Veterinary Science, 95 (1), 269-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.02.010
  • Sobiech, P., Rekawek, W., Ali, M., Targonski, R., Zarczynska, K., Snarska, A., & Stopyra, A. (2013). Changes in blood acid-base balance parameters and coagulation profile during diarrhea in calves. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 16 (3). DOI 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0075
  • Swanson, J., & Morrow-Tesch, J. (2001). Cattle transport: historical, research, and future perspectives. Journal of Animal Science, 79 (suppl_E), E102-E109. DOI:10.2527/JAS2001.79E-SUPPLE102X
  • Tall, A. R., & Yvan-Charvet, L. (2015). Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity. Nature Reviews Immunology, 15 (2), 104-116. DOI: 10.1038/nri3793
  • Tóthová, C., Nagy, O., Kováč, G., & Nagyová, V. (2016). Changes in the concentrations of serum proteins in calves during the first month of life. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 44 (1), 338-346. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2015.1031791
  • Walker, P. G., Constable, P. D., Morin, D. E., Drackley, J. K., Foreman, J. H., & Thurmon, J. C. (1998). A reliable, practical, and economical protocol for inducing diarrhea and severe dehydration in the neonatal calf. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 62 (3), 205.
  • Wendel, M., Paul, R., & Heller, A. R. (2007). Lipoproteins in inflammation and sepsis. II. Clinical aspects. Intensive Care Medicine, 33 (1), 25-35. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0433-x
  • Yilmaz, Z., & Senturk, S. (2007). Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 48 (11), 643-650. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00391.x
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1208952

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akgün, S., Ertel, N. H., Mosenthal, A., & Oser, W. (1998). Postsurgical reduction of serum lipoproteins: Interleukin-6 and the acute-phase response. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 131: 103-108. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(98)90083-x
  • Al-Alo, K. Z. K., Nikbakht Brujeni, G., Lotfollahzadeh, S., Moosakhani, F., & Gharabaghi, A. (2018). Correlation between neonatal calf diarrhea and the level of maternally derived antibodies. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 19(1), 3-8
  • Albayrak, H., & Kabu, M. (2016). Determining serum haptoglobin and cytokine concentrations in diarrheic calves. Fırat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences, 30 (2), 113-117.
  • Alvarez, C., & Ramos, A. (1986). Lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins in serum during infection. Clinical Chemistry, 32 (1 Pt 1): 142-145.
  • Anderson, N. L., & Anderson, N. G. (2002). The human plasma proteome. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, 1(11), 845-867. DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r200007-mcp200
  • Arfuso, F., Fazio, F., Panzera, M., Giannetto, C., di Pietro, S., Giudice, E., & Piccione, G. (2017). Lipid and lipoprotein profile changes in newborn calves in response to the perinatal period. Acta Veterinaria Beograd, 67 (1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2017-0003
  • Athanasiou, L. V., Katsoulos, P. D., Ziogas, C., Kassab, A., & Polizopoulou, Z. (2019). Serum protein electrophoretic profile in diarrheic neonatal calves. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 28 (3), 685-688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02935-w
  • Aydogdu, U., Coskun, A., Yildiz, R., Guzelbektes, H., & Sen, I. (2018). Clinical importance of lipid profile in neonatal calves with sepsis. The Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 69 (4), 1189-1194. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15926
  • Ballou, M. A., Cobb, C. J., Hulbert, L. E., & Carroll, J. A. (2011). Effects of intravenous Escherichia coli dose on the pathophysiological response of colostrum-fed Jersey calves. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 141 (1–2), 76–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.02.008.
  • Barati, M., Nazari, M. Z., Taher, M.T., & Farhadi, N. (2011). Comparison of lipid profile in septic and non-septic patients. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 6 (4), 144-147.
  • Bartosz, J., & Katarzyna, A. (2016). Application of native agarose gel electrophoresis of serum proteins in veterinary diagnostics. Journal of Veterinary Research, 60: 501–508. DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2016-0074
  • Başer, D. F., & Civelek, T. (2013). Correlations between venous acid-base status and renal function in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 6 (1), 25-31. DOI: 10.5578/kvj.5516 Bozukluhan, K., Merhan, O., Gokce, H. I., Deveci, H. A., Gokce, G., Ogun, M., & Marasli, S. (2017). Alterations in lipid profile in neonatal calves affected by diarrhea. Veterinary World, 10 (7), 786-789. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.786-789
  • Cho, Y. I., & Yoon, K. J. (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. Journal of Veterinary Science, 15 (1), 1-17. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.1
  • Cirstea, M., Walley, K. R., Russell, J. A., Brunham, L. R., Genga, K. R., & Boyd, J. H. (2017). Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is an early prognostic marker for organ dysfunction and death in patients with suspected sepsis. Journal of Critical Care, 38: 289-294. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.11.041
  • Civelek, T., Kav, K., Camkerten, I., Celik, H. A., & Acar, A. (2007). Effects of bacterial pneumonia in neonatal calves on serum lipids. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy, 51 (4), 503-507.
  • Constable, P. D., Hinchcliff, K. W., Done, S. H., & Grünberg, W. (2017). Neonatal infection disease. Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 11th ed. Elsevier, China. p1874-1903.
  • El-Bahr, S. M., & EL-Deeb, W. M. (2013). Acute phase proteins, lipid profile and proinflammatory cytokines in healthy and bronchopneumonic water buffalo calves. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 9 (1), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2013.34.40
  • Fraunberger, P., Schaefer, S., Werdan, K., Walli, A. K., & Seidel, D. (1999). Reduction of circulating cholesterol and apolipoprotein levels during sepsis. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 37 (3), 357-362. DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.1999.059
  • Gordon, B. R., Parker, T. S., Levine, D. M., Saal, S. D., Wang, J. C., Sloan, B. J., Barie, P. S., & Rubin, A. L. (2001). Relationship of hypolipidemia to cytokine concentrations and outcomes in critically ill surgical patients. Critical Care Medicine, 29 (8), 1563–1568. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200108000-00011
  • Grodzki, K., Lechowski, R., & Lenarcik, M. (1991). The biochemical profile of calves' liver in the course of diarrhea during the first 10 days of life. Polskie Archiwum Weterynaryjne, 31 (3-4), 49-63.
  • Grünberg, W. (2022, October 12). Diarrhea in neonatal ruminants. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/digestive-system/intestinal-diseases-in-ruminants/diarrhea-in-neonatal-ruminants
  • Hardaróttir, I., Grünfeld, C., & Feingold, K. R. (1994). Effects of endotoxin and cytokines on lipid metabolism. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 5 (3), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199405030-00008
  • Humblet, M. F., Coghe, J., Lekeux, P., & Godeau, J. M. (2004). Acute phase proteins assessment for an early selection of treatments in growing calves suffering frombronchopneumonia under field conditions. Research in Veterinary Science, 77 (1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.02.009
  • Irmak, K., & Güzelbekteş, H. (2003). Alteration in some hematological and biochemical parameters in the calves with presumed septic shock. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1): 53-57.
  • Izzo, M. M., Kirkland, P. D., Mohler, V. L., Perkins, N. R., Gunn, A. A., & House, J. K. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhoea. Australian Veterinary Journal, 89 (5), 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00692.x
  • Jacobsen, S., Andersen, P. H., Toelboell, T., & Heegaard, P. M. (2004). Dose dependency and individual variability of the lipopolysaccharide-induced bovine acute phase protein response. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(10), 3330–3339. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73469-4
  • Joshi, V., Gupta, V. K., Dimri, U., Mandal, R. S. K., & Sharma, D. K. (2015). Serum lipid profile in bacterial Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) affected calves. Intas Polivet, 16 (2), 187-188.
  • Kaneko, J. J., Harvey, J. W. & Bruss, M.L. (2008). Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 6th ed. Academic Press, New York. (pp. 364-390).
  • Khovidhunkit, W., Memon, R. A., Feingold, K. R., & Grunfeld, C. (2000). Infection and inflammation-induced proatherogenic changes of lipoproteins. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 181(Supplement_3), S462-S472. DOI: 10.1086/315611
  • Knowles, T. G., Brown, S. N., Edwards, J. E., Phillips, A. J., & Warriss, P. D. (1999). Effect on young calves of a one‐hour feeding stop during a 19‐hour road journey. Veterinary Record, 144 (25), 687-692. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.144.25.687
  • Lekkou, A., Mouzaki, A., Siagris, D., Ravani, I., & Gogos, C. A. (2014). Serum lipid profile, cytokine production, and clinical outcome in patients with severe sepsis. Journal of Critical Care, 29 (5), 723-727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.04.018
  • Marcato, F., Van den Brand, H., Kemp, B., & Van Reenen, K. (2018). Evaluating potential biomarkers of health and performance in veal calves. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 5, 133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00133
  • Merhan, O., Bozukluhan, K., Gökçe, G., & Yılmaz, O. (2016). Investigation on the levels of haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and some biochemical parameters levels in calves with diarrhea. Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, Fırat Üniversitesi, 30 (3), 195-198. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1055-1058
  • Morin, E. E., Guo, L., Schwendeman, A., & Li, X. A. (2015). HDL in sepsis–risk factor and therapeutic approach. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 6, 244. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00244
  • Murch, O., Collin, M., Hinds, C. J., & Thiemermann, C. (2007). Lipoproteins in inflammation and sepsis. I. Basic science. Intensive Care Medicine, 33 (1), 13-24. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0432-y
  • Nagyová, V., Šoltésová, H., Tóthová, C., & Nagy, O. (2015). The impact of respiratory disease and diarrhoea on protein profiles in calves. Folia Veterinaria, 59 (1), 5-11.
  • Nassaji, M., & Ghorbani, R. (2012). Plasma lipid levels in patients with acute bacterial infections. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 42 (3), 465-469. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1011-1278
  • Pieper, R., Gatlin, C. L., Makusky, A. J., Russo, P. S., Schatz, C. R., Miller, S. S., ... & Steiner, S. (2003). The human serum proteome: Display of nearly 3700 chromatographically separated protein spots on two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels and identification of 325 distinct proteins. PROTEOMICS: International Edition, 3 (7), 1345-1364. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300449
  • Ramachandran, G. (2014). Gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial toxins in sepsis: a brief review. Virulence, 5 (1), 213-218. DOI: 10.4161/viru.27024
  • Russell, K. E., & Roussel, A. J. (2007). Evaluation of the ruminant serum chemistry profile. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 23 (3), 403-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.07.003
  • Sayers, R. G., Kennedy, A., Krump, L., Sayers, G. P., & Kennedy, E. (2016). An observational study using blood gas analysis to assess neonatal calf diarrhea and subsequent recovery with a European Commission-compliant oral electrolyte solution. Journal of Dairy Science, 99 (6), 4647-4655. DOI: 10.3168/ jds.2015-10600
  • Schneider, A., Corrêa, M. N., & Butler, W. R. (2013). Acute phase proteins in Holstein cows diagnosed with uterine infection. Research in Veterinary Science, 95 (1), 269-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.02.010
  • Sobiech, P., Rekawek, W., Ali, M., Targonski, R., Zarczynska, K., Snarska, A., & Stopyra, A. (2013). Changes in blood acid-base balance parameters and coagulation profile during diarrhea in calves. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 16 (3). DOI 10.2478/pjvs-2013-0075
  • Swanson, J., & Morrow-Tesch, J. (2001). Cattle transport: historical, research, and future perspectives. Journal of Animal Science, 79 (suppl_E), E102-E109. DOI:10.2527/JAS2001.79E-SUPPLE102X
  • Tall, A. R., & Yvan-Charvet, L. (2015). Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity. Nature Reviews Immunology, 15 (2), 104-116. DOI: 10.1038/nri3793
  • Tóthová, C., Nagy, O., Kováč, G., & Nagyová, V. (2016). Changes in the concentrations of serum proteins in calves during the first month of life. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 44 (1), 338-346. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2015.1031791
  • Walker, P. G., Constable, P. D., Morin, D. E., Drackley, J. K., Foreman, J. H., & Thurmon, J. C. (1998). A reliable, practical, and economical protocol for inducing diarrhea and severe dehydration in the neonatal calf. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 62 (3), 205.
  • Wendel, M., Paul, R., & Heller, A. R. (2007). Lipoproteins in inflammation and sepsis. II. Clinical aspects. Intensive Care Medicine, 33 (1), 25-35. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0433-x
  • Yilmaz, Z., & Senturk, S. (2007). Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 48 (11), 643-650. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00391.x
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Şükrü Değirmençay 0000-0002-3920-6343

M. Sinan Aktaş 0000-0002-7206-5757

Başak Hanedan 0000-0003-3873-0124

Akın Kırbaş 0000-0001-9159-3240

Nergis Ulaş 0000-0003-2340-6882

Emre Yanar 0000-0001-7302-7077

Ömer Aydın 0000-0001-9444-1904

Emre Eren 0000-0003-3118-7384

Muhammed Sertaç Eroğlu 0000-0003-1061-8421

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Kasım 2022
Kabul Tarihi 23 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Değirmençay, Ş., Aktaş, M. S., Hanedan, B., Kırbaş, A., vd. (2023). A study of lipid and protein profiles and liver enzyme levels in neonatal diarrhea calves based on clinical severity of the disease. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, 8(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1208952

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