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Bilgi Teknolojileri İhracatı ile Lojistik Altyapı Arasındaki Etkileşim: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerinden Türkiye Odaklı Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 246 - 261, 27.10.2025

Öz

Bu çalışma, OECD ülkelerinde, özellikle Türkiye'ye odaklanarak, Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri (BİT) ihracatı ile demiryolu lojistik altyapısı arasındaki yapısal ilişkiyi araştırmaktadır. Uluslararası ticaret teorisi ve lojistik performans modellerinden yararlanarak, güçlü dijital ihracat kapasitesine sahip ekonomilerin demiryolu yük altyapısına orantılı yatırım yapıp yapmadığını araştırmaktadır. 2022 OECD BİT ihracat istatistiklerini konteyner taşımacılığı (TEU), dökme yük taşımacılığı (ton-kilometre) ve TÜİK ile Türkiye Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı'ndan alınan ulusal verilerle entegre ederek kapsamlı bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Ampirik analiz, BİT ihracatı ile konteyner demiryolu taşımacılığı arasında zayıf pozitif bir korelasyon (r ≈ 0,30) ortaya koyarken, dökme yük taşımacılığı ile anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını (r ≈ 0,00) ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulgular, yüksek katma değerli dijital ihracatın ağır yük taşımacılığı altyapısına yapılan yatırımlar üzerinde sınırlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Aykırı değer analizi, farklı ulusal stratejileri vurgulamaktadır: Hollanda, mütevazı yük kapasitesine rağmen yüksek BİT ihracat seviyelerine ulaşırken, Kanada tam tersi bir model göstermektedir. 38,5 milyar ton/kilometre dökme yük ve 442.000 TEU konteyner hacmiyle Türkiye, Avrasya ulaştırma koridorunun stratejik bir orta noktasında yer almaktadır. Çalışma, ticaret kapasitesi ile lojistik altyapısı arasında yapısal bir asimetri tespit ederek, yüksek küresel faiz oranlarının sermaye yoğun demiryolu yatırımlarını nasıl kısıtlayabileceğini vurgulamaktadır. Ticaret, ulaştırma ve makroekonomik değişkenleri entegre ederek araştırma, gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde lojistik-ticaret uyumunu artırmayı amaçlayan politika geliştirme için bütünsel bir çerçeve ve stratejik fikirler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Arvis, J. F., Ojala, L., Wiederer, C., Shepherd, B., Raj, A., Dairabayeva, K., & Kiiski, T. (2018). Connecting to compete 2018: Trade logistics in the global economy-The logistics performance index and its indicators (No. 128355).
  • Asian Development Bank Institute. (2023). Trade facilitation and global value chains in a post-pandemic world (ADBI Working Paper Series No. 1378). https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/881366/adbi-wp1378.pdf
  • Behar, A., Manners, P., & Nelson, B. D. (2013). Exports and international logistics. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 75(6), 855-886.
  • Climate Bonds Initiative. (2017). Green city bonds: Financing low carbon urban infrastructure. Changing Transport. https://changing-transport.org/green-bonds/
  • Freund, C. L., & Weinhold, D. (2004). The effect of the Internet on international trade. Journal of International Economics, 62(1), 171-189.
  • Gani, A. (2017). The logistics performance effect in international trade. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 33(4), 279-288.
  • Hansenová, H., Cempírek, V., & Novák, P. (2016). Transport and logistics and their influence on export costs.
  • Hausman, W. H., Lee, H. L., & Subramanian, U. (2005). Global logistics indicators, supply chain metrics, and bilateral trade patterns. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (3773).
  • Helpman, E., & Krugman, P. (1987). Market structure and foreign trade: Increasing returns, imperfect competition, and the international economy. MIT Press.
  • International Monetary Fund. (2025, October). Global financial stability report: Shifting ground beneath the calm. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/GFSR
  • Kheyirkhabarli, M. (2024). Trade facilitation and Global Value Chains harmony. Navigating the Future: Digitalization, Sustainability, and International Business, 62.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1979). Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade. Journal of International Economics, 9(4), 469-479.
  • Liu, L., & Nath, H. K. (2013). Information and communications technology and trade in emerging market economies. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(6), 67-87.
  • Luqman, M., Murtaza, G., & Nazir, R. (2021). How information and communication technologies affect intensive and extensive margins of firm exports: Evidence with micro data of South Asian manufacturing firms. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 26(2), 57-76.
  • Malyarets, L. M., Norik, L. A., Baliuk, Y. S., & Budarin, O. S. (2023). The Development of ExportImport Activity on the Basis of Information and Communication Technologies.
  • Meng, J., Ye, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). Financing and investing in sustainable infrastructure: A review and research agenda. Sustainable Futures, 8, 100312.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye. (2025). Türkiye’s connectivity and multilateral transportation policy. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye_s-multilateral-transportationpolicy.en.mfa
  • Mundonde, J., & Makoni, P. L. (2025). Bridging the green infrastructure gap: Determinants of renewable energy ppp financing in emerging and developing economies. Sustainability, 17(20), 9072.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023, September 1). Report on green, social and sustainability bonds issued by multilateral development banks and its use for infrastructure financing (DAF/CMF/AS(2023)3/REV2). https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/CMF/AS%282023%293/REV2/en/pdf
  • Information and Communication Technologies Export and Logistics in Türkiye Mustafa Ergün 261
  • Portugal-Perez, A., & Wilson, J. S. (2012). Export performance and trade facilitation reform: Hard and soft infrastructure. World development, 40(7), 1295-1307.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. (2025). T.C. Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı resmi web sitesi. https://www.uab.gov.tr/
  • TÜİK. (2025). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu veri portalı. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
  • UNCTAD. (n.d.). Digitalization of multimodal data and document exchange using UN standards: Electronic corridors. https://unctad.org/news/digitalization-multimodal-data-and-documentexchange-using-un-standards-electronic-corridors
  • Zerka, P., & Ghosh, S. (2025, March). Challenges and opportunities of green bonds for infrastructure financing (T20 Policy Brief TF5.2). Global Solutions Initiative. https://www.global-solutionsinitiative.org/wp content/uploads/2025/03/T20_PB_TF5_2_Challenges_and_Opportunities_of_Green_Bonds_for _Infrastructure_Financing.pdf

The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 246 - 261, 27.10.2025

Öz

This study investigates the structural relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) exports and railway logistics infrastructure across OECD countries, with a particular focus on Türkiye. Drawing on international trade theory and logistics performance models, it explores whether economies with strong digital export capacity invest proportionately in railway freight infrastructure. A comprehensive dataset was constructed by integrating 2022 OECD ICT export statistics with container transport (TEU), bulk cargo transport (tonne-kilometer), and national data from TÜİK and Türkiye’s Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. Empirical analysis reveals a weak positive correlation between ICT exports and container railway transport (r ≈ 0.30), but no significant relationship with bulk cargo transport (r ≈ 0.00). These findings suggest that high value-added digital exports exert limited influence on investments in heavy-lift transport infrastructure. Outlier identification points to differentiated trajectories in national planning: the Netherlands achieves high ICT export levels despite modest freight capacity, while Canada shows the opposite pattern. Türkiye, with 38.5 billion tonne-kilometers of bulk cargo and 442,000 TEU in container volume, occupies a strategic midpoint in the Eurasian transport corridor. The study identifies a structural asymmetry between trade capacity and logistics infrastructure, emphasizing how high global interest rates may constrain capital-intensive railway investments. By integrating trade, transport, and macroeconomic variables, the research offers a holistic framework and strategic insights for policy development aimed at enhancing logistics–trade alignment in emerging economies.

Kaynakça

  • Arvis, J. F., Ojala, L., Wiederer, C., Shepherd, B., Raj, A., Dairabayeva, K., & Kiiski, T. (2018). Connecting to compete 2018: Trade logistics in the global economy-The logistics performance index and its indicators (No. 128355).
  • Asian Development Bank Institute. (2023). Trade facilitation and global value chains in a post-pandemic world (ADBI Working Paper Series No. 1378). https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/881366/adbi-wp1378.pdf
  • Behar, A., Manners, P., & Nelson, B. D. (2013). Exports and international logistics. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 75(6), 855-886.
  • Climate Bonds Initiative. (2017). Green city bonds: Financing low carbon urban infrastructure. Changing Transport. https://changing-transport.org/green-bonds/
  • Freund, C. L., & Weinhold, D. (2004). The effect of the Internet on international trade. Journal of International Economics, 62(1), 171-189.
  • Gani, A. (2017). The logistics performance effect in international trade. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 33(4), 279-288.
  • Hansenová, H., Cempírek, V., & Novák, P. (2016). Transport and logistics and their influence on export costs.
  • Hausman, W. H., Lee, H. L., & Subramanian, U. (2005). Global logistics indicators, supply chain metrics, and bilateral trade patterns. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (3773).
  • Helpman, E., & Krugman, P. (1987). Market structure and foreign trade: Increasing returns, imperfect competition, and the international economy. MIT Press.
  • International Monetary Fund. (2025, October). Global financial stability report: Shifting ground beneath the calm. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/GFSR
  • Kheyirkhabarli, M. (2024). Trade facilitation and Global Value Chains harmony. Navigating the Future: Digitalization, Sustainability, and International Business, 62.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1979). Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade. Journal of International Economics, 9(4), 469-479.
  • Liu, L., & Nath, H. K. (2013). Information and communications technology and trade in emerging market economies. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(6), 67-87.
  • Luqman, M., Murtaza, G., & Nazir, R. (2021). How information and communication technologies affect intensive and extensive margins of firm exports: Evidence with micro data of South Asian manufacturing firms. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 26(2), 57-76.
  • Malyarets, L. M., Norik, L. A., Baliuk, Y. S., & Budarin, O. S. (2023). The Development of ExportImport Activity on the Basis of Information and Communication Technologies.
  • Meng, J., Ye, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). Financing and investing in sustainable infrastructure: A review and research agenda. Sustainable Futures, 8, 100312.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye. (2025). Türkiye’s connectivity and multilateral transportation policy. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye_s-multilateral-transportationpolicy.en.mfa
  • Mundonde, J., & Makoni, P. L. (2025). Bridging the green infrastructure gap: Determinants of renewable energy ppp financing in emerging and developing economies. Sustainability, 17(20), 9072.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023, September 1). Report on green, social and sustainability bonds issued by multilateral development banks and its use for infrastructure financing (DAF/CMF/AS(2023)3/REV2). https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/CMF/AS%282023%293/REV2/en/pdf
  • Information and Communication Technologies Export and Logistics in Türkiye Mustafa Ergün 261
  • Portugal-Perez, A., & Wilson, J. S. (2012). Export performance and trade facilitation reform: Hard and soft infrastructure. World development, 40(7), 1295-1307.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. (2025). T.C. Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı resmi web sitesi. https://www.uab.gov.tr/
  • TÜİK. (2025). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu veri portalı. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
  • UNCTAD. (n.d.). Digitalization of multimodal data and document exchange using UN standards: Electronic corridors. https://unctad.org/news/digitalization-multimodal-data-and-documentexchange-using-un-standards-electronic-corridors
  • Zerka, P., & Ghosh, S. (2025, March). Challenges and opportunities of green bonds for infrastructure financing (T20 Policy Brief TF5.2). Global Solutions Initiative. https://www.global-solutionsinitiative.org/wp content/uploads/2025/03/T20_PB_TF5_2_Challenges_and_Opportunities_of_Green_Bonds_for _Infrastructure_Financing.pdf

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 246 - 261, 27.10.2025

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Arvis, J. F., Ojala, L., Wiederer, C., Shepherd, B., Raj, A., Dairabayeva, K., & Kiiski, T. (2018). Connecting to compete 2018: Trade logistics in the global economy-The logistics performance index and its indicators (No. 128355).
  • Asian Development Bank Institute. (2023). Trade facilitation and global value chains in a post-pandemic world (ADBI Working Paper Series No. 1378). https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/881366/adbi-wp1378.pdf
  • Behar, A., Manners, P., & Nelson, B. D. (2013). Exports and international logistics. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 75(6), 855-886.
  • Climate Bonds Initiative. (2017). Green city bonds: Financing low carbon urban infrastructure. Changing Transport. https://changing-transport.org/green-bonds/
  • Freund, C. L., & Weinhold, D. (2004). The effect of the Internet on international trade. Journal of International Economics, 62(1), 171-189.
  • Gani, A. (2017). The logistics performance effect in international trade. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 33(4), 279-288.
  • Hansenová, H., Cempírek, V., & Novák, P. (2016). Transport and logistics and their influence on export costs.
  • Hausman, W. H., Lee, H. L., & Subramanian, U. (2005). Global logistics indicators, supply chain metrics, and bilateral trade patterns. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (3773).
  • Helpman, E., & Krugman, P. (1987). Market structure and foreign trade: Increasing returns, imperfect competition, and the international economy. MIT Press.
  • International Monetary Fund. (2025, October). Global financial stability report: Shifting ground beneath the calm. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/GFSR
  • Kheyirkhabarli, M. (2024). Trade facilitation and Global Value Chains harmony. Navigating the Future: Digitalization, Sustainability, and International Business, 62.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1979). Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade. Journal of International Economics, 9(4), 469-479.
  • Liu, L., & Nath, H. K. (2013). Information and communications technology and trade in emerging market economies. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(6), 67-87.
  • Luqman, M., Murtaza, G., & Nazir, R. (2021). How information and communication technologies affect intensive and extensive margins of firm exports: Evidence with micro data of South Asian manufacturing firms. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 26(2), 57-76.
  • Malyarets, L. M., Norik, L. A., Baliuk, Y. S., & Budarin, O. S. (2023). The Development of ExportImport Activity on the Basis of Information and Communication Technologies.
  • Meng, J., Ye, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). Financing and investing in sustainable infrastructure: A review and research agenda. Sustainable Futures, 8, 100312.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye. (2025). Türkiye’s connectivity and multilateral transportation policy. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye_s-multilateral-transportationpolicy.en.mfa
  • Mundonde, J., & Makoni, P. L. (2025). Bridging the green infrastructure gap: Determinants of renewable energy ppp financing in emerging and developing economies. Sustainability, 17(20), 9072.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023, September 1). Report on green, social and sustainability bonds issued by multilateral development banks and its use for infrastructure financing (DAF/CMF/AS(2023)3/REV2). https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/CMF/AS%282023%293/REV2/en/pdf
  • Information and Communication Technologies Export and Logistics in Türkiye Mustafa Ergün 261
  • Portugal-Perez, A., & Wilson, J. S. (2012). Export performance and trade facilitation reform: Hard and soft infrastructure. World development, 40(7), 1295-1307.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. (2025). T.C. Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı resmi web sitesi. https://www.uab.gov.tr/
  • TÜİK. (2025). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu veri portalı. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
  • UNCTAD. (n.d.). Digitalization of multimodal data and document exchange using UN standards: Electronic corridors. https://unctad.org/news/digitalization-multimodal-data-and-documentexchange-using-un-standards-electronic-corridors
  • Zerka, P., & Ghosh, S. (2025, March). Challenges and opportunities of green bonds for infrastructure financing (T20 Policy Brief TF5.2). Global Solutions Initiative. https://www.global-solutionsinitiative.org/wp content/uploads/2025/03/T20_PB_TF5_2_Challenges_and_Opportunities_of_Green_Bonds_for _Infrastructure_Financing.pdf
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dış Ticaret
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mustafa Ergün 0000-0003-1675-0802

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 21 Ekim 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ergün, M. (2025). The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(2), 246-261. https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649
AMA Ergün M. The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries. YSBD. Ekim 2025;15(2):246-261. doi:10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649
Chicago Ergün, Mustafa. “The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15, sy. 2 (Ekim 2025): 246-61. https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649.
EndNote Ergün M (01 Ekim 2025) The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15 2 246–261.
IEEE M. Ergün, “The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries”, YSBD, c. 15, sy. 2, ss. 246–261, 2025, doi: 10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649.
ISNAD Ergün, Mustafa. “The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 15/2 (Ekim2025), 246-261. https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649.
JAMA Ergün M. The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries. YSBD. 2025;15:246–261.
MLA Ergün, Mustafa. “The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries”. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 15, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 246-61, doi:10.17828/yalovasosbil.1763649.
Vancouver Ergün M. The Interaction Between Information Technology Exports and Logistics Infrastructure: An Assessment Focusing on Türkiye, Based on OECD Countries. YSBD. 2025;15(2):246-61.

                              

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