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Cerrahi Hemşireliği Eğitiminde Sanal Gerçeklik ve Simülasyon Kullanımı: Geleneksel Derleme

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1, 1 - 1, 26.01.2026

Öz

Gi̇ri̇ş: Sağlık eğitiminde teknolojik gelişmelere paralel olarak, öğretim yöntemlerinde yenilikçi yaklaşımlara duyulan ihtiyaç artmaktadır. Simülasyon, klinik senaryoların kontrollü bir ortamda yeniden canlandırılmasını sağlayarak öğrencilerin uygulama becerilerini geliştirmelerine olanak tanır. Sanal gerçeklik ise kullanıcıyı etkileşimli ve üç boyutlu bir ortama dahil eden, uygulamalı öğrenmeyi destekleyen bir teknolojidir. Özellikle cerrahi hemşireliği gibi teknik beceri gerektiren alanlarda bu yöntemler, öğrencilere güvenli ve etkili öğrenme fırsatları sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, cerrahi hemşireliği eğitiminde sanal gerçeklik ve simülasyon uygulamalarının eğitime olan katkılarını değerlendirmektir.
Materyal ve Metodlar: Bu çalışma, geleneksel derleme yöntemiyle tasarlanmıştır. Literatür taraması, 2013 2025 yılları arasında yayımlanmış ulusal ve uluslararası kaynakları kapsamaktadır. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect ve Google Scholar veri tabanlarında tarama yapılmış; “Cerrahi hemşireliği”, “perioperatif hemşirelik”, “ameliyathane hemşireliği”, “sanal gerçeklik”, “simülasyon eğitimi” ve “hemşirelik eğitimi” anahtar kelimeleri ile Boolean bağlaçları kullanılmıştır. Toplam 45 makale belirlenmiş, başlık ve özet incelemesiyle konu dışı ve tekrar edenler elenmiştir. Tam metin değerlendirmesi sonrası 12 makale dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar; randomize kontrollü (n=2), yarı deneysel (n=4), deneysel (n=3) ve derleme (n=3) türündedir. Dahil edilme kriterleri; cerrahi hemşireliği eğitiminde sanal gerçeklik veya simülasyon kullanımı, hemşirelik öğrencileri/öğreticileri ile ilgili olması ve tam metne erişilebilir olmasıdır. Dışlama kriterleri; cerrahi hemşireliği dışındaki konular, sanal gerçeklik/simülasyon içermeyenler ve tam metnine ulaşılamayan yayınlardır.
Bulgular: İncelenen literatürde, sanal gerçeklik ve simülasyon uygulamalarının cerrahi hemşireliği eğitiminde öğrenci becerilerini geliştirmede etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu teknolojilerin özellikle ameliyathane uygulamaları, postoperatif bakım, cerrahi set kullanımı, acil müdahale senaryoları ve anatomi öğretimi gibi alanlarda öğrencilerin klinik karar verme, uygulama güveni ve kavramsal anlama düzeylerini artırdığı görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Sanal gerçeklik ve simülasyon uygulamaları, cerrahi hemşireliği eğitiminde uygulama temelli öğrenmeyi destekleyerek öğrencilerin mesleki yeterliliklerini artırmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, bu teknolojilerin geleneksel yöntemleri tamamlayıcı nitelikte olduğunu göstermektedir

Kaynakça

  • 1. Foronda C, Godsall L, Trybulski J; Virtual clinical simulation: The state of the science. Clin Simul Nurs 2013;9(8):e279–86.
  • 2. Padilha JM, Machado PP, Ribeiro A, Ramos J, Costa P; Clinical Virtual Simulation in Nursing Education: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2019;21(3):e11529.
  • 3. Aebersold M, Tschannen D; Simulation in nursing practice: the impact on patient care. Online J Issues Nurs 2013;18(2):6.
  • 4. Menon SS; ARiSE: Augmented reality in surgery and education (Doctoral dissertation). Wright State Univ 2021.
  • 5. Ichihara K, Kitagawa M, Uemura T, Tachibana R, ve ark; Leveraging virtual reality for advanced scrub nurse education: A non-randomized comparative study of training effectiveness. Clin Simul Nurs 2025;98:101662.
  • 6. Tolarba JEL; Virtual simulation in nursing education: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Educ 2021;13(3):48–54.
  • 7. Hannans JA, Nevins CM, Jordan K; See it, hear it, feel it: Embodying a patient experience through immersive virtual reality. Inf Learn Sci 2021;122(7/8):565–83.
  • 8. Arici Parlak E, Ayhan H, Erer I, Iyigun E; The effect of virtual reality-based operating room tour on nursing students’ anxiety, stress and self-confidence levels in an operating room setting: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract 2025;85:104380.
  • 9. Kim HY; Development and usability assessment of virtual reality- and haptic technology-based educational content for perioperative nursing education. Healthcare (Basel) 2024;12(19):1947.
  • 10. Güngör S, Yava A, Koyuncu A; Designing and implementing a training program on surgical hand scrubbing, wearing surgical cap and surgical mask, gowning, and gloving using HMD-based virtual reality technologies for nursing students: An exploration of student perceptions. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024;11:1364465.
  • 11. Koivisto JM, Buure T, Engblom J, Rosqvist K, Haavisto E; Association between game metrics in a simulation game and nursing students’ surgical nursing knowledge: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Nurs 2024;23:16.
  • 12. Ma L, Yan R, Wang X, Gao X, ve ark; Enhancing surgical nursing student performance: Comparative study of simulation-based learning and problembased learning. J Multidiscip Healthc 2025;18:991–1005.

Use of Virtual Reality and Simulation in Surgical Nursing Education: A Traditional Review

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1, 1 - 1, 26.01.2026

Öz

Introduction: The need for innovative teaching methods is increasing in parallel with technological developments in health education. Simulation allows students to improve their practical skills by re-enacting clinical scenarios in a controlled environment. Virtual reality (VR) technology includes the user in an interactive, three-dimensional environment and supports applied learning. Especially in areas that require technical skills, such as surgical nursing, these methods provide students with safe and effective learning opportunities. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of VR and simulation applications to education in surgical nursing education.
Material and Methods: This study is designed as a traditional review. The literature search covered national and international sources published between 2013 and 2025. PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases were searched and Boolean conjunctions were used with the keywords “surgical nursing”, “perioperative nursing”, “operating room nursing”, “virtual reality”, “simulation training” and “nursing education”. A total of 45 articles were identified, and those that were off-topic and repetitive
were eliminated by title and abstract review. After full text evaluation, 12 articles were included. These studies were randomized controlled (n=2), quasi-experimental (n=4), experimental (n=3) and review (n=3). Inclusion criteria; use of VR or simulation in surgical nursing education, relevance to nursing students/teachers, and accessibility of full text. Exclusion criteria; topics other than surgical nursing, not involving virtual reality/simulation, and publications for which full text was not available.
Results: In the reviewed literature, VR and simulation applications effectively improved student skills in surgical nursing education. These technologies were found to increase students, clinical decision-making, practice confidence, and conceptual understanding levels, especially in operating room practices, postoperative care, surgical set use, emergency intervention scenarios, and anatomy teaching.
Conclusion: VR and simulation applications increase students professional competencies by supporting practice-based learning in surgical nursing education. The findings show that these technologies are complementary to traditional methods.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Foronda C, Godsall L, Trybulski J; Virtual clinical simulation: The state of the science. Clin Simul Nurs 2013;9(8):e279–86.
  • 2. Padilha JM, Machado PP, Ribeiro A, Ramos J, Costa P; Clinical Virtual Simulation in Nursing Education: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2019;21(3):e11529.
  • 3. Aebersold M, Tschannen D; Simulation in nursing practice: the impact on patient care. Online J Issues Nurs 2013;18(2):6.
  • 4. Menon SS; ARiSE: Augmented reality in surgery and education (Doctoral dissertation). Wright State Univ 2021.
  • 5. Ichihara K, Kitagawa M, Uemura T, Tachibana R, ve ark; Leveraging virtual reality for advanced scrub nurse education: A non-randomized comparative study of training effectiveness. Clin Simul Nurs 2025;98:101662.
  • 6. Tolarba JEL; Virtual simulation in nursing education: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Educ 2021;13(3):48–54.
  • 7. Hannans JA, Nevins CM, Jordan K; See it, hear it, feel it: Embodying a patient experience through immersive virtual reality. Inf Learn Sci 2021;122(7/8):565–83.
  • 8. Arici Parlak E, Ayhan H, Erer I, Iyigun E; The effect of virtual reality-based operating room tour on nursing students’ anxiety, stress and self-confidence levels in an operating room setting: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract 2025;85:104380.
  • 9. Kim HY; Development and usability assessment of virtual reality- and haptic technology-based educational content for perioperative nursing education. Healthcare (Basel) 2024;12(19):1947.
  • 10. Güngör S, Yava A, Koyuncu A; Designing and implementing a training program on surgical hand scrubbing, wearing surgical cap and surgical mask, gowning, and gloving using HMD-based virtual reality technologies for nursing students: An exploration of student perceptions. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024;11:1364465.
  • 11. Koivisto JM, Buure T, Engblom J, Rosqvist K, Haavisto E; Association between game metrics in a simulation game and nursing students’ surgical nursing knowledge: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Nurs 2024;23:16.
  • 12. Ma L, Yan R, Wang X, Gao X, ve ark; Enhancing surgical nursing student performance: Comparative study of simulation-based learning and problembased learning. J Multidiscip Healthc 2025;18:991–1005.
Toplam 12 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Cerrahi Hastalıklar Hemşireliği
Bölüm Konferans Bildirisi
Yazarlar

Hamide Nur Erkan 0000-0002-6686-0658

Şeyma Zeyrek Kurtoğlu 0000-0003-0230-5599

Semra Eyi 0000-0003-0680-1063

Özlem Kersu 0000-0003-3592-2892

Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Ocak 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA 1.Erkan HN, Zeyrek Kurtoğlu Ş, Eyi S, Kersu Ö. Cerrahi Hemşireliği Eğitiminde Sanal Gerçeklik ve Simülasyon Kullanımı: Geleneksel Derleme. YIU Saglik Bil Derg. 2026;6(Ek Sayı 1):1-1. https://izlik.org/JA82FE37GD