Üniversitelerin Lisans Programlarında Uygulanan Çekirdek Programların Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 264 - 281, 24.12.2018

Elif İlhan , Nurdan Kalaycı

https://doi.org/10.2399/yod.18.014

Cited By: 4

Öz

Bu araştırmada, üniversitelerin lisans programlarında uygulanan çekirdek programlar değerlendirilmiş ve çekirdek programın etkili bir şekilde geliştirilip uygulanmasına ilişkin öneriler belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, tarama modelindedir ve nitel araştırmalardan durum çalışması özelliği göstermektedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Türkiye'de üç farklı vakıf üniversitesinde çekirdek program kapsamında dersler vermiş/vermekte olan toplam 37 öğretim elemanı oluşturmaktadır. Görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemi ve bazı betimsel (tanımlayıcı) istatistikler ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, öğretim elemanları üniversitelerinde uygulanmakta olan çekirdek programın, öğrencilerin temel beceri alanlarında gelişimlerini desteklediğini, buna karşılık, temel bilgi alanlarındaki gelişimlerini desteklemediğini belirtmişlerdir. Aynı zamanda çekirdek programın; öğrencilerin akademik, mesleki ve sosyal-kişisel amaçlarını gerçekleştirmelerine de katkı sağladığını ifade etmişlerdir. Öğretim elemanları, programın içeriğinin, programın amacıyla örtüşen, öğrenciye uygun, aktarılabilir ve disiplinlerarası özelliklere sahip olduğunu açıklamışlardır. Öğretim elemanları tarafından programın eğitim durumu boyutuna ilişkin, derslerde çoğunlukla sunuş yoluyla nadiren araştırma-inceleme ve buluş yoluyla öğretim stratejilerinin uygulandığı ifade edilmiştir. Değerlendirme boyutunda ise çoğunlukla kâğıt-kalem testlerinin kullanıldığı, süreç ve performans değerlendirmesinin daha az yapıldığı açıklanmıştır. Son olarak, öğretim elemanları özellikle eğitim durumu ve içerik boyutlarına odaklanarak bu programın etkili bir şekilde geliştirilip uygulanmasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunmuşlardır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, değerlendirilen çekirdek programların eğitim durumunda öğrencilerin aktif öğrenmelerini destekleyecek strateji/yöntem/tekniklerin uygulanması ve değerlendirme boyutunda alternatif ölçme araçlarının kullanılması öneriler arasındadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eğitim programı, çekirdek program, yükseköğretimde program değerlendirme, yükseköğretimde program geliştirme

Evaluating core curricula implemented at undergraduate programs of universities

Öz

Core curricula implemented at undergraduate programs of universities were evaluated and suggestions made in order to implement the curricula in an effective way were examined in that study. The study model is survey and it is a qualitative case study. The study group consisted of a total of thirty-seven academicians who have given/been giving core courses at three different foundation universities in Turkey. The data obtained from interviews was analyzed via content analysis and some basic descriptive analysis. According to findings of the study, the academicians stated that the core curricula, which were evaluated via views of the academicians, supported students' progress in core skills, but not in core knowledge areas. As they indicated, core curriculum sustained academic, professional and social-individual aims of the students. Based on their opinions, it can be said the content had the features like suitability with aims, student-appropriateness, and transferability, interdisciplinary. The academicians also stated that at learning experiences of core curricula, expository teaching strategy was mostly applied while research and discovery learning strategies were rarely used. For the evaluation of core curricula, they explained that paper and pencil exams were mostly used, but process and performance evaluation were less frequently implemented. Lastly, the academicians made some suggestions focusing on the learning experiences and content of the core curricula. Based on the results of the study, it can be suggested that on the learning experiences of the evaluated core curricula, various strategies/methods/techniques which enhance students' active learning should be applied and on the evaluation, alternative assessment tools should be used.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Core curriculum, curriculum, curriculum development in higher education, curriculum evaluation in higher education

Kaynakça

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