SARS-Corona Virüsüne Genel Bakış

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 32 - 39, 02.05.2019

Büşra Yücel Arzu Ala Görmez

Öz

Sars-Corona Virüsü (SARS-CoV), Mart 2003
yılında ilk kez Çin’de görülen ve şiddetli akut solunum yetmezliğine neden olan
bir koronavirüstür. İnsanlarda enfeksiyonlara neden olan korona virüsler Alfa ve
Beta korona virüs cinsleri içerisinde yer almakta ve özellikle hayvanlardan insanlara bulaşarak, enfekte ettiği
kişilerde yüksek ateş, öksürük, kas ağrısı, ishal, zor nefes alma şeklinde semptomlara neden olmaktadır.
Virüs özellikle yakın temas sonucunda epidemik salgınlar oluşturabilmektedir. Bu
nedenle enfeksiyondan korunmak için koruyucu tedbirler büyük önem arz etmektedir.
SARS-CoV insan ve hayvanlarda epitel hücreler, lökositler ve tümör hücreleri gibi
çeşitli dokularda bulunan ve hücre yüzeyinde sergilenen bir adhezyon molekülü olarak
bilinen CEACAM1 (Carcino embryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1) reseptörlerine
bağlanarak hücreye giriş yapmakta ve akabinde hücre içerisinde S (Spike), E (Zarf)
, M (Membran), N (Nükleokapsid) gibi yapısal proteinleri ve yardımcı proteinleri
aracılığıyla yeni virüs partikülleri oluşturulmaktadır.
Konak hücre içerisinde oluşturulan virüs, ekzositoz yoluyla konakçıdan dışarı salınarak
yeni enfeksiyonlara neden olmaktadır. Virüsün teşhisinde çeşitli immünolojik testler
ve spesifik genleri hedef alarak yapılan PCR çalışmaları büyük önem arz etmektedir.
Son yıllarda SARS-CoV salgınları görülmediğinden tedavi amaçlı spesifik ilaçlar
ve aşılar ile ilgili çalışmalar azalsa da virüs salgınlarının yeniden oluşabileceği
göz önüne alınarak ihmal edilmemesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

SARS-CoV, epidemi, patogenez

SARS-Corona Virus Overview

Öz

Sars-Corona Virus (SARS-CoV) is a coronavirus that was first seen in

China in February 2003 and causes severe acute respiratory failure.

Corona viruses that cause infections in humans are found in Alfa and Beta

corona viruses and cause symptoms such as high fever, cough, muscle

aches, diarrhea and difficult breathing in infected people, especially when

infected by animals. The virus can create epidemic outbreaks, especially

as a result of close contact and for this reason, it is of great importance to

take preventive precautions to protect against infectious diseases.

Especially close contact with the virus can lead to epidemic outbreaks,

and protective measures are therefore of great importance to protect

against infections. SARS-CoV enters cells by binding to CEACAM1

(carcino embryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1) receptors

known as an adhesion molecule displayed in various tissues such as

epithelial cells, leukocytes and tumor cells in humans and animals and

then new virus particles are formed by helper proteins and structural

proteins such as S (Spike), E (Envelope), M (Membrane), N

(Nucleocapsid) in the cell. Virus formed in the host cell is released from

the host via exocytosis, causing new infections. In the diagnosis of the

virus, various immunological tests and PCR studies targeting specific

genes are of great importance. Since SARS-CoV outbreaks have not been

observed in recent years, studies on specific medicines and vaccines for

treatment should not be avoided, even though virus epidemics may recur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

SARS-CoV, Epidemic, Patogenesis, ORF

Kaynakça

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