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MAHKÛM İKİLEMİ OYUNUNU PREBİSCH-SİNGER HİPOTEZİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE YENİDEN DÜŞÜNMEK

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 163 - 178, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.463282

Öz

Son yıllarda Ortodoks
iktisat teorilerinin varsayımlarına ilişkin yapılan eleştirilerin artması,
heterodoks iktisat teorileri üreten çalışmalara olan ilgiyi arttırmıştır.
  Bu bağlamda heterodoks iktisat, ortodoks iktisadın
varsayımlarını eleştirerek, bu varsayımların önem arz ettiği uluslararası
iktisat teorileri gibi alanlarda yeni çalışmalar üretmiştir. Heterodoks iktisat
kapsamındaki bu teoriler, esnek varsayımlara uyarlanabilme ve kesinlik içermeme
özelliklerinden dolayı ağ modelleri ve ajan-temelli modelleme gibi
hesaplanabilir yöntemlerle analiz edilmeye uygun bulunmaktadır. Bu noktada oyun
teorisi de tek başına veya sözü edilen analiz yöntemlerine yardımcı olarak
kullanılabilecek yöntemlerden birisidir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, heterodoks iktisadın esnek
varsayımlarının uyarlanabileceği esnek yapıda ampirik analiz yöntemlerinin
gelişmesine katkıda bulunmaktır.
Bu amaçla, evrimsel oyun teorisi ve davranışsal
oyun teorisi gibi yeni heterodoks iktisat okullarının gelişmesi ile ortodoks
iktisadın varsayımlarından arındırılan oyun teorisi araç olarak
kullanılacaktır. Bu çalışma kapsamında yapılacak uygulamada uluslararası
ticaretin ifadesinde kullanılan mahkûm ikilemi oyunu kazanç matrisi
Prebisch-Singer hipotezinin iddiasına göre yeniden düzenlenecektir. Böylece
heterodoks iktisat teorileri için yeni geliştirilecek ampirik analizlerde
kullanılacak hesaplanabilir yöntemler için bir davranış kuralı olarak oyun
teorisinden daha geniş biçimde nasıl yararlanılabileceği de gösterilmiş
olacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, J. M. (2007) "The Structural Evolution of Morality", New York, Cambridge University Press.
  • Al-Suwailem, S. (2012) "Complexity and Endogenous Instability", Research in International Business and Finance Elsevier 30, 393-410.
  • Arrighi, G., Silver, B. J., and Brewer, B. D. (2003, Spring) "Industrial Convergence, Globalization and the Persistence of the North-South Divide", Studies in Comparative International Development, 3-31.
  • Aslan, N., and Yörük, D. (2008) "Teoride ve Uygulamada Dış Ticaret Hadleri ve Kalkınma İlişkisi [The Relation of Foreign Trade Terms and Development in Theory and Practice]", Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 25(2), 33-69.
  • Birol, Ö., and Gencer, A. (2014) "Neo-Klasik İktisat ve Neo-Klasik Sentez [Neo-Classical Economics and Neo-Classıcal Synthesis]", Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(1), 259-280.
  • Bunzel, H., and Vogelsang, T. J. (2005) "Powerful Trend Fuction Tests that are Robust to Strong Serial Correlation with an Application to the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis", Journal of Business and Economic Statistics (23), 381-394.
  • Colander, D., Holt, R., and Rosser, B. (2003) "The Changing Face of Mainstream Economics", Middleburry College Economics Discussion Paper (03-27).
  • Conybeare, J. A. (1984) "Public Goods, Prisoner's Dilemma and the International Political Economy", International Studies Quarterly, 28(5), 5-22.
  • Conybeare, J. A. (1987) "Trade Wars", New York, Colombia University Press.
  • Cyper, J. M., and Dietz, J. L. (2009) "The Process of Economic Development", New York, Routledge.
  • Davis, J. B. (2006) "The Nature of Heterodox Economics", Post-Autistic Economics Review (40), 23-30.
  • Eren, E. (2013, February) "Kompleksite İktisadi ve Ajan Temelli Modelleme: Metodolojik Bir Yaklaşım [Complexity Economics and Agent-Based Modeling: A Methodological Approach]", Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni (3).
  • Flood, M. M. (1952) "Some Experimental Games", Santa Monica, California, Rand Cooperation.
  • Ganjali, N., and Güney, C. (14-15 October 2017) "GIS and Game Theory for Water Resource Management", International GeoAdvances Workshop, Volume IV-4/W4. Safranbolu, Karabuk, Turkey.
  • Ghoshray, A. (2011) "A Reexamination of Trends in Primary Commodity Prices", Journal of Development Economics (95), 242-251.
  • Güngör, K. (2004) "İktisadın Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış ve Merkantilizmden Günümüze İktisadi Düşünceler [A Brief Look at the History of Economics and Economic Thoughts from Mercantilism to Present]", http://kisi.deu.edu.tr/asuman.altay/%C4%B0KT%C4%B0SADIN%20TAR%C4%B0H%C4%B0NE%20KISA%20B%C4%B0R%20BAKI%C5%9E%20VE%20MERKANT%C4%B0L%C4%B0ZMDEN%20G%C3%9CN%C3%9CM%C3%9CZE%20%C4%B0KT%C4%B0SAD%C4%B0%20D%C3%9C%C5%9E%C3%9CNCELER.pdf (24.05.2018).
  • Harvey, D. I., Kellard, N. M., Madsen, J. B., and Wohar, M. E. (2010) "The Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis: Four Centuries of Evidence" Review of Economics and Statistics (92), 367-377.
  • Kay, C. (2011) "Latin American Theories of Development and Underdevelopment", New York, Routledge.
  • Kim, T.-H., Pfaffenzeller, S., Rayner, T., and Newbold, P. (2003) "Testing for Linear Trend, with Application to Relative Primary Commodity Prices" Journal of Time Series Analysis (24), 539-551.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1987) "Is Free Trade Passe?", Economic Perspectives, 1(2), 131-144.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1991, November/December) "The Mode Toward Free Trade Zones", Economic Review, 5-25.
  • Lawson, T. (2006) "The Nature of Heterodox Economics" Cambridge Journal of Economics (30), 483-505.
  • Lee, S.-H., Park, H.-S., and Cho, S.-B. (18-23 July, 2010) "Emprical Analysis of International Trade Market Using Evolutionary Multi-Agent Modelig with Game Theory", IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Spain: Centre Convencions Internacional Barcelona.
  • Montgomery, M. R. (1999) "Complexity Theory: An "Austrian" Perspective" D. Colander (Eds.) Complexity and the History of Economics (p. 227-240), London, Routledge.
  • Moradi, M., Delavar, M. R., and Moshiri, B. (2017) "A GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Analysis Model for Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment Using Choquet Integral and Game Theory", Nat Hazards (87), 1377-1398.
  • Nowak, M. A., and Sigmund, K. (2000) "Games on Grids" U. Dieckmann, R. Law, and J. A. Metz (Eds) The Geometry of Ecological Interactions: Simplifying Spatial Complexity (s. 135-153), U.S.A., Cambridge University Press.
  • Prebisch, R. (1950) "The Economic Development of Latin America and Its Principle Problems" United Nations Department of Economic Affairs, Lake Success, New York, United Nations.
  • Sarkar, P., and Singer, H. (1991) "Manufactured Exports of Developing Countries and Their Terms of Trade Since 1965", World Development, 19(4), 333-340.
  • Singer, H. W. (1949) "Economic Progress in Underdeveloped Countries", Social Research, 16(1), 1-11.
  • Taşçı, H. M., and Erçakar, M. E. (2016) "Prebisch-Singer Tezinin Dış Ticaret Hadleri Aracılığıyla Türkiye için Test Edilmesi [Testing the Prebisch-Singer Thesis through Foreign Trade Terms for Turkey]", Yönetim ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 14(2), 232-249.
  • Van Den Berg, H. (2015) "International Economics: A Heterodox Approach.", New York, Routledge.
  • Witkowska, E. A. (2016) "Reconsideration of the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis" Real-World Economics Review (42), 95-108.
  • Yamada, H., and Yoon, G. (2014) "When Grilli and Yang Meet Prebisch and Singer: Piecewise Linear Trends in Primary Commodity" Journal of International Money and Finance (42), 193-207.
  • Yeldan, E. (2005)." "Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomisi" Olarak Türkiye [Turkey as an "Emerging Market Economy"]", http://yeldane.bilkent.edu.tr/ Yeldan14_ 2Mar05.pdf (23.06.2016).

RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 163 - 178, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.463282

Öz



In recent years, the increasing criticism of the
assumptions of Orthodox economic theories has increased the interest in studies
that produce heterodox economics theories. In this context, by criticizing the
assumptions of orthodox economics, heterodox economics has produced new studies
in areas such as international economic theories in which these assumptions are
essential. These theories within heterodox economics are appropriate to be
analyzed with computable methods such as network models and agent-based
modeling because of their features of being adaptable to flexible assumptions
and not including certainty. At this point, game theory is one of the methods
that can be used alone or as an aid to the analysis methods mentioned. This
study aims to contribute to the development of empirical analysis methods in a
flexible structure in which the flexible assumptions of heterodox economics can
be adapted. For this purpose, the game theory, which is purified from the
assumptions of orthodox economics theories with the development of new
Heterodox economics schools, such as the evolutionary game theory and
behavioral game theory, will be used as a tool.
 
In the context of this study, "the prisoner's dilemma game gain matrix,"
which is used for the expression of international trade in the practice to be
performed, will be rearranged according to the claim of the Prebisch-Singer
hypothesis. By this means, it will
also be
shown how to utilize game theory more broadly as a behavioral rule for
computational methods in newly developed empirical analyses for heterodox
economics theories.


Kaynakça

  • Alexander, J. M. (2007) "The Structural Evolution of Morality", New York, Cambridge University Press.
  • Al-Suwailem, S. (2012) "Complexity and Endogenous Instability", Research in International Business and Finance Elsevier 30, 393-410.
  • Arrighi, G., Silver, B. J., and Brewer, B. D. (2003, Spring) "Industrial Convergence, Globalization and the Persistence of the North-South Divide", Studies in Comparative International Development, 3-31.
  • Aslan, N., and Yörük, D. (2008) "Teoride ve Uygulamada Dış Ticaret Hadleri ve Kalkınma İlişkisi [The Relation of Foreign Trade Terms and Development in Theory and Practice]", Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 25(2), 33-69.
  • Birol, Ö., and Gencer, A. (2014) "Neo-Klasik İktisat ve Neo-Klasik Sentez [Neo-Classical Economics and Neo-Classıcal Synthesis]", Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(1), 259-280.
  • Bunzel, H., and Vogelsang, T. J. (2005) "Powerful Trend Fuction Tests that are Robust to Strong Serial Correlation with an Application to the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis", Journal of Business and Economic Statistics (23), 381-394.
  • Colander, D., Holt, R., and Rosser, B. (2003) "The Changing Face of Mainstream Economics", Middleburry College Economics Discussion Paper (03-27).
  • Conybeare, J. A. (1984) "Public Goods, Prisoner's Dilemma and the International Political Economy", International Studies Quarterly, 28(5), 5-22.
  • Conybeare, J. A. (1987) "Trade Wars", New York, Colombia University Press.
  • Cyper, J. M., and Dietz, J. L. (2009) "The Process of Economic Development", New York, Routledge.
  • Davis, J. B. (2006) "The Nature of Heterodox Economics", Post-Autistic Economics Review (40), 23-30.
  • Eren, E. (2013, February) "Kompleksite İktisadi ve Ajan Temelli Modelleme: Metodolojik Bir Yaklaşım [Complexity Economics and Agent-Based Modeling: A Methodological Approach]", Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni (3).
  • Flood, M. M. (1952) "Some Experimental Games", Santa Monica, California, Rand Cooperation.
  • Ganjali, N., and Güney, C. (14-15 October 2017) "GIS and Game Theory for Water Resource Management", International GeoAdvances Workshop, Volume IV-4/W4. Safranbolu, Karabuk, Turkey.
  • Ghoshray, A. (2011) "A Reexamination of Trends in Primary Commodity Prices", Journal of Development Economics (95), 242-251.
  • Güngör, K. (2004) "İktisadın Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış ve Merkantilizmden Günümüze İktisadi Düşünceler [A Brief Look at the History of Economics and Economic Thoughts from Mercantilism to Present]", http://kisi.deu.edu.tr/asuman.altay/%C4%B0KT%C4%B0SADIN%20TAR%C4%B0H%C4%B0NE%20KISA%20B%C4%B0R%20BAKI%C5%9E%20VE%20MERKANT%C4%B0L%C4%B0ZMDEN%20G%C3%9CN%C3%9CM%C3%9CZE%20%C4%B0KT%C4%B0SAD%C4%B0%20D%C3%9C%C5%9E%C3%9CNCELER.pdf (24.05.2018).
  • Harvey, D. I., Kellard, N. M., Madsen, J. B., and Wohar, M. E. (2010) "The Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis: Four Centuries of Evidence" Review of Economics and Statistics (92), 367-377.
  • Kay, C. (2011) "Latin American Theories of Development and Underdevelopment", New York, Routledge.
  • Kim, T.-H., Pfaffenzeller, S., Rayner, T., and Newbold, P. (2003) "Testing for Linear Trend, with Application to Relative Primary Commodity Prices" Journal of Time Series Analysis (24), 539-551.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1987) "Is Free Trade Passe?", Economic Perspectives, 1(2), 131-144.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1991, November/December) "The Mode Toward Free Trade Zones", Economic Review, 5-25.
  • Lawson, T. (2006) "The Nature of Heterodox Economics" Cambridge Journal of Economics (30), 483-505.
  • Lee, S.-H., Park, H.-S., and Cho, S.-B. (18-23 July, 2010) "Emprical Analysis of International Trade Market Using Evolutionary Multi-Agent Modelig with Game Theory", IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Spain: Centre Convencions Internacional Barcelona.
  • Montgomery, M. R. (1999) "Complexity Theory: An "Austrian" Perspective" D. Colander (Eds.) Complexity and the History of Economics (p. 227-240), London, Routledge.
  • Moradi, M., Delavar, M. R., and Moshiri, B. (2017) "A GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Analysis Model for Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment Using Choquet Integral and Game Theory", Nat Hazards (87), 1377-1398.
  • Nowak, M. A., and Sigmund, K. (2000) "Games on Grids" U. Dieckmann, R. Law, and J. A. Metz (Eds) The Geometry of Ecological Interactions: Simplifying Spatial Complexity (s. 135-153), U.S.A., Cambridge University Press.
  • Prebisch, R. (1950) "The Economic Development of Latin America and Its Principle Problems" United Nations Department of Economic Affairs, Lake Success, New York, United Nations.
  • Sarkar, P., and Singer, H. (1991) "Manufactured Exports of Developing Countries and Their Terms of Trade Since 1965", World Development, 19(4), 333-340.
  • Singer, H. W. (1949) "Economic Progress in Underdeveloped Countries", Social Research, 16(1), 1-11.
  • Taşçı, H. M., and Erçakar, M. E. (2016) "Prebisch-Singer Tezinin Dış Ticaret Hadleri Aracılığıyla Türkiye için Test Edilmesi [Testing the Prebisch-Singer Thesis through Foreign Trade Terms for Turkey]", Yönetim ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 14(2), 232-249.
  • Van Den Berg, H. (2015) "International Economics: A Heterodox Approach.", New York, Routledge.
  • Witkowska, E. A. (2016) "Reconsideration of the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis" Real-World Economics Review (42), 95-108.
  • Yamada, H., and Yoon, G. (2014) "When Grilli and Yang Meet Prebisch and Singer: Piecewise Linear Trends in Primary Commodity" Journal of International Money and Finance (42), 193-207.
  • Yeldan, E. (2005)." "Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomisi" Olarak Türkiye [Turkey as an "Emerging Market Economy"]", http://yeldane.bilkent.edu.tr/ Yeldan14_ 2Mar05.pdf (23.06.2016).
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayça Özekin 0000-0002-0566-7168

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özekin, A. (2019). RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS. Journal of Management and Economics Research, 17(1), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.463282
AMA Özekin A. RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS. Journal of Management and Economics Research. Mart 2019;17(1):163-178. doi:10.11611/yead.463282
Chicago Özekin, Ayça. “RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS”. Journal of Management and Economics Research 17, sy. 1 (Mart 2019): 163-78. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.463282.
EndNote Özekin A (01 Mart 2019) RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS. Journal of Management and Economics Research 17 1 163–178.
IEEE A. Özekin, “RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS”, Journal of Management and Economics Research, c. 17, sy. 1, ss. 163–178, 2019, doi: 10.11611/yead.463282.
ISNAD Özekin, Ayça. “RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS”. Journal of Management and Economics Research 17/1 (Mart 2019), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.463282.
JAMA Özekin A. RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS. Journal of Management and Economics Research. 2019;17:163–178.
MLA Özekin, Ayça. “RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS”. Journal of Management and Economics Research, c. 17, sy. 1, 2019, ss. 163-78, doi:10.11611/yead.463282.
Vancouver Özekin A. RETHINKING THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PREBISCH-SINGER HYPOTHESIS. Journal of Management and Economics Research. 2019;17(1):163-78.