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Muş İlindeki Bazı Meraların Nematod Fauna Yapısının İncelenmesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 197 - 203, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.282164

Öz

Çalışma Muş ilinde bazı meralarda nematod fauna
yapısını incelemek üzere 2015 yılında yürütülmüştür. Muş-Bingöl karayolu
üzerinde bulunan meralardan her 5 km’de bir durularak toprak örnekleri
alınmıştır.
 Toprak örneklerinden
nematodların elde edilmesi için Petri kabı yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada
nematod faunasına ilişkin 27 cins ve bir tür tespit edilmiş olup, bunlardan 8
cins bitki paraziti, 9 cins bakterivor, 4 cins fungivor, 1 cins predatör ve 5
cins omnivor gruba ait nematodlardan oluşmaktadır. Bitki paraziti nematodlardan
Helicotylenchus, Tylenchus, Pratylenchus ve Merlinius cinsleri;
bakterivorlardan Acrobeloides, Cephalobus ve Monhystera;
fungivorlardan Ditylenchus, Tylencholaimus ve Aphelenchus;
predatörlerden sadece Mononchus; omnivorlardan ise Prodorylaimus
ve Aporcelaimellus cinslerinin ön planda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Trofik
gruplardan bitki paraziti nematodların faunadaki oranı %32, bakterivorların
%33, fungivorların %32, predatör ve omnivorların oranı ise %29 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Trofik grupların dağılımının birbirine yakın değerler aldığı
görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, çalışma alanındaki bitki paraziti nematodların
çeşitlilik ve yoğunluklarının yüksek olmadığı ve serbest yaşayan nematodların
ise orta seviyede bir yapıya sahip oldukları söylenebilir. 

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2016a). Muş il valiliği verileri. Erişim tarihi 14.12.2016.
  • Anonim (2016b). Muş meteoroloji il müdürlüğü kayıtları. Erişim tarihi: 05.11.2016.
  • Anonim (2016c). Muş il gıda tarım ve hayvancılık müdürlüğü kayıtları. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2016.
  • Berkelmans R, Ferris H, Tenuta M, Van Bruggen A H C (2003). Effects of long-term crop management on nematode trophic levels other than plant feeders disappear after 1 year of disruptive soil management. Applied Soil Ecology, 23(3), 223-235.
  • Bongers T, Yeates GW (1988). Report on a workshop: Nematodes in natural systems; the use of nematodes in environmental studies. Pedobiologia 32:88.
  • Bongers T (1990). The maturity index: An acological measure of an environmental disturbance based on nematode species composition. Oecologia, 83: 14-19.
  • Bongers T, Ferris H (1999). Nematode community structure as a bioindicator in environmental monitoring. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14(6), 224-228.
  • Cesarz, S, Reich P B, Scheu S, Ruess L, Schaefer M, Eisenhauer N. (2015). Nematode functional guilds, not trophic groups, reflect shifts in soil food webs and processes in response to interacting global change factors. Pedobiologia, 58(1), 23-32.
  • De Deyn, G B, Raaijmakers C E, Zoomer, H R, Berg M P, de Ruiter P C, Verhoef H A, ... & van der Putten, W. H. (2003). Soil invertebrate fauna enhances grassland succession and diversity. Nature, 422: (6933), 711-713.
  • Ferris H, Bongers T,. de Goede R G M (2001). A framework for soil food web diagnostics: Extension of the nematode faunal analysis concept. Applied Soil Ecology 18: 13–29.
  • Ferris H, Bongers T (2006). Nematode indicators of organic enrichment. Journal of Nematology, 38:1, 3–12.
  • Freckman D W, Caswell EP (1985). The ecology of nematodes in agroecosystems. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 23:275–96
  • Hopper B E (1958). Plant-parasitic nematodes in the soils of southern forest nurseries. Plant Disease Reporter, 42(3), 308-14.
  • Li Y, Wu J, Chen H, Chen, J (2005). [Nematodes as bioindicator of soil health: methods and applications]. Ying yong sheng tai xue bao= The journal of applied ecology/Zhongguo sheng tai xue xue hui, Zhongguo ke xue yuan Shenyang ying yong sheng tai yan jiu suo zhu ban, 16(8), 1541-1546.
  • McSorley R, Frederick J J (1999). Nematode population fluctuations during decomposition of specific organic amendments. Journal of Nematology, 31(1), 37.
  • Neher D A (2001). Role of nematodes in soil health and their use as indicators. J Nematol 33:161–168
  • Neher D A, Wu J, Barbercheck M E, Anas O (2005). Ecosystem type affects interpretation of soil nematode community measures. Applied Soil Ecology, 30(1), 47-64.
  • Neher, D A (2010). Ecology of plant and free-living nematodes in natural and agricultural soil. Phytopathology, 48: 371-394.
  • Parmelee R W, Alston D G (1986). Nematode trophic structure in conventional and no-tillage agroecosystems. Journal of Nematology, 18(3), 403.
  • Popovici I, Ciobanu M (2000). Diversity and distribution of nematode communities in grasslands from Romania in relation to vegetation and soil characteristics. Applied Soil Ecology, 14(1), 27-36.
  • Sarathchandra S U, Ghani A, Yeates, G W, Burch G, Cox N R (2001). Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers on microbial and nematode diversity in pasture soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(7), 953-964.
  • Tenuta M, Ferris H (2004). Sensitivity of nematode life-history groups to ions and osmotic tensions of nitrogenous solutions. Journal of nematology, 36(1), 85.
  • Watson R N, Mercer C F (2000). Pasture nematodes: the major scourge of white clover. In Proceedings of the Conference-New Zealand Grassland Association (pp. 195-200).
  • Wasilewska L (1994). The effect of age of meadows on succession and diversity in soil nematode communities. Pedobiologia, 38: 1–11.
  • Wasilewska L (1999). Soil nematode response to root production in grasslands on fen peat soils. Pol J Ecol 47:231–246
  • Wilson M J, & Khakouli-Duarte T (Eds.) (2009). Nematodes as environmental indicators. CABI.
  • Yeates, G W (1984). Variation in soil nematode diversity under pasture with soil and year. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 16(2): 95-102.
  • Yeates G W, Bongers T, de Goede R G M, Freckman D W, Georgieva S S (1993). Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera—an outline for soil ecologists. J. Nematol. 25:315–31.
  • Yeates G W, King K L (1997). Soil nematodes as indicators of the effect of management of grasslands in the New England Tablelands (NSW): comparison of native and improved grasslands. Pedobiologia 41:526–536.
  • Yıldız Ş ve Elekçioglu İ H (2011). Şanlıurfa ilinde tarımsal ve doğal alanlarda nematod biyoçeşitliliği. Türk. Entomol. Derg., 35 (2): 381-394.
  • Yildiz, S 2012. Nematode biodiversity in a semi-arid pasture under different grazing regimes. Afr. J. of Ag. Res., 7(3): 414-417.
  • Yildiz S, Handoo Z, Carta L, Skantar A and Chitwood D (2012). A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with forage crops in Bingol, Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea, 40:73-77.
  • Zolda P (2006). Nematode communities of grazed and ungrazed semi-natural steppe grasslands in Eastern Austria. Pedobiologia, 50(1), 11-22.

Investigation on Nematode Faunal Structures in Pastures of Muş Province

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 197 - 203, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.282164

Öz

The study was conducted to investigate nematode faunal
structure in some pastures of Muş province, in 2015. Soil samples were taken
from pastures by stopping at every 5 km of Muş-Bingol road. Nematodes were
reovered from soil samples by using petri-dish method. Twenty nine genera and
one species fron the nematode fauna were identified.; 8 plant parasitic, 9
bacterivores, 4 fungivores, 1 predator and 5 genera belonged to omnivore
groups. The prominent genera were Helicotylenchus, Tylenchus, Pratylenchus
and Merlinius as plant parasitic group; Acrobeloides, Cephalobus
and Monhystera as
bacterivores; Ditylenchus, Tylencholaimus and Aphelenchus from
fungivores; Mononchus as predators; Prodorylaimus and Aporcelaimellus
as omnivores. The proportions of trophic groups in the fauna in terms of
abundance were calculated as 32% plant parasitic nematodes, 33% as
bacterivores, 32% as fungivores and as 29% omnivores. The results revealed that
all the trophic groups had close diversity and abundance values, except the
predator group which was the least in the fauna. It might be concluded that, in
the study area, the diversity and abundance of plant parasitic nematodes were
not very high and free-living nematodes were in a fair state.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2016a). Muş il valiliği verileri. Erişim tarihi 14.12.2016.
  • Anonim (2016b). Muş meteoroloji il müdürlüğü kayıtları. Erişim tarihi: 05.11.2016.
  • Anonim (2016c). Muş il gıda tarım ve hayvancılık müdürlüğü kayıtları. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2016.
  • Berkelmans R, Ferris H, Tenuta M, Van Bruggen A H C (2003). Effects of long-term crop management on nematode trophic levels other than plant feeders disappear after 1 year of disruptive soil management. Applied Soil Ecology, 23(3), 223-235.
  • Bongers T, Yeates GW (1988). Report on a workshop: Nematodes in natural systems; the use of nematodes in environmental studies. Pedobiologia 32:88.
  • Bongers T (1990). The maturity index: An acological measure of an environmental disturbance based on nematode species composition. Oecologia, 83: 14-19.
  • Bongers T, Ferris H (1999). Nematode community structure as a bioindicator in environmental monitoring. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14(6), 224-228.
  • Cesarz, S, Reich P B, Scheu S, Ruess L, Schaefer M, Eisenhauer N. (2015). Nematode functional guilds, not trophic groups, reflect shifts in soil food webs and processes in response to interacting global change factors. Pedobiologia, 58(1), 23-32.
  • De Deyn, G B, Raaijmakers C E, Zoomer, H R, Berg M P, de Ruiter P C, Verhoef H A, ... & van der Putten, W. H. (2003). Soil invertebrate fauna enhances grassland succession and diversity. Nature, 422: (6933), 711-713.
  • Ferris H, Bongers T,. de Goede R G M (2001). A framework for soil food web diagnostics: Extension of the nematode faunal analysis concept. Applied Soil Ecology 18: 13–29.
  • Ferris H, Bongers T (2006). Nematode indicators of organic enrichment. Journal of Nematology, 38:1, 3–12.
  • Freckman D W, Caswell EP (1985). The ecology of nematodes in agroecosystems. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 23:275–96
  • Hopper B E (1958). Plant-parasitic nematodes in the soils of southern forest nurseries. Plant Disease Reporter, 42(3), 308-14.
  • Li Y, Wu J, Chen H, Chen, J (2005). [Nematodes as bioindicator of soil health: methods and applications]. Ying yong sheng tai xue bao= The journal of applied ecology/Zhongguo sheng tai xue xue hui, Zhongguo ke xue yuan Shenyang ying yong sheng tai yan jiu suo zhu ban, 16(8), 1541-1546.
  • McSorley R, Frederick J J (1999). Nematode population fluctuations during decomposition of specific organic amendments. Journal of Nematology, 31(1), 37.
  • Neher D A (2001). Role of nematodes in soil health and their use as indicators. J Nematol 33:161–168
  • Neher D A, Wu J, Barbercheck M E, Anas O (2005). Ecosystem type affects interpretation of soil nematode community measures. Applied Soil Ecology, 30(1), 47-64.
  • Neher, D A (2010). Ecology of plant and free-living nematodes in natural and agricultural soil. Phytopathology, 48: 371-394.
  • Parmelee R W, Alston D G (1986). Nematode trophic structure in conventional and no-tillage agroecosystems. Journal of Nematology, 18(3), 403.
  • Popovici I, Ciobanu M (2000). Diversity and distribution of nematode communities in grasslands from Romania in relation to vegetation and soil characteristics. Applied Soil Ecology, 14(1), 27-36.
  • Sarathchandra S U, Ghani A, Yeates, G W, Burch G, Cox N R (2001). Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers on microbial and nematode diversity in pasture soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(7), 953-964.
  • Tenuta M, Ferris H (2004). Sensitivity of nematode life-history groups to ions and osmotic tensions of nitrogenous solutions. Journal of nematology, 36(1), 85.
  • Watson R N, Mercer C F (2000). Pasture nematodes: the major scourge of white clover. In Proceedings of the Conference-New Zealand Grassland Association (pp. 195-200).
  • Wasilewska L (1994). The effect of age of meadows on succession and diversity in soil nematode communities. Pedobiologia, 38: 1–11.
  • Wasilewska L (1999). Soil nematode response to root production in grasslands on fen peat soils. Pol J Ecol 47:231–246
  • Wilson M J, & Khakouli-Duarte T (Eds.) (2009). Nematodes as environmental indicators. CABI.
  • Yeates, G W (1984). Variation in soil nematode diversity under pasture with soil and year. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 16(2): 95-102.
  • Yeates G W, Bongers T, de Goede R G M, Freckman D W, Georgieva S S (1993). Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera—an outline for soil ecologists. J. Nematol. 25:315–31.
  • Yeates G W, King K L (1997). Soil nematodes as indicators of the effect of management of grasslands in the New England Tablelands (NSW): comparison of native and improved grasslands. Pedobiologia 41:526–536.
  • Yıldız Ş ve Elekçioglu İ H (2011). Şanlıurfa ilinde tarımsal ve doğal alanlarda nematod biyoçeşitliliği. Türk. Entomol. Derg., 35 (2): 381-394.
  • Yildiz, S 2012. Nematode biodiversity in a semi-arid pasture under different grazing regimes. Afr. J. of Ag. Res., 7(3): 414-417.
  • Yildiz S, Handoo Z, Carta L, Skantar A and Chitwood D (2012). A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with forage crops in Bingol, Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea, 40:73-77.
  • Zolda P (2006). Nematode communities of grazed and ungrazed semi-natural steppe grasslands in Eastern Austria. Pedobiologia, 50(1), 11-22.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Şenol Yıldız

İbrahim Koç

Erdal Necip Yardım Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2017
Kabul Tarihi 21 Nisan 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldız, Ş., Koç, İ., & Yardım, E. N. (2017). Investigation on Nematode Faunal Structures in Pastures of Muş Province. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 27(2), 197-203. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.282164

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