Strawberry Production in Soilless Culture

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 71 - 80, 25.08.2017

Leyla Demirsoy Derya Mısır Nafiye Adak

Öz

Strawberry, which is grown in wide ecological
conditions in the world, is one of the species increasing its production every
year. Strawberry culture has been generally conducted in soil by traditional
methods. Thus, many pest and disease problems have arisen. One of the most
important problems is yield and crop losses arising from soil-borne pathogens
and nematodes in strawberry production. For this reason, crop rotation or soil
disinfection by solarization and chemical treatments should be done. But these
methods are expensive and unsafe for soil and environment and do not fully
solve the problem. Thus, the only healthy solution seems soilless culture. In
addition to the solution of the problems in greenhouse soils, need to extend the
production season and increase yield led to spread of soilless strawberry
cultivation in commercial greenhouse production. In this review, it was
discussed principles of strawberry growing in soilless culture and also
strawberry growing at soilless culture in Turkey was evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa, soilless culture, Turkey

Topraksız Tarımda Çilek Yetiştiriciliği

Öz

Çilek
dünyada, yetiştiriciliği çok geniş ekolojik şartlarda yapılan, üretimi her yıl
artış gösteren meyve türlerinden biridir. Çilek yetiştiriciliği, esas olarak
geleneksel yetiştiricilik metotlarıyla toprakta yapılmakta, bu da hastalık ve
zararlılarla ilgili pek çok probleme yol açmaktadır. En önemli sorunlardan
birisi toprak kökenli patojenlerin ve nematodların yol açtığı verim ve bitkisel
kayıplardır. Bu kayıpların önüne geçebilmek için münavebe yapılması veya
toprağın mutlaka solarizasyon veya kimyasallarla dezenfekte edilmesi
gerekmektedir. Bu çözüm yollarının masraflı olması, toprak ve çevrede zararlı
etkiler yapması yanında problemin çözümünde tam olarak etkili olamaması çilek
üreticilerinin alternatif üretim yöntemleri aramasına neden olmuştur. Bu
nedenlerle topraksız tarım ortaya çıkan bu sorunların çözümünde önemli bir
alternatif olabilmektedir. Sera topraklarında gözlemlenen sorunların çözümü
yanında çilek yetiştiriciliğinde üretim sezonunu uzatma ve birim alandan alınan
veriminin artırılması gibi hedefler topraksız çilek yetiştiriciliğinin ticari
sera üretiminde yaygınlaşmasını sağlamıştır. Bu makalede topraksız tarımda
çilek yetiştiriciliğinde yetiştiricilik esasları ve Türkiye’de topraksız çilek
yetiştiriciliğinin durumu değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çilek, Fragaria x ananassa, topraksız tarım, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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