Theoretical Foundations of Project Based Curricula in Higher Education

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 48 Sayı: 1, 236 - 274, 21.04.2019

Güneş Korkmaz Nurdan Kalaycı

Öz

Globalization of knowledge, development in society,
culture, politics, economy, technology and industry, change in quality,
national and international competition, and the knowledge, skills and
competences demanded from the individuals in professional life lead to radical
changes in education and instruction. This worldwide change requires the
reconstruction of educational systems and development of new curricula. The educational
level where the need for restructuring is felt most is higher education. Within
this context, higher education curricula should align with the qualifications
of the 21^st century, which is also called information age. The
purpose of this literature review study is to explain the key characteristics
of PBL (project-based learning) curricula as follows: the historical
development of PBL, key characteristics of PBL, the characteristics of PBL
curriculum components and PBL curriculum strategies in higher education. As PBL
curricula, which support all the roles that universities should have (education,
research, knowledge production and service to the community), are appropriate for
the new generation universities, they should be analyzed through more research and
within different aspects. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Higher education, Higher education curriculum, University 4.0, Project-based learning approach, Project-based curriculum

Yükseköğretimde Proje Tabanlı Eğitim Programlarının Kuramsal Temelleri

Öz

Bilginin küreselleşmesi, toplum, kültür, siyaset,
ekonomi, teknoloji, endüstri alanlarında yaşanan gelişim, kalite anlayışındaki
değişim, ulusal ve uluslararası rekabet ve yeni meslek alanlarının bireylerden
talep ettiği bilgi, beceri ve yetkinlikler eğitim-öğretimde köklü değişmelere
neden olmaktadır. Tüm dünyada yaşanan bu değişim, eğitim sistemlerinin ve
eğitim programlarının yeniden yapılandırılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Yeniden
yapılandırılma ihtiyacının en çok hissedildiği eğitim kademesi ise
yükseköğretimdir. Bu bağlamda, yükseköğretimde eğitim programlarının bilgi çağı
olarak adlandırılan 21. yy. niteliklerine uygun hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının temel boyutlarıyla
açıklanmasını amaçlayan bu derleme çalışması dört temel başlık altında
yapılandırılmıştır: yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının
tarihsel gelişimi, proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının temel özellikleri, proje
tabanlı eğitim programlarında dört temel yapısal boyutun özellikleri,
yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarında tasarım stratejileri.
Üniversitelerin sahip olması gereken eğitim-öğretim, araştırma, bilgi üretimi
ve topluma fayda sağlama görevlerinin tümünü destekleyen proje tabanlı eğitim
programlarının yeni nesil üniversitelere uygun nitelikler taşıması nedeniyle,
bu programların farklı boyutlarıyla incelenmesi ve daha çok araştırmaya konu
olması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yükseköğretim, Yükseköğretimde eğitim programları, Üniversite 4.0, Proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı, Proje tabanlı eğitim programı

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