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Gökkuşağı Alabalığı İşletmelerinde Balık Refahının Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Year 2023, Issue: 6, 11 - 20, 31.10.2023

Abstract

Hayvan refahı uygulamaları hayvan yetiştiriciliğinin etik kurallar içinde yapılabilmesi ve yüksek kaliteli besin eldesi için güncelliğini korumakta ve son dönemde yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışma gökkuşağı alabalığı işletmelerinin, çeşitli sorularla hazırlanan anket çalışmasıyla balık refahı açısından değerlendirilmesi için yapılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre balık refahı temelinde işletmelerin genel işleyişi ve çiftlik uygulamalarını içeren sorulara verilen cevaplara göre ankete katılan 23 işletmenin %52’si balık refahını göz ardı ederken %48’i dikkate almaktadır. Dikkate değer sonuçlardan biri işletmelerin %83’ü balık refahını sağlama potansiyelinin bulunduğunu belirtirken %17’si ise bu potansiyelin olmadığını belirtmiştir. Fakat sorunun devamına yönelik sorulan soruda, iyi balık refahı seviyelerinde yetiştirilme imkanının varlığı % 43’e karşın % 57 olarak cevap bulmuştur. Balık refahının iyileştirilmesi imkanı açısından çiftliklerin %23’ü yüksek potansiyele sahip olduğunu belirtirken % 32’si düşük potansiyel bulunduğunu belirtmiştir. Anket sorularından elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde akuakültür işletmelerinin balık refahı uygulamalarının çiftliklere uygulanması bakımından imkan, destek, bilgi ve danışmanlığa sahip olmadığı görülmektedir. Ticari bir sektör olan akuakültürde, balık refahı açısından hem üretici hem de tüketicinin bilinçlendirilmesi için öncelikle devlet desteği, teşviği ve bu konu üzerinde kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyduğu görülmektedir.

Ethical Statement

Bu makaledeki anket çalışması için Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu’nun 15.12.2021 tarihli toplantısında 80 sayılı ve 05 nolu kararı ile izin alınmıştır.

References

  • Alanärä, A. (1996). The Use Of Self-Feeders in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Production. Aquaculture, 145(1-4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044- 8486(96)01346-4
  • Algers, B., Blokhuis, H., Boetner, A., Broom, D. M., Costa, P. ve Domingo, M. (2009). Scientific Opinion: General approach to fish welfare and to the concept of sentience in fish. European Food Safety Authority Journal, 954, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.954
  • Ashley, P. J. (2007). Fish welfare: Current issues in aquaculture. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 104(3-4), 199–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.001
  • Barber, I. (2007). Parasites, behaviour and welfare in fish. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 104(3-4), 251–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.005
  • Barreto, M. O., Rey Planellas, S., Yang, Y., Phillips, C. ve Descovich, K. (2022). Emerging indicators of fish welfare in aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture, 14(1), 343-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12601
  • Bergqvist, J. ve Gunnarsson, S. (2013). Finfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, The Environment and Ethical Implications. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 26, 75-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-011-9346-y
  • Branson, E. J. ve Turnbull, T. (2008). Welfare and deformities in fish. Fish Welfare, 202-216. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470697610.ch13
  • Chandroo, K., Duncan, I. J. ve Moccia, R. (2004). Can Fish Suffer? Perspectives On Sentience, Pain, Fear And Stress. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 86(3–4), 225–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.004
  • CIWF (Compassion in World Farming). (2022). Improving the welfare of farmed rainbow trout. Erişim adresi (24 Mayıs 2022): https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/7436981/126880_ciwf_tr out_insert-4_welfare.pdf.
  • Ellis, T., North, B., Scott, A. P., Bromage, N. R., Porter, M. ve Gadd, D. (2002). The relationship between stocking density and welfare in farmed rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology, 61(3), 493–531. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095- 8649.2002.tb00893.x
  • Fernö, A., Folkedal, O., Nilsson, J. ve Kristiansen, T. S. (2020). Inside the Fish Brain: Cognition, Learning and Consciousness. In: Kristiansen, T., Fernö, A., Pavlidis, M., van de Vis, H. (eds) The Welfare of Fish. Animal Welfare, 20, 149-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_7
  • Huntingford, F. ve Adams, C. (2005). Behavioural syndromes in farmed fish: implications for production and welfare. Behaviour, 142(9/10), 1207-1221.
  • Huntingford, F. A., Adams, C., Braithwaite, V. A., Kadri, S., Pottinger, T. G., Sandøe, P. ve Turnbull, J. F. (2006). Current Issues in Fish Welfare. Journal of Fish Biology, 68(2), 332-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.001046.x
  • Hvas, M., Folkedal, O. ve Oppedal, F. (2021). Fish welfare in offshore salmon aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture, 13(2), 836-852. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12501
  • Lambooij, E., Kloosterboer, R. J., Gerritzen, M. A. ve Van de Vis, J. W. (2004). Head-only electrical stunning and bleeding of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): assessment of loss of consciousness. Animal Welfare, 13(1), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0962728600026695
  • Larsen, B. K., Skov, P. V., McKenzie, D. J. ve Jokumsen, A. (2012). The effects of stocking density and low level sustained exercise on the energetic efficiency of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at 19 ℃. Aquaculture, 324-325, 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.10.021
  • Liu, Q., Hou, Z., Wen, H., Li, J., He, F., Wang, J., Guan, B. ve Wang, Q. (2016). Effect of stocking density on water quality and (Growth, Body Composition and Plasma Cortisol Content) performance of pen-reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Ocean University of China, 15, 667-675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-016-2956-2
  • Maia, C. M., Ferguson, B., Volpato, G. L. ve Braithwaite, V. A. (2017). Physical and psychological motivation tests of individual preferences in rainbow trout. Journal of Zoology, 302(2), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12438
  • Noble, C., Cañon Jones, H. A., Damsgård, B., Flood, M. J., Midling, K. Ø., Roque, A., Saether, B. ve Cottee, S. Y. (2012). Injuries and deformities in fish: their potential impacts upon aquacultural production and welfare. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 38, 61-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9557-1
  • Poli, B. M., Parisi, G., Scappini, F. ve Zampacavallo, G. (2005). Fish welfare and quality as affected by pre-slaughter and slaughter management. Aquaculture International, 13, 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-004-9035-1
  • Poppe, T. T., Barnes, A. C. ve Midtlyng, P. J. (2002). Welfare and ethics in fish farming. Bulletin-European Association of Fish Pathologists, 22(2), 148-151.
  • Rose, J. D. (2002). The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the Question of Awareness and Pain. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 10(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/20026491051668
  • RSPCA. (2022). Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Erişim adresi (20 Mayıs 2022): https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare.
  • Salin, K., Villasevil, E. M., Anderson, G. J., Auer, S. K., Selman, C., Hartley, R. C. ve Metcalfe, N. B. (2018). Decreased mitochondrial metabolic requirements in fasting animals carry an oxidative cost. Functional Ecology, 32(9), 2149–2157. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13125
  • Saraiva, J. L., Arechavala-Lopez, P., Castanheira, M. F., Volstrorf, J. ve Studer, B. H. (2019). A Global Assessment of Welfare in Farmed Fishes: The FishEthoBase. Fishes, 4(2), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020030
  • Sneddon, L. U. (2006). Ethics and Welfare: Pain Perception in Fish. Bulletin-European Association of Fish Pathologists, 26(1), 5-10.
  • Southgate, P. ve Wall, T. (2001). Welfare of farmed fish at slaughter. In Practice, 23(5), 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.23.5.277
  • Stangeland, K., Høie, S. ve Taksdal, T. (1996). Experimental induction of infectious pancreatic necrosis in Atlantic salmon,, Salmo Salar L., post-smolts. Journal of Fish Diseases, 19(4), 323–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1996.tb00710.x
  • Thorburn, M. A., Teare, G. F., Martin, S. W. ve Moccia, R. D. (2001). Group-level factors associated with chemotherapeutic treatment regimens in land-based trout farms in Ontario, Canada. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 50(1–2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00192-1
  • Torgerson-White, L. ve Sánchez-Suárez, W. (2022). Looking beyond the Shoal: Fish Welfare as an Individual Attribute. Animals, 12(19), 2592. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192592
  • Trenzado, C. E., Carmona, R., Merino, R., García-Gallego, M., Furné, M., Domezain, A. ve Sanz, A. (2018). Effect of dietary lipid content and stocking density on digestive enzymes profile and intestinal histology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 497, 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.07.031
  • Van de Vis, H., Kolarevic, J., Stien, L. H., Kristiansen, T. S., Gerritzen, M., Van de Braak, K., Abbink, W., Saether, B. ve Noble, C. (2020). Welfare of farmed fish in different production systems and operations. The Welfare of Fish. Animal Welfare, 20, 323-361. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_14
  • Van den Boogaart, L., Slabbekoorn, H. ve Scherer, L. (2023). Prioritization of fish welfare issues in European salmonid aquaculture using the Delphi method. Aquaculture, 572, 739557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739557
  • Volpato, G. L., Gonçalves-de-Freitas, E. ve Fernandes-de-Castilho, M. (2007). Insights into the concept of fish welfare. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 75(2), 165-171. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao075165
  • Wall, A. J. (2001). Ethical considerations in the handling and slaughter of farmed fish. In Farmed fish quality (S. C. Kestin & P. D. Warriss, eds). Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science, Oxford, 108–115.
  • WSPA. (2007). Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare. World Society for the Protection of Animals.
  • Yarahmadi, P., Miandare, H. K., Fayaz, S. ve Caipang, C. M. A. (2016). Increased stocking density causes changes in expression of selected stress- and immune-related genes, humoral innate immune parameters and stress responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 48, 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.007
Year 2023, Issue: 6, 11 - 20, 31.10.2023

Abstract

References

  • Alanärä, A. (1996). The Use Of Self-Feeders in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Production. Aquaculture, 145(1-4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044- 8486(96)01346-4
  • Algers, B., Blokhuis, H., Boetner, A., Broom, D. M., Costa, P. ve Domingo, M. (2009). Scientific Opinion: General approach to fish welfare and to the concept of sentience in fish. European Food Safety Authority Journal, 954, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.954
  • Ashley, P. J. (2007). Fish welfare: Current issues in aquaculture. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 104(3-4), 199–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.001
  • Barber, I. (2007). Parasites, behaviour and welfare in fish. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 104(3-4), 251–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.005
  • Barreto, M. O., Rey Planellas, S., Yang, Y., Phillips, C. ve Descovich, K. (2022). Emerging indicators of fish welfare in aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture, 14(1), 343-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12601
  • Bergqvist, J. ve Gunnarsson, S. (2013). Finfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, The Environment and Ethical Implications. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 26, 75-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-011-9346-y
  • Branson, E. J. ve Turnbull, T. (2008). Welfare and deformities in fish. Fish Welfare, 202-216. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470697610.ch13
  • Chandroo, K., Duncan, I. J. ve Moccia, R. (2004). Can Fish Suffer? Perspectives On Sentience, Pain, Fear And Stress. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 86(3–4), 225–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.004
  • CIWF (Compassion in World Farming). (2022). Improving the welfare of farmed rainbow trout. Erişim adresi (24 Mayıs 2022): https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/7436981/126880_ciwf_tr out_insert-4_welfare.pdf.
  • Ellis, T., North, B., Scott, A. P., Bromage, N. R., Porter, M. ve Gadd, D. (2002). The relationship between stocking density and welfare in farmed rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology, 61(3), 493–531. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095- 8649.2002.tb00893.x
  • Fernö, A., Folkedal, O., Nilsson, J. ve Kristiansen, T. S. (2020). Inside the Fish Brain: Cognition, Learning and Consciousness. In: Kristiansen, T., Fernö, A., Pavlidis, M., van de Vis, H. (eds) The Welfare of Fish. Animal Welfare, 20, 149-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_7
  • Huntingford, F. ve Adams, C. (2005). Behavioural syndromes in farmed fish: implications for production and welfare. Behaviour, 142(9/10), 1207-1221.
  • Huntingford, F. A., Adams, C., Braithwaite, V. A., Kadri, S., Pottinger, T. G., Sandøe, P. ve Turnbull, J. F. (2006). Current Issues in Fish Welfare. Journal of Fish Biology, 68(2), 332-372. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.001046.x
  • Hvas, M., Folkedal, O. ve Oppedal, F. (2021). Fish welfare in offshore salmon aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture, 13(2), 836-852. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12501
  • Lambooij, E., Kloosterboer, R. J., Gerritzen, M. A. ve Van de Vis, J. W. (2004). Head-only electrical stunning and bleeding of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): assessment of loss of consciousness. Animal Welfare, 13(1), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0962728600026695
  • Larsen, B. K., Skov, P. V., McKenzie, D. J. ve Jokumsen, A. (2012). The effects of stocking density and low level sustained exercise on the energetic efficiency of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at 19 ℃. Aquaculture, 324-325, 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.10.021
  • Liu, Q., Hou, Z., Wen, H., Li, J., He, F., Wang, J., Guan, B. ve Wang, Q. (2016). Effect of stocking density on water quality and (Growth, Body Composition and Plasma Cortisol Content) performance of pen-reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Ocean University of China, 15, 667-675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-016-2956-2
  • Maia, C. M., Ferguson, B., Volpato, G. L. ve Braithwaite, V. A. (2017). Physical and psychological motivation tests of individual preferences in rainbow trout. Journal of Zoology, 302(2), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12438
  • Noble, C., Cañon Jones, H. A., Damsgård, B., Flood, M. J., Midling, K. Ø., Roque, A., Saether, B. ve Cottee, S. Y. (2012). Injuries and deformities in fish: their potential impacts upon aquacultural production and welfare. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 38, 61-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9557-1
  • Poli, B. M., Parisi, G., Scappini, F. ve Zampacavallo, G. (2005). Fish welfare and quality as affected by pre-slaughter and slaughter management. Aquaculture International, 13, 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-004-9035-1
  • Poppe, T. T., Barnes, A. C. ve Midtlyng, P. J. (2002). Welfare and ethics in fish farming. Bulletin-European Association of Fish Pathologists, 22(2), 148-151.
  • Rose, J. D. (2002). The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the Question of Awareness and Pain. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 10(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/20026491051668
  • RSPCA. (2022). Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Erişim adresi (20 Mayıs 2022): https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare.
  • Salin, K., Villasevil, E. M., Anderson, G. J., Auer, S. K., Selman, C., Hartley, R. C. ve Metcalfe, N. B. (2018). Decreased mitochondrial metabolic requirements in fasting animals carry an oxidative cost. Functional Ecology, 32(9), 2149–2157. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13125
  • Saraiva, J. L., Arechavala-Lopez, P., Castanheira, M. F., Volstrorf, J. ve Studer, B. H. (2019). A Global Assessment of Welfare in Farmed Fishes: The FishEthoBase. Fishes, 4(2), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020030
  • Sneddon, L. U. (2006). Ethics and Welfare: Pain Perception in Fish. Bulletin-European Association of Fish Pathologists, 26(1), 5-10.
  • Southgate, P. ve Wall, T. (2001). Welfare of farmed fish at slaughter. In Practice, 23(5), 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.23.5.277
  • Stangeland, K., Høie, S. ve Taksdal, T. (1996). Experimental induction of infectious pancreatic necrosis in Atlantic salmon,, Salmo Salar L., post-smolts. Journal of Fish Diseases, 19(4), 323–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1996.tb00710.x
  • Thorburn, M. A., Teare, G. F., Martin, S. W. ve Moccia, R. D. (2001). Group-level factors associated with chemotherapeutic treatment regimens in land-based trout farms in Ontario, Canada. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 50(1–2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00192-1
  • Torgerson-White, L. ve Sánchez-Suárez, W. (2022). Looking beyond the Shoal: Fish Welfare as an Individual Attribute. Animals, 12(19), 2592. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192592
  • Trenzado, C. E., Carmona, R., Merino, R., García-Gallego, M., Furné, M., Domezain, A. ve Sanz, A. (2018). Effect of dietary lipid content and stocking density on digestive enzymes profile and intestinal histology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 497, 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.07.031
  • Van de Vis, H., Kolarevic, J., Stien, L. H., Kristiansen, T. S., Gerritzen, M., Van de Braak, K., Abbink, W., Saether, B. ve Noble, C. (2020). Welfare of farmed fish in different production systems and operations. The Welfare of Fish. Animal Welfare, 20, 323-361. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_14
  • Van den Boogaart, L., Slabbekoorn, H. ve Scherer, L. (2023). Prioritization of fish welfare issues in European salmonid aquaculture using the Delphi method. Aquaculture, 572, 739557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739557
  • Volpato, G. L., Gonçalves-de-Freitas, E. ve Fernandes-de-Castilho, M. (2007). Insights into the concept of fish welfare. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 75(2), 165-171. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao075165
  • Wall, A. J. (2001). Ethical considerations in the handling and slaughter of farmed fish. In Farmed fish quality (S. C. Kestin & P. D. Warriss, eds). Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science, Oxford, 108–115.
  • WSPA. (2007). Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare. World Society for the Protection of Animals.
  • Yarahmadi, P., Miandare, H. K., Fayaz, S. ve Caipang, C. M. A. (2016). Increased stocking density causes changes in expression of selected stress- and immune-related genes, humoral innate immune parameters and stress responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 48, 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.007
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Aquaculture and Fisheries (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Kardelen Cansu Kurt 0000-0002-1044-0662

Abdullah Diler 0000-0002-8164-4144

Halit Bayrak 0000-0003-3573-6440

Early Pub Date October 31, 2023
Publication Date October 31, 2023
Submission Date September 4, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Kurt, K. C., Diler, A., & Bayrak, H. (2023). Gökkuşağı Alabalığı İşletmelerinde Balık Refahının Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma. Akademik Et Ve Süt Kurumu Dergisi(6), 11-20.