BlackRock ve ABD Hegemonyası

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 235 - 262, 04.12.2023

Muhammet Sait Pınarbaşı

https://doi.org/10.54838/bilgisosyal.1351358

Abstract

1980’lerde başlayan uluslararası ekonomi politik gelişmeler kurumsal yönetişim rejimini de etkileyerek, varlık yöneticisi kapitalizmi olarak adlandırılan bir sürece girilmesine ve bu sürecin sonunda yeni ekonomi politik aktörler olan dev varlık yöneticisi şirketlerinin önemli ölçüde büyümesine sebep olmuştur. Ekonomik sistemde hâkimiyetin, rızaya dayalı tahakküm biçimi olarak hegemonyanın ön koşullarından birisi olarak sayılması, bu şirketlerin en büyüğü olan BlackRock’ın ABD hegemonyasındaki konumunun değerlendirilmesinin önünü açmıştır. Konuyla ilgili eserlerin incelendiği literatür taramasının yanında yorumsamacı yaklaşımdan yararlanılarak yapılan çalışmada BlackRock’ı ABD hegemonyası perspektifinden araştırmak hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yapılan araştırmanın sonucunda, yönetimi altındaki varlıkların 10 trilyon dolara ulaştığı BlackRock’ın; ABD ile yakın ilişkisi, ekonomik kriz dönemlerindeki kurtarıcı rolü, dünyanın en büyük finans kuruluşlarına (merkez bankaları dahil) danışmanlık yapması, hissedar olduğu binlerce şirketin genel kurulunda oylama hakkı bulunması ve 2012’den itibaren her yıl yayınlanan mektuplar aracılığıyla küresel ekonomik sisteme önemli ölçüde etki etme kabiliyeti bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde ABD hegemonyası lehine konumlandığı gözükmektedir.

Keywords

Varlık Yöneticisi Kapitalizmi, ABD Hegemonyası, BlackRock

BlackRock and US Hegemony

Abstract

The international political economy developments that started in the 1980s also affected the corporate governance regime, leading to a process called asset manager capitalism, and at the end of this process, giant asset manager companies, which are new political economy actors, grew significantly. Counting dominance in the economic system as one of the preconditions of hegemony as a form of domination based on consent has paved the way for the evaluation of the position of BlackRock, the largest of these companies, in the US hegemony. In addition to the literature review of the relevant studies on the subject, the study, using a hermeneutic approach, aims to investigate BlackRock from the perspective of US hegemony. As a result of the research conducted for this purpose, BlackRock, whose assets under management (AUM) have reached 10 trillion dollars, seems to be positioned in favor of US hegemony when its close relationship with the US, its role as a savior in times of economic crisis, its consultancy to the world's largest financial institutions (including central banks), its voting rights in the general assembly of thousands of companies in which it is a shareholder, and its ability to significantly influence the global economic system through letters published every year since 2012 are evaluated as a whole.

Keywords

Asset Manager Capitalism, US Hegemony, BlackRock

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