A Study on Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Anti-Cancer Activities of Gingko biloba L.

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 99 - 106, 31.12.2023

Ebru Deveci Bahar Yılmaz Gülsen Tel-çayan

https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1322069

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and anti-cancer activities of Ginkgo biloba L. leaf methanol extract. In this study, the phytochemical compounds, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of G. biloba leaf methanol extract were investigated. Additionally, antioxidant and anti-cancer activities [against HT-29 (human colon cancer line), HeLa (human cervical cancer line), and HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney cell line)] were assayed. The main phytochemical compounds were identified as gallic (0.94±0.01 mg/g), p-hydroxy benzoic (0.71±0.01 mg/g), and protocatechuic (0.60±0.02 mg/g) acids in G. biloba leaf methanol extract by HPLC. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were measured as 71.20±0.42 µg GAE/mg extract and 13.24±0.35 µg QE/mg extract, respectively. The high antioxidant activity was found in ABTS•+ assay (89.04±0.71%) while moderate antioxidant activity was observed in DPPH• (43.31±0.75%), metal chelating (49.04±0.49%), CUPRAC (absorbance: 0.85±0.01), and phosphomolybdenum (absorbance: 1.16±0.02) assays at 400 µg/mL. The IC50 values of G. biloba leaf methanol extract on HT-29, HeLa, and HEK-293 cell lines were recorded as 406.70±1.55, 84.86±0.98, and >800 µg/mL, respectively. The present study features a new addition to the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of the therapeutically valuable G. biloba with its phytochemical content.

Keywords

Maidenhair tree, Methanol extract, HT-29 cell line, HeLa cell line, HPLC, HEK-293 cell line

Gingko biloba L.’nın Fitokimyasal Bileşimi, Antioksidan ve Anti-Kanser Aktiviteleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Çalışma, Ginkgo biloba L. yaprak metanol ekstresinin fitokimyasal bileşimini, antioksidan potansiyelini ve anti-kanser aktivitesini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, G. biloba yaprağından elde edilen metanol ekstresinin fitokimyasal bileşikleri, toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, antioksidan ve anti-kanser [HT-29 (insan kolon kanseri hücre hattı), HeLa (insan rahim ağzı kanseri hücre hattı) ve HEK-293 (insan embriyonik böbrek hücre hattı)] aktiviteleri test edilmiştir. G. biloba yaprak metanol ekstresinin başlıca fitokimyasal bileşikleri HPLC ile gallik asit (0.94±0.01 mg/g), p-hidroksi benzoik asit (0.71±0.01 mg/g) ve protokateşik asit (0.60±0.02 mg/g) olarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik ve toplam flavonoid içerikleri sırasıyla 71.20±0.42 µg GAE/mg ekstre ve 13.24±0.35 µg QE/mg ekstre olarak ölçülmüştür. 400 µg/mL’de ABTS•+ yönteminde yüksek antioksidan aktivite (%89.04±0.71) belirlenirken, DPPH• (%43.31±0.75), metal kelatlama (%49.04±0.49), CUPRAC (absorbans: 0.85±0.01) ve fosfomolibden (absorbans: 1.16±0.02) yöntemlerinde orta derecede antioksidan aktivite gözlenmiştir. G. biloba yaprak metanol ekstresinin HT-29, HeLa ve HEK-293 hücre hatlarındaki IC50 değerleri sırasıyla 406.70±1.55, 84.86±0.98 ve >800 µg/mL olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bu çalışma, fitokimyasal içeriği ile terapötik açıdan değerli G. biloba’nın antioksidan ve anti-kanser özelliklerine yeni bir katkı sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Mabet ağacı, Metanol ekstresi, HT-29 hücre hattı, HeLa hücre hattı, HPLC, HEK-293 hücre hattı

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