The Effect of the Morphology of Silver Nanoparticles on Their Interactions with Proteins

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 76, 82 - 89, 23.01.2024

Aysel Tomak Ceyda Öksel Karakuş

https://doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2024267610

Abstract

In parallel with the developments in nanotechnology, there has been a rapid increase in the number of nanoparticles used in biomedical applications. Silver nanoparticles stand out among different metallic nanoparticle groups because the advantages they offer (e.g., antibacterial activity) mostly overlap with the needs of medical applications. However, the structural features and surface properties that make silver nanoparticles advantageous in biomedical applications can be altered as a result of interactions with the biological environment, which, in turn, is reflected in the biological activity and functionality of nanoparticles. It is well-reported in the literature that the main factor responsible for the changing surface properties of nanoparticles in biological environments is the proteins attached to their surfaces, forming a so-called protein-corona layer around nanoparticles. However, the effect of the morphological properties of nanoparticles on the composition and amount of this protein corona layer formed has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effect of silver nanoparticles’ morphology on nanoparticle-protein interactions was investigated. To that end, silver nanoparticles of spherical and prismatic shape were characterized in detail and the proteins attached to their surfaces were determined qualitatively by the sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) method. More specifically, silver nanoparticles with spherical and prismatic morphology were incubated in protein-suplemented cell culture medium at different durations (15 min, 2 h and 24 h) and temperatures (22 oC and 37 oC), and the proteins attached to their surfaces were compared in terms of type and amount.

Keywords

Nanoparticles, Nanosilver, Protein Corona, Gel Electrophoresis

Gümüş Nanopartiküllerin Morfolojisinin Protein Etkileşimleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Abstract

Nanoteknolojideki gelişmelere paralel olarak biyomedikal uygulamalarda kullanılan nanopartiküllerin sayısında hızlı bir artış yaşanmıştır. Gümüş nanopartiküller, farklı metalik nanopartikül grupları arasında başta antibakteriyel etkinlik olmak üzere tıbbi uygulamaların gereksinimleriyle örtüşen çeşitli avantajlara sahip olmalari dolayısıyla öne çıkmakta ve yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Gümüş nanopartikülleri avantajlı kılan yapı ve yüzey özellikleri biyolojik ortam etkileşimleri sonucunda değişiklik gösterebilmekte ve bu değişimler dolayısıyla biyolojik aktivite ve foksiyonellik gibi nanopartikül özellikleri de doğrudan etkilenmektedir. Nanopartiküllerin biyolojik ortamlarda değişen yüzey özelliklerinin en büyük nedeninin yüzeylerine tutunan proteinler olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak nanopartiküllerin morfolojik özelliklerinin etraflarında oluşan bu protein halkasının bileşimine ve miktarına olan etkisi tam olarak aydınlatılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, partikül morfolojisinin nanopartikül-protein etkileşimleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla küresel ve prizma-benzeri yapıya sahip gümüş nanopartikülleri detaylı olarak karakterize edilmiş ve yüzeylerine tutunan proteinler sodyum dodesil sülfat–poliakrilamid jel elektroforezi (SDS–PAGE) yöntemiyle analitik olarak tayin edilmiştir. Spesifik olarak, küresel ve prizmatik morfolojiye sahip gümüş nanopartikülleri protein eklentili hücre kültürü ortamı içerisinde farklı süre (15 dk, 2 sa ve 24 sa) ve sıcaklıklarda (22 oC ve 37 oC) inkübe edilmiş ve yüzeylerine tutunan proteinler tür ve miktar açısından karşılaştırılmıştır.

Keywords

Nanopartikül, Nanogümüş, Protein Korona, Jel Elektroforezi

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