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Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması

Year 2024, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 75 - 91, 30.04.2024

Erdal Çılğın Halis Deviren

Abstract

Öz: Bu araştırmada, hacimsel olarak %80 dizel yakıtı (DY) ve %20 terebentin yağından türetilmiş biyodizelin karışımıyla hazırlanan B20 yakıtının, magnezyum oksit (MgO) nanopartikülleri (NP) ile iyileştirilmiş formu olan B20-NP yakıtının, standart B20 ve DY ile karşılaştırıldığında yanma ve emisyon parametreleri üzerine olan etkileri detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. İlk olarak, terebentin yağından (TY) esterifikasyon ve transesterifikasyon süreçleri kullanılarak biyodizel sentezi gerçekleştirilmiş ve bunu takiben test yakıtları hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen karışım yakıtlar, önceden belirlenen koşullar altında bir dizel test motorunda deneyler için kullanılmıştır. Test süreci boyunca elde edilen yanma ve emisyon verileri analiz edilmiş ve bu verilere dayanarak grafikler oluşturulmuştur. Grafikler, MgO ile zenginleştirilmiş B20-NP yakıtının, standart B20 yakıtına göre karbon monoksit (CO) emisyonlarında %1,26 oranında azalma, hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonlarında %6,98 oranında düşüş ve azot oksit (NOx) emisyonlarında ise %4,65 oranında bir artış sergilediğini göstermektedir. Yanma verilerinin detaylı incelenmesi neticesinde, MgO ile zenginleştirilmiş B20-NP yakıtının silindir basıncında (SB) %1,85, net ısıl salınım hızında (NISH) %3,03 ve ortalama gaz sıcaklıklarında (OGS) %6,62 düzeyinde artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Dizel Motorlar Katkı Maddeleri Nano Partikül Yanma Emisyon

References

  • Ulukardeşler A. 3. Nesi̇l Bi̇yoyakıt Teknolojisi̇ Olan Algleri̇n Türki̇ye’de Üreti̇lebi̇li̇rli̇k Potansi̇yeli̇. Onuncu Ulus Kim Mühendisliği Kongresi,Koç Üniversitesi,İstanbul 2012:3–6.
  • Çılğın E. 3. Nesil Biyoyakıt Teknolojisi Alglerin bir Dizel Motorunda Performans ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin Araştırılması. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Derg 2015;5:33–41.
  • Gülüm M, Bilgin A, Çakmak A. Sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) ve potasyum hidroksit (KOH) kullanilarak üretilen misir yaʇi biyodizellerinin optimum reaksiyon parametrelerinin kariaştirilmasi. J Fac Eng Archit Gazi Univ 2015;30:503–11.
  • Imdadul HK, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Zulkifli NWM, Alabdulkarem A, Rashed MM, et al. Influences of ignition improver additive on ternary (diesel-biodiesel-higher alcohol) blends thermal stability and diesel engine performance. Energy Convers Manag 2016;123:252–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.06.040.
  • ÇILGIN E, İLKILIÇ C. Mikroalg metil esterinin bir dizel motorunda, motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Fen Bilim Derg 2015;31:68–72.
  • Ozsezen AN, Canakci M, Turkcan A, Sayin C. Performance and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with waste palm oil and canola oil methyl esters. Fuel 2009;88:629–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.023.
  • Mohd Noor CW, Noor MM, Mamat R. Biodiesel as alternative fuel for marine diesel engine applications: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;94:127–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.031.
  • Luo Y, Xu X, Zou JJ, Zhang X. Combustion of JP-10-based slurry with Nanosized aluminum additives. J Propuls Power 2016;32:1167–77. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B35969.
  • Norhafana M, Noor MM, Hairuddin AA, Harikrishnan S, Kadirgama K, Ramasamy D. The effects of nano-additives on exhaust emissions and toxicity on mankind. Mater Today Proc 2020;22:1181–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.12.110.
  • Gercheva P, Zhivondov A, Nacheva L, Avanzato D. Transsexual forms of pistachio (pistacia terebinthus l.) from bulgaria - Biotechnological approaches for preservation, multiplication and inclusion in selection programs. Bulg J Agric Sci 2008;14:449–53.
  • Townsend CC, Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. vol. 28. Edinburgh University Press; 1973. https://doi.org/10.2307/4119794.
  • Van Gerpen J. Biodiesel processing and production. Fuel Process Technol 2005;86:1097–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.005.
  • Deviren H, Çılgın E, Aydin S. Study on using nano magnesium oxide (MNMgO) nanoparticles as fuel additives in terebinth oil biodiesel blends in a research diesel engine. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2023;45:12181–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2270559.
  • Deviren H, Aydın H. Production and physicochemical properties of safflower seed oil extracted using different methods and its conversion to biodiesel. Fuel 2023;343:128001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128001.
  • Maheshwari P, Haider MB, Yusuf M, Klemeš JJ, Bokhari A, Beg M, et al. A review on latest trends in cleaner biodiesel production: Role of feedstock, production methods, and catalysts. J Clean Prod 2022;355:131588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131588.
  • Devarajan Y, Munuswamy DB, Mahalingam A. Influence of nano-additive on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine running on neat neem oil biodiesel. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2018;25:26167–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2618-6.
  • Karthikeyan S, Prathima A. Environmental effect of CI engine using microalgae methyl ester with doped nano additives. Transp Res Part D Transp Environ 2017;50:385–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.11.028.
  • Singh Rajpoot A, Choudhary T, Chelladurai H, Kumar Patel N. Effect of graphene nanoparticles on the behavior of a CI engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel. Mater Today Proc 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.03.785.
  • Mani M, Nagarajan G. Influence of injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine running on waste plastic oil. Energy 2009;34:1617–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.07.010.
  • Devan PK, Mahalakshmi N V. Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of poon oil and its diesel blends in a DI diesel engine. Fuel 2009;88:861–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.005.
  • Daş M, Alıç E, Kavak Akpinar E. Numerical and experimental analysis of heat and mass transfer in the drying process of the solar drying system. Eng Sci Technol an Int J 2021;24:236–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2020.10.003.
  • Deb M, Paul A, Debroy D, Sastry GRK, Panua RS, Bose PK. An experimental investigation of performance-emission trade off characteristics of a CI engine using hydrogen as dual fuel. Energy 2015;85:569–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.108.
  • Khan H, Soudagar MEM, Kumar RH, Safaei MR, Farooq M, Khidmatgar A, et al. Effect of nano-graphene oxide and n-butanol fuel additives blended with diesel-Nigella sativa biodiesel fuel emulsion on diesel engine characteristics. Symmetry (Basel) 2020;12. https://doi.org/10.3390/SYM12060961.
  • Duan X, Li Y, Liu J, Guo G, Fu J, Zhang Q, et al. Experimental study the effects of various compression ratios and spark timing on performance and emission of a lean-burn heavy-duty spark ignition engine fueled with methane gas and hydrogen blends. Energy 2019;169:558–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.029.
  • Ilkiliç C, Çilʇin E, Aydin H. Terebinth oil for biodiesel production and its diesel engine application. J Energy Inst 2015;88:292–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2014.09.001.
  • Gad MS, Jayaraj S. A comparative study on the effect of nano-additives on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine run on Jatropha biodiesel. Fuel 2020;267:117168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117168.
  • Haiter Lenin A, Azhagesan N, Berlin Selva Rex CR, Thyagarajan K. Performance of diesel engine operating with pongamia methyl esters as biodiesel. Asian J Sci Res 2012;5:153–61. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajsr.2012.153.161.
  • Khan TMY. Direct transesterification for biodiesel production and testing the engine for performance and emissions run on biodiesel-diesel-nano blends. Nanomaterials 2021;11:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020417.
  • Khatri D, Goyal R. Effects of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the performance and emission features at different injection timings using water diesel emulsified fuel. Energy Convers Manag 2020;205:112379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112379.
  • Attai YA, Abu-Elyazeed OS, ElBeshbeshy MR, Ramadan MA, Gad MS. Diesel engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of castor oil blends using pyrolysis. Adv Mech Eng 2020;12:1687814020975527. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814020975527.
  • Hojati A, Shirneshan A. Effect of compression ratio variation and waste cooking oil methyl ester on the combustion and emission characteristics of an engine. Energy Environ 2020;31:1257–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X19893045.
  • Kumar S, Dinesha P, Rosen MA. Effect of injection pressure on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a biodiesel engine with cerium oxide nanoparticle additive. Energy 2019;185:1163–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.124.
  • İLKILIÇ C, ÇILGIN E. The Effect of Terebinth oil Methyl Ester on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Diesel Engine. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Derg 2014;4:75–85.
  • Prabhu A, Venkata Ramanan M, Jayaprabakar J, Harish V. Experimental investigation of emission characteristics on ricebran biodiesel–alcohol blends in a diesel engine. Int J Ambient Energy 2021;42:1123–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2019.1586768.
  • Çilgin E. Analysis of the plant’s biofuel ability obtained by natural hybridization. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2021;43:1486–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1854392.
  • HAZAR H, Uyar M, Aydın H, Şap E. The effects of apricots seed oil biodiesel with some additives on performance and emissions of a diesel engine. Int J Automot Eng Technol 2016;5:102–14. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.287176.
  • Rakopoulos CD, Hountalas DT, Zannis TC, Levendis YA. Operational and environmental evaluation of diesel engines burning oxygen-enriched intake air or oxygen-enriched fuels: A review. SAE Tech Pap 2004;113:1723–43. https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2924.
  • Yoon SH, Suh HK, Lee CS. Effect of spray and EGR rate on the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuel in a compression ignition engine. Energy and Fuels 2009;23:1486–93. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef800949a.
  • Deviren H, Çılğın E. Spectroscopic verification of biodiesel synthesis from turpentine tree oil through two-step chemical reactions: investigation of the use of synthesized biodiesel and acetone as fuel additives in diesel engines. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2024;46:35–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2277363.
  • Canakci M. Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged DI compression ignition engine fueled with petroleum diesel fuels and biodiesel. Bioresour Technol 2007;98:1167–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.05.024.
  • Uyar M, Aydın H. Production of low sulfur diesel-like fuel from crude oil wastes by pyrolytic distillation and its usage in a diesel engine. Energy 2022;244:122683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122683.
  • Vijayakumar S, Mahadevan S, Arulmozhi P, Sriram S, Praseetha PK. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Atalantia monophylla leaf extracts: Characterization and antimicrobial analysis. Mater Sci Semicond Process 2018;82:39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2018.03.017.
  • ÇILGIN E. Investigation of the pure use of microalg oil in diesel engines. Int J Automot Eng Technol 2022;11:1–8. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.874696.
  • Tschakert P, Huber-Sannwald E, Ojima DS, Raupach MR, Schienke E. Holistic, adaptive management of the terrestrial carbon cycle at local and regional scales. Glob Environ Chang 2008;18:128–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.07.001.
  • Arul Mozhi Selvan V, Anand RB, Udayakumar M. Effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes as fuel-borne additives in diesterol blends on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio engine. Fuel 2014;130:160–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.04.034.

Year 2024, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 75 - 91, 30.04.2024

Erdal Çılğın Halis Deviren

Abstract

References

  • Ulukardeşler A. 3. Nesi̇l Bi̇yoyakıt Teknolojisi̇ Olan Algleri̇n Türki̇ye’de Üreti̇lebi̇li̇rli̇k Potansi̇yeli̇. Onuncu Ulus Kim Mühendisliği Kongresi,Koç Üniversitesi,İstanbul 2012:3–6.
  • Çılğın E. 3. Nesil Biyoyakıt Teknolojisi Alglerin bir Dizel Motorunda Performans ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin Araştırılması. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Derg 2015;5:33–41.
  • Gülüm M, Bilgin A, Çakmak A. Sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) ve potasyum hidroksit (KOH) kullanilarak üretilen misir yaʇi biyodizellerinin optimum reaksiyon parametrelerinin kariaştirilmasi. J Fac Eng Archit Gazi Univ 2015;30:503–11.
  • Imdadul HK, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Zulkifli NWM, Alabdulkarem A, Rashed MM, et al. Influences of ignition improver additive on ternary (diesel-biodiesel-higher alcohol) blends thermal stability and diesel engine performance. Energy Convers Manag 2016;123:252–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.06.040.
  • ÇILGIN E, İLKILIÇ C. Mikroalg metil esterinin bir dizel motorunda, motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Fen Bilim Derg 2015;31:68–72.
  • Ozsezen AN, Canakci M, Turkcan A, Sayin C. Performance and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with waste palm oil and canola oil methyl esters. Fuel 2009;88:629–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.023.
  • Mohd Noor CW, Noor MM, Mamat R. Biodiesel as alternative fuel for marine diesel engine applications: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;94:127–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.031.
  • Luo Y, Xu X, Zou JJ, Zhang X. Combustion of JP-10-based slurry with Nanosized aluminum additives. J Propuls Power 2016;32:1167–77. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B35969.
  • Norhafana M, Noor MM, Hairuddin AA, Harikrishnan S, Kadirgama K, Ramasamy D. The effects of nano-additives on exhaust emissions and toxicity on mankind. Mater Today Proc 2020;22:1181–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.12.110.
  • Gercheva P, Zhivondov A, Nacheva L, Avanzato D. Transsexual forms of pistachio (pistacia terebinthus l.) from bulgaria - Biotechnological approaches for preservation, multiplication and inclusion in selection programs. Bulg J Agric Sci 2008;14:449–53.
  • Townsend CC, Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. vol. 28. Edinburgh University Press; 1973. https://doi.org/10.2307/4119794.
  • Van Gerpen J. Biodiesel processing and production. Fuel Process Technol 2005;86:1097–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.005.
  • Deviren H, Çılgın E, Aydin S. Study on using nano magnesium oxide (MNMgO) nanoparticles as fuel additives in terebinth oil biodiesel blends in a research diesel engine. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2023;45:12181–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2270559.
  • Deviren H, Aydın H. Production and physicochemical properties of safflower seed oil extracted using different methods and its conversion to biodiesel. Fuel 2023;343:128001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128001.
  • Maheshwari P, Haider MB, Yusuf M, Klemeš JJ, Bokhari A, Beg M, et al. A review on latest trends in cleaner biodiesel production: Role of feedstock, production methods, and catalysts. J Clean Prod 2022;355:131588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131588.
  • Devarajan Y, Munuswamy DB, Mahalingam A. Influence of nano-additive on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine running on neat neem oil biodiesel. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2018;25:26167–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2618-6.
  • Karthikeyan S, Prathima A. Environmental effect of CI engine using microalgae methyl ester with doped nano additives. Transp Res Part D Transp Environ 2017;50:385–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.11.028.
  • Singh Rajpoot A, Choudhary T, Chelladurai H, Kumar Patel N. Effect of graphene nanoparticles on the behavior of a CI engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel. Mater Today Proc 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.03.785.
  • Mani M, Nagarajan G. Influence of injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine running on waste plastic oil. Energy 2009;34:1617–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.07.010.
  • Devan PK, Mahalakshmi N V. Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of poon oil and its diesel blends in a DI diesel engine. Fuel 2009;88:861–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.005.
  • Daş M, Alıç E, Kavak Akpinar E. Numerical and experimental analysis of heat and mass transfer in the drying process of the solar drying system. Eng Sci Technol an Int J 2021;24:236–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2020.10.003.
  • Deb M, Paul A, Debroy D, Sastry GRK, Panua RS, Bose PK. An experimental investigation of performance-emission trade off characteristics of a CI engine using hydrogen as dual fuel. Energy 2015;85:569–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.108.
  • Khan H, Soudagar MEM, Kumar RH, Safaei MR, Farooq M, Khidmatgar A, et al. Effect of nano-graphene oxide and n-butanol fuel additives blended with diesel-Nigella sativa biodiesel fuel emulsion on diesel engine characteristics. Symmetry (Basel) 2020;12. https://doi.org/10.3390/SYM12060961.
  • Duan X, Li Y, Liu J, Guo G, Fu J, Zhang Q, et al. Experimental study the effects of various compression ratios and spark timing on performance and emission of a lean-burn heavy-duty spark ignition engine fueled with methane gas and hydrogen blends. Energy 2019;169:558–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.029.
  • Ilkiliç C, Çilʇin E, Aydin H. Terebinth oil for biodiesel production and its diesel engine application. J Energy Inst 2015;88:292–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2014.09.001.
  • Gad MS, Jayaraj S. A comparative study on the effect of nano-additives on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine run on Jatropha biodiesel. Fuel 2020;267:117168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117168.
  • Haiter Lenin A, Azhagesan N, Berlin Selva Rex CR, Thyagarajan K. Performance of diesel engine operating with pongamia methyl esters as biodiesel. Asian J Sci Res 2012;5:153–61. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajsr.2012.153.161.
  • Khan TMY. Direct transesterification for biodiesel production and testing the engine for performance and emissions run on biodiesel-diesel-nano blends. Nanomaterials 2021;11:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020417.
  • Khatri D, Goyal R. Effects of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the performance and emission features at different injection timings using water diesel emulsified fuel. Energy Convers Manag 2020;205:112379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112379.
  • Attai YA, Abu-Elyazeed OS, ElBeshbeshy MR, Ramadan MA, Gad MS. Diesel engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of castor oil blends using pyrolysis. Adv Mech Eng 2020;12:1687814020975527. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814020975527.
  • Hojati A, Shirneshan A. Effect of compression ratio variation and waste cooking oil methyl ester on the combustion and emission characteristics of an engine. Energy Environ 2020;31:1257–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X19893045.
  • Kumar S, Dinesha P, Rosen MA. Effect of injection pressure on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a biodiesel engine with cerium oxide nanoparticle additive. Energy 2019;185:1163–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.124.
  • İLKILIÇ C, ÇILGIN E. The Effect of Terebinth oil Methyl Ester on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Diesel Engine. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilim Enstitüsü Derg 2014;4:75–85.
  • Prabhu A, Venkata Ramanan M, Jayaprabakar J, Harish V. Experimental investigation of emission characteristics on ricebran biodiesel–alcohol blends in a diesel engine. Int J Ambient Energy 2021;42:1123–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2019.1586768.
  • Çilgin E. Analysis of the plant’s biofuel ability obtained by natural hybridization. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2021;43:1486–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1854392.
  • HAZAR H, Uyar M, Aydın H, Şap E. The effects of apricots seed oil biodiesel with some additives on performance and emissions of a diesel engine. Int J Automot Eng Technol 2016;5:102–14. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.287176.
  • Rakopoulos CD, Hountalas DT, Zannis TC, Levendis YA. Operational and environmental evaluation of diesel engines burning oxygen-enriched intake air or oxygen-enriched fuels: A review. SAE Tech Pap 2004;113:1723–43. https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2924.
  • Yoon SH, Suh HK, Lee CS. Effect of spray and EGR rate on the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuel in a compression ignition engine. Energy and Fuels 2009;23:1486–93. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef800949a.
  • Deviren H, Çılğın E. Spectroscopic verification of biodiesel synthesis from turpentine tree oil through two-step chemical reactions: investigation of the use of synthesized biodiesel and acetone as fuel additives in diesel engines. Energy Sources, Part A Recover Util Environ Eff 2024;46:35–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2277363.
  • Canakci M. Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged DI compression ignition engine fueled with petroleum diesel fuels and biodiesel. Bioresour Technol 2007;98:1167–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.05.024.
  • Uyar M, Aydın H. Production of low sulfur diesel-like fuel from crude oil wastes by pyrolytic distillation and its usage in a diesel engine. Energy 2022;244:122683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122683.
  • Vijayakumar S, Mahadevan S, Arulmozhi P, Sriram S, Praseetha PK. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Atalantia monophylla leaf extracts: Characterization and antimicrobial analysis. Mater Sci Semicond Process 2018;82:39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2018.03.017.
  • ÇILGIN E. Investigation of the pure use of microalg oil in diesel engines. Int J Automot Eng Technol 2022;11:1–8. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.874696.
  • Tschakert P, Huber-Sannwald E, Ojima DS, Raupach MR, Schienke E. Holistic, adaptive management of the terrestrial carbon cycle at local and regional scales. Glob Environ Chang 2008;18:128–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.07.001.
  • Arul Mozhi Selvan V, Anand RB, Udayakumar M. Effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes as fuel-borne additives in diesterol blends on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio engine. Fuel 2014;130:160–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.04.034.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Biomass Energy Systems
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Erdal Çılğın 0000-0003-2365-734X

Halis Deviren 0000-0002-8698-7576

Early Pub Date April 30, 2024
Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date February 27, 2024
Acceptance Date March 30, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 40 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çılğın, E., & Deviren, H. (2024). Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 40(1), 75-91.
AMA Çılğın E, Deviren H. Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. April 2024;40(1):75-91.
Chicago Çılğın, Erdal, and Halis Deviren. “Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 40, no. 1 (April 2024): 75-91.
EndNote Çılğın E, Deviren H (April 1, 2024) Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 40 1 75–91.
IEEE E. Çılğın and H. Deviren, “Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması”, Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 75–91, 2024.
ISNAD Çılğın, Erdal - Deviren, Halis. “Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 40/1 (April 2024), 75-91.
JAMA Çılğın E, Deviren H. Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;40:75–91.
MLA Çılğın, Erdal and Halis Deviren. “Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 40, no. 1, 2024, pp. 75-91.
Vancouver Çılğın E, Deviren H. Dizel Motorlarda Yakıt Katkı Maddeleri Olarak Nanopartiküllerin Kullanımının Araştırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;40(1):75-91.
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