Pozitif Psikoloji Temelli Bir Psiko-Eğitim Programının Ergenlerin Karakter Güçleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 92 - 103, 28.03.2024

İrem Yıldırım Ferhat Kardaş

https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1411176

Abstract

Son yıllarda karakter güçlerinin ve erdemlerin fark edilmesi, güçlendirilmesi ve yaşamın her alanında kullanılmasının sağlanması önemli çalışma alanlarından biri hâline gelmiştir. Yapılan çeşitli araştırmalar çocuklar, ergenler ve yetişkinler üzerindeki olumlu ve geliştirici etkileri göz önüne alındığında, karakter güçlerini geliştirmeye yönelik çalışmalar yapılmasının birey ve toplum ruh sağlığı açısından önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada ergenlere yönelik pozitif psikoloji temelli ve karakter güçlerini geliştirme odaklı bir psiko-eğitim programı hazırlanmış ve ergenlerin karakter güçleri, özsaygı, iyimserlik, şükran düzeylerinin artırılması ve kötümserlik düzeylerinin azaltılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ön test, son test, izleme testli, kontrol gruplu 2x3’lük split-plot deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya toplamda 32 öğrenci katılmıştır. Deney grubundaki katılımcılara 15 oturumluk pozitif psikoloji temelli müdahale programı uygulanmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Karakter Güçleri Envanteri (VIA-IS-P), Pears-Harris Çocuklar İçin Öz Kavramı Ölçeği, İyimserlik-Kötümserlik Ölçeği ve Şükran Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, Mann Whitney-U testi ve Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, psiko-eğitim programının ergenlerin öz saygı, iyimserlik, şükran ve toplam karakter güçleri düzeylerini artırmada ve kötümserlik düzeylerini azaltmada etkili olduğunu; psiko-eğitim programının ergenlerin karakter güçleri, öz saygı, iyimserlik, düzeylerini artırmada ve kötümserlik düzeylerini azaltmada orta, şükran düzeylerini artırmada ise yüksek etki değerine sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ulaşılan bulgular çerçevesinde araştırmacı ve uygulayıcılara öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

karakter güçleri, iyimserlik, şükran, özsaygı

Examining the Effectiveness of a Positive Psychology-Based Psychoeducation Program on Adolescents' Character Strengths

Abstract

In recent years, recognizing character strengths and virtues, strengthening them, and ensuring their use in all areas of life has become one of the important areas of study. Considering the positive and developmental effects of various studies on children, adolescents, and adults, it appears that conducting studies to develop character strengths is important for individual and community mental health. This study was aimed to increase the character strengths, self-esteem, optimism, gratitude levels and reduce the pessimism levels of adolescents. A 2x3 split-plot experimental design with pre-test, post-test, follow-up test and control group were used in the study. A total of 32 students participated in the research. A 15-session intervention program based on positive psychology was applied to the participants in the experimental group. Character Strengths Inventory (VIA-IS-P), Pears-Harris Self-Concept Scale for Children, Optimism-Pessimism Scale and Gratitude Scale were used to collect data in the study. Research revealed that the positive psychology-based psychoeducation program applied was effective in increasing adolescents' self-esteem, optimism, gratitude, and total character strength levels and reducing their pessimism levels; the applied psycho-education program has a medium effect value in increasing adolescents' character strengths, self-esteem and optimism levels and decreasing their pessimism levels, and a high effect value in increasing their gratitude levels.

Keywords

Character strengths, optimism, gratitude, self-esteem

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