Kablo yoğun Türk dağıtım şebekelerinde kapasitif akım temelli hatalı açmaların engellenmesi için yöntem-hibritasyonu

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 883 - 898, 30.11.2023

Mert Bekir Atsever Mehmet Hakan Hocaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1216742

Abstract

Modern dağıtım şebekeleri farklı ihtiyaçları karşılayacak şekilde evrimleşmektedir. Temelde bu değişimin kaynağı artan enerji talebi ve arz güvenliğidir. Artan enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla dağıtım şebekelerinde pek çok paralel fider çıkışı, arz güvenliğinin artırılması noktasında ise yoğun yeraltı kablosu kullanımı mevcuttur. Tek faz toprak arızası sırasında arızanın yaşanmadığı fiderlerde yeraltı kablolarının kapasitif akımlarından dolayı görülen sıfır sıra akımlar hatalı açmaya sebebiyet vermektedir.
Büyükşehirlerde kullanılan dağıtım şebekeleri uzun mesafeli yeraltı kablosuna ve yüksek miktarda paralel fider çıkışlarına sahip olması ile dikkat çekmektedir. Ayrıca farklı tip nötr topraklama yöntemleri uygulanmaktadır. Bu durum hatalı açma probleminin giderilmesi noktasında tek tip koruma yönteminin ve röle ayarının uygulanabilirliğini ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Bu nedenle dağıtım topolojisine özgü fider bazlı toprak koruma hibritasyonu gerçekleştirilmelidir.
Bu çalışmada, yöntem hibritasyonu geliştirilmiş ve 62-baralı dağıtım şebekesinde farklı hat topolojileri ve farklı nötr topraklama yöntemleri için tek faz toprak arızası sonucu yaşanan hatalı açmaları gidermek amacıyla uygulanmıştır. Yapılan uygulama ile fider bazlı hibrit koruma yöntemleri ve bu yöntemlere ait röle ayar değerleri önerilerek yöntemin geçerliliği gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

kapasitif akım, hatalı açma, nötr topraklaması, toprak koruma

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