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Improving the slake durability index values of tuff with a water-based copolymer treatment

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 249 - 258, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1334176

Abstract

Tuff has been used as a natural building stone in the construction industry since the earliest times. Tuff is slight, simple to manufacture, and has good isolation qualities, which is why it is used so frequently despite its low strength characteristics and high porosity. In this study, samples of white and pink tuff from the regions of Derbent and Gümele districts of Eskisehir province were treated with a water-based (water-soluble) copolymer bath to evaluate their endurance to atmospheric conditions. Spherical samples were subjected to 30-minute slake durability index testing in a water-based copolymer bath. The index values of the initial spherical samples were contrasted with the index values from the fourth cycle of the spherical samples that had received the copolymer bath treatment. Although the index values of the original spherical samples were determined to be 92.22% and 95.32%, respectively, the index values of the spherical sample sets treated with a water-based copolymer bath were determined to be 98.29% and 98.83%, respectively. The study results indicate that spherical samples with a water-based copolymer bath treatment had a greater impact on improving the slake durability index values compared to spherical samples without treatment.

References

  • Aksoy, M., Ankara, H., & Kandemir, S. Y. (2019). Preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for Slake Durability Index test. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(9), 5243–5250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02254-1
  • Ankara, H. (2017). Determination of ideally slake durability index (SDI) value depending on number of cycles. Dicle University Journal of Engineering, 8(4), 871-882.
  • Ankara, H., Aksoy, M., & Yerel, S. (2013). Preparation of Equidimensional Spherical Samples of Rocks for Water Dispersion Stability Test. EskiSehir Osmangazi University BAP Project No: 201015013.
  • Ankara, H., & Çiçek, F. (2019). Utilization of statistical mean control charts in slake durability index (SDI) tests. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 34(1), 17-42. https://doi.org/ 10.17341/gazimmfd.416458.
  • ASTM D4644, (1990). Standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks: Annual book of ASTM standards. Philadelphia.
  • ASTM D4644, (1998). Standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks. American Society for Testing and Materials International, West Conshohocken.
  • Bascetin, A., Adiguzel, D., Eker, H., Odabas, E., & Tuylu, S. (2020). Efects of puzzolanic materials in surface paste disposal by pilot‑scale tests: observation of physical changes. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(4), 949–964. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02892-w.
  • Bascetin, A., Adiguzel, D., Eker, H., Odabas, E., & Tuylu, S. (2022). The investigation of geochemical and geomechanical properties in surface paste disposal by pilot‑scale tests. International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 36(8), 537–551. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2076501. Bella, J. M., Entwisle, D. C., & Culshaw, M. G. (1997). A geotechnical survey of some British Coal Measures mudstones, with particular emphasis on durability. Engineering Geology, 46(2), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(96)00106-8.
  • Binal, A., Kasapoğlu, K. E. & Gökçeoğlu, C. (1997). Change of some physical and mechanical parameters of volcanic sedimentary rocks outcropping around Eskişehir-Yazılıkaya under freeze-thaw effect. Earth Sciences Application and Research Center Bulletin, 19 (pp. 17-40).
  • Binal, A. (1996). Investigation of the instability mechanisms observed in volcanosedimentary rocks at Ihlara Valley [PhD thesis, Hacettepe University Institute of Science].
  • Cheraghian, G., Nezhad, S. S. K., Kamari, M., Hemmati, M., Masihi, M. & Bazgir, S. (2014). Adsorption polymer on reservoir rock and role of the nanoparticles, clay and SiO2, International Nano Letters, 4, 114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-014-0114-7.
  • Cetin, H., Laman, M., & Ertunc, A. (2000). Settlement and slaking problems in the world’s fourth largest rock-fill dam, the Ataturk Dam in Turkey. Engineering Geology, 56(3-4), 225-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00049-6.
  • Chandra, R., (1970). Slake durability test for rocks [M.Sc. Thesis, Imperial College].
  • Danaei, S., & Fereidooni, D. (2023). On the importance of specimen’s geometric shape effectse on the slake-durability index of limestones and grain size distribution of the sediment particles obtained during the test. Construction and Building Materials, 394, 132205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132205.
  • Dhakal, G., Yoneda, T., Kato, M., & Kaneko, K. (2002). Slake durability and mineralogical properties of some pyroclastic and sedimentary rocks. Engineering Geology, 65(1), 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00101-6.
  • Eker, H., & Bascetin, A. (2022). Influence of silica fume on mechanical property of cemented paste backfill. Construction and Building Materials, 317, 126089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126089.
  • Erguler, Z. A., & Ulusay, R. (2009). Assessment of physical disintegration characteristics of clay-bearing rocks: Disintegration index test and a new durability classification chart, Engineering Geology, 105(1-2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.12.013.
  • Fan, B. J., Zhao, F.J., Zhang, Z. T. & Liu, Y. H. (2021). Experimental study on the disintegration properties of red sandstone. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 40(4), 2077-2089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-02012-6.
  • Franklin, J. A., & Chandra, R. (1972). The slake durability test. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 9(3), 325-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(72)90001-0.
  • Gemici, Ü. (2001). Durability of shales in Narlıdere, İzmir, Turkey, with an emphasis on the impact of water on slaking behavior. Environmental Geology, 41(3-4), 430-439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540100409.
  • Gökçeoğlu, C., Ulusay, R., & Sönmez, H. (2000). Factors affecting the durability of selected weak and clay-bearing rocks from Turkey with particular emphasis on the influence of number of drying and wetting cycles. Engineering Geology, 57(3-4), 215-237.
  • Halake, K., Birajdar, B., Kim, B. S., Bare, H., Lee, C. C., Kim, Y. J., Kim, S., Kim, H. J., Ahn, S., An, S. Y. & Lee, J. (2014). Recent application developments of water-soluble synthetic polymers. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(6), 3913-3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.006.
  • Hartono, E., Wardani, S. P. R., & Muntohar, A. S. (2019). Slake durability of the compacted siltstone fragment with cement stabilization. International Journal of GEOMATE, 17(64), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.21660/2019.64.84678.
  • ISRM, (2007). The Complete International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 1974-2006. In: Ulusay, R. and Hudson, J. (eds.), International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Turkish National Group, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Khajevand, R. (2022). Soft computing approaches for evaluating the slake durability index of rock. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15(23), 1698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10997-4.
  • Shahid, R. S. (2022). Evaluation of multivariable regression in predicting rock slake durability index. SRPH Journal of Fundamental Scienses and Technology, 4(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.47176/sjfst.4.1.1.
  • Sözmen, B. (2000). Investigation of detoration mechanism of Yazılıkaya tuffs in Midas Monument [MSc. Thesis, Middle East Technical University].
  • Ulusay, R., Arıkan, F., Yoleri, M. F., & Çağlan, D. (1995). Engineering geological characterization of coal mine waste metarial and an evaluation in the context of back analysis of spail pile instabilities in a strip mine, SW Turkey. Engineering Geology, 40(1-2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(95)00042-9.
  • Hawkins, A. B. (2009, May). Ulusay, R., Hudson, J. A. (eds.): The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterisation, Testing and Monitoring. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 68(2), 287–288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-009-0213-2.
  • Ulusay, R., Gökçeoğlu, C., & Binal, A. (2011). Rock Mechanics Laboratory Experiments (3rd ed). Chamber of Geological Engineers Publications.
  • Viterbo, V., McLemore, V., Donahue, K., Aimone-Martin, C., Fakhimi, A. & Sweeney, D. (2007). Effects of chemistry, mineralogy, petrography and alteration on rock engineering properties of The Goathill North Rock Pile at The Molycorp Questa Mine, New Mexico. 2007 SME Annual Meeting (pp. 1-8), Denver.

Su bazlı kopolimer uygulaması ile tüflerin suda dağılmaya karşı duraylılık indeksi değerlerinin iyileştirilmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 249 - 258, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1334176

Abstract

Tüf, antik çağlardan beri inşaat sektöründe doğal yapı taşı olarak kullanılan bir malzeme biçimi olmuştur. Düşük mukavemet özelliklerine ve yüksek gözenekliliğine rağmen; hafif olması, üretiminin kolay olması ve iyi izolasyon özelliklerine sahip olması nedeniyle bu kadar sık kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, Eskişehir ili Derbent ve Gümele bölgelerinden alınan beyaz ve pembe tüf numunelerinin atmosferik şartlara dayanıklılıklarını değerlendirmek için su bazlı kopolimer banyosuna tabi tutulmuştur. Küresel tüf numunelerine, su bazlı bir kopolimer banyosunda 30 dakika bekletilmiş, sonra suda dağılmaya karşı duraylılık indeksi testi uygulanmıştır. Orijinal numunelerin indeks değerleri, kopolimer banyosuna tabi tutulan küresel numunelerin dördüncü çevrim indeks değerleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Orijinal numunelerin indeks değerleri sırasıyla %92,22 ve %95,32 olarak belirlenirken, su bazlı kopolimer banyosu ile işlem görmüş küresel numune setlerinin indeks değerleri sırasıyla %98,29 ve %98,83 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, su bazlı kopolimer banyo işlemine tutulan tüf numunelerinin, işlem görmemiş numunelere kıyasla, suda dağılmaya karşı duraylılık indeksi değerlerini iyileştirmede daha büyük bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Aksoy, M., Ankara, H., & Kandemir, S. Y. (2019). Preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for Slake Durability Index test. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(9), 5243–5250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02254-1
  • Ankara, H. (2017). Determination of ideally slake durability index (SDI) value depending on number of cycles. Dicle University Journal of Engineering, 8(4), 871-882.
  • Ankara, H., Aksoy, M., & Yerel, S. (2013). Preparation of Equidimensional Spherical Samples of Rocks for Water Dispersion Stability Test. EskiSehir Osmangazi University BAP Project No: 201015013.
  • Ankara, H., & Çiçek, F. (2019). Utilization of statistical mean control charts in slake durability index (SDI) tests. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 34(1), 17-42. https://doi.org/ 10.17341/gazimmfd.416458.
  • ASTM D4644, (1990). Standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks: Annual book of ASTM standards. Philadelphia.
  • ASTM D4644, (1998). Standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks. American Society for Testing and Materials International, West Conshohocken.
  • Bascetin, A., Adiguzel, D., Eker, H., Odabas, E., & Tuylu, S. (2020). Efects of puzzolanic materials in surface paste disposal by pilot‑scale tests: observation of physical changes. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(4), 949–964. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02892-w.
  • Bascetin, A., Adiguzel, D., Eker, H., Odabas, E., & Tuylu, S. (2022). The investigation of geochemical and geomechanical properties in surface paste disposal by pilot‑scale tests. International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 36(8), 537–551. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2076501. Bella, J. M., Entwisle, D. C., & Culshaw, M. G. (1997). A geotechnical survey of some British Coal Measures mudstones, with particular emphasis on durability. Engineering Geology, 46(2), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(96)00106-8.
  • Binal, A., Kasapoğlu, K. E. & Gökçeoğlu, C. (1997). Change of some physical and mechanical parameters of volcanic sedimentary rocks outcropping around Eskişehir-Yazılıkaya under freeze-thaw effect. Earth Sciences Application and Research Center Bulletin, 19 (pp. 17-40).
  • Binal, A. (1996). Investigation of the instability mechanisms observed in volcanosedimentary rocks at Ihlara Valley [PhD thesis, Hacettepe University Institute of Science].
  • Cheraghian, G., Nezhad, S. S. K., Kamari, M., Hemmati, M., Masihi, M. & Bazgir, S. (2014). Adsorption polymer on reservoir rock and role of the nanoparticles, clay and SiO2, International Nano Letters, 4, 114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-014-0114-7.
  • Cetin, H., Laman, M., & Ertunc, A. (2000). Settlement and slaking problems in the world’s fourth largest rock-fill dam, the Ataturk Dam in Turkey. Engineering Geology, 56(3-4), 225-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00049-6.
  • Chandra, R., (1970). Slake durability test for rocks [M.Sc. Thesis, Imperial College].
  • Danaei, S., & Fereidooni, D. (2023). On the importance of specimen’s geometric shape effectse on the slake-durability index of limestones and grain size distribution of the sediment particles obtained during the test. Construction and Building Materials, 394, 132205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132205.
  • Dhakal, G., Yoneda, T., Kato, M., & Kaneko, K. (2002). Slake durability and mineralogical properties of some pyroclastic and sedimentary rocks. Engineering Geology, 65(1), 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00101-6.
  • Eker, H., & Bascetin, A. (2022). Influence of silica fume on mechanical property of cemented paste backfill. Construction and Building Materials, 317, 126089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126089.
  • Erguler, Z. A., & Ulusay, R. (2009). Assessment of physical disintegration characteristics of clay-bearing rocks: Disintegration index test and a new durability classification chart, Engineering Geology, 105(1-2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.12.013.
  • Fan, B. J., Zhao, F.J., Zhang, Z. T. & Liu, Y. H. (2021). Experimental study on the disintegration properties of red sandstone. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 40(4), 2077-2089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-02012-6.
  • Franklin, J. A., & Chandra, R. (1972). The slake durability test. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 9(3), 325-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(72)90001-0.
  • Gemici, Ü. (2001). Durability of shales in Narlıdere, İzmir, Turkey, with an emphasis on the impact of water on slaking behavior. Environmental Geology, 41(3-4), 430-439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540100409.
  • Gökçeoğlu, C., Ulusay, R., & Sönmez, H. (2000). Factors affecting the durability of selected weak and clay-bearing rocks from Turkey with particular emphasis on the influence of number of drying and wetting cycles. Engineering Geology, 57(3-4), 215-237.
  • Halake, K., Birajdar, B., Kim, B. S., Bare, H., Lee, C. C., Kim, Y. J., Kim, S., Kim, H. J., Ahn, S., An, S. Y. & Lee, J. (2014). Recent application developments of water-soluble synthetic polymers. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(6), 3913-3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.006.
  • Hartono, E., Wardani, S. P. R., & Muntohar, A. S. (2019). Slake durability of the compacted siltstone fragment with cement stabilization. International Journal of GEOMATE, 17(64), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.21660/2019.64.84678.
  • ISRM, (2007). The Complete International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 1974-2006. In: Ulusay, R. and Hudson, J. (eds.), International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Turkish National Group, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Khajevand, R. (2022). Soft computing approaches for evaluating the slake durability index of rock. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15(23), 1698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10997-4.
  • Shahid, R. S. (2022). Evaluation of multivariable regression in predicting rock slake durability index. SRPH Journal of Fundamental Scienses and Technology, 4(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.47176/sjfst.4.1.1.
  • Sözmen, B. (2000). Investigation of detoration mechanism of Yazılıkaya tuffs in Midas Monument [MSc. Thesis, Middle East Technical University].
  • Ulusay, R., Arıkan, F., Yoleri, M. F., & Çağlan, D. (1995). Engineering geological characterization of coal mine waste metarial and an evaluation in the context of back analysis of spail pile instabilities in a strip mine, SW Turkey. Engineering Geology, 40(1-2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(95)00042-9.
  • Hawkins, A. B. (2009, May). Ulusay, R., Hudson, J. A. (eds.): The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterisation, Testing and Monitoring. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 68(2), 287–288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-009-0213-2.
  • Ulusay, R., Gökçeoğlu, C., & Binal, A. (2011). Rock Mechanics Laboratory Experiments (3rd ed). Chamber of Geological Engineers Publications.
  • Viterbo, V., McLemore, V., Donahue, K., Aimone-Martin, C., Fakhimi, A. & Sweeney, D. (2007). Effects of chemistry, mineralogy, petrography and alteration on rock engineering properties of The Goathill North Rock Pile at The Molycorp Questa Mine, New Mexico. 2007 SME Annual Meeting (pp. 1-8), Denver.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Rock Mechanics and Fortification
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilüfer Kurşunoğlu 0000-0003-1765-9015

Hüseyin Ankara 0000-0003-2499-7928

Publication Date March 15, 2024
Submission Date July 28, 2023
Acceptance Date December 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kurşunoğlu, N., & Ankara, H. (2024). Improving the slake durability index values of tuff with a water-based copolymer treatment. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 249-258. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1334176