Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 464 - 474, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.35860/iarej.978978

Abstract

References

  • 1. Shrestha R. and A. Al-Tabbaa, Development of predictive models for cement stabilized soils. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 221–231.
  • 2. Dias D.R., G. Camarini, and M.G. Miguel, Preliminary laboratory tests to study the increase of strength in samples of soft soils with cement, for treatments using Dry-Mix System. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 454–462.
  • 3. Li L., F. Santos, Y. Li, P.E.W. Shao, Q. Zhao, and F. Amini, Evaluation of fly ash and soil mixtures for use in highway embankments. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3672–3680.
  • 4. Ranga S.K., Geotechnical characterization of soft clay treated with a bottom and fly ash mixture. In: Geo-China: Innovative Technologies for Severe Weather and Climate Change, 2016: Shandong, China. p. 118–125.
  • 5. Akash P., K. Arvind, G. Deepak, and P. Pankaj, Compaction and strength behavior of tire crumbles–fly ash mixed with clay. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2018. 30(4): p. 1–9.
  • 6. Show K., J. Tay, and A.T.C. Goh, Reuse of incinerator fly ash in soft soil stabilization. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2003. 15(4): p. 335–343.
  • 7. Kumar B.R.P. and R.S. Sharma, Effect of fly ash on engineering properties of expansive soils. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2004. 130(7): p. 764–767.
  • 8. Senol A., E. Etminan, and C.G. Olgun, Stabilization of clayey soils using fly ash and homopolymerpolypropylene. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3929–3938.
  • 9. Amadi A.A., A.O. Eberemu, and K.J. Osinubi, Strength consideration in the use of lateritic soil stabilized with fly ash as liners and covers in waste landfills. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3835–3844.
  • 10. Akbulut S. and A. Sağlamer, Evaluation of fly ash and clay in soil grouting. In: Grouting and Ground Treatment, 2003: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 1192–1199.
  • 11. Jongpradist P., N. Jumlongrach, Y. Sompote, and S. Chucheepsakul, Influence of fly ash on unconfined compressive strength of cement-admixed clay at high water content. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2010. 22(1): p. 49–58.
  • 12. Zhang C., J. Yang, X. Ou, J. Fu, Y. Xie, and X. Liang, Clay dosage and water/cement ratio of clay-cement grout for optimal engineering performance. Applied Clay Science, 2018. 163(1): p. 312–318.
  • 13. Ribeiro D., R. Néri, and R. Cardoso, Influence of water content in the UCS of soil-cement mixtures for different cement dosages. In: Procedia Engineering. Elsevier Ltd., 2016. 143(1): p. 59–66.
  • 14. Azadi M.R., A. Taghichian, and A. Taheri, Optimization of cement-based grouts using chemical additives. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017. 9(4): p. 623–637.
  • 15. Zhang Q., J. Liu, J. Liu, F. Han, and W. Lin, Effect of superplasticizers on apparent viscosity of cement-based material with a low water–binder ratio. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2016. 28(9): p. 1–7.
  • 16. Shaikh F.U. and S.W.M. Supit, Effects of superplasticizer types and mixing methods of nanoparticles on compressive strengths of cement pastes. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2016. 28(2): p. 1–7.
  • 17. Aita C.A.G., I.C. Goss, T.S. Rosendo, M.D. Tier, A. Wiedenhöft, and A. Reguly, Shear strength optimization for FSSW AA6060-T5 joints by Taguchi and full factorial design. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020. 9(6): p. 16072–9.
  • 18. Voelkel J.G., Fractional factorial designs. In: Encyclopedia of Statistics in Quality and Reliability. 2008, Chichester, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • 19. Taguchi G. and S. Konishi, Taguchi methods orthogonal arrays and linear graphs: Tools for quality engineering. 1987, Dearborn, Michigan: Amer Supplier Inst.
  • 20. Taguchi G., E.A. Elsayed, and T.C. Hsiang, Quality engineering in production systems. 1989, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill.
  • 21. Taguchi G., Introduction to quality engineering: Designing quality into products and processes. 4th ed. 1988, Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization.
  • 22. Taguchi G., S. Chowdhury, and Y. Wu. Taguchi’s Quality Engineering Handbook. 2004, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • 23. Tan Ö., Investigation of soil parameters affecting the stability of homogeneous slopes using the Taguchi method. Eurasian Soil Science, 2006. 39(11): p. 1248–1254.
  • 24. Tan Ö., A.S. Zaimoglu, S. Hinislioglu, and S. Altun, Taguchi approach for optimization of the bleeding on cement-based grouts. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2005. 20(2): p. 167–173.
  • 25. Wasantha P.L.P. and P.G. Ranjith, The Taguchi approach to the evaluation of the influence of different testing conditions on the mechanical properties of rock. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014. 72(1): p. 79–89.
  • 26. Zhang F., M. Wang, amd M. Yang, Successful application of the Taguchi method to simulated soil erosion experiments at the slope scale under various conditions. CATENA, 2021. 196:104835.
  • 27. Özel S., E. Vural, and M. Binici, Taguchi method for investigation of the effect of TBC coatings on Ni-Cr bond-coated diesel engine on exhaust gas emissions. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal, 2020. 4(1): p. 14–20.
  • 28. ASTM C494/C494M−19, Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete. 2020, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 29. Derringer G. and R. Suich, Simultaneous optimization of several response variables. Journal of Quality Technology, 1980. 12(4): p. 214–219.
  • 30. Bouzid L., S. Berkani, M.A. Yallese, F. Girardin, and T. Mabrouki, Estimation and optimization of flank wear and tool lifespan in finish turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using desirability function approach. International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 2018. 9(1): p. 349–368.
  • 31. Fitrianto A. and H. Midi, Multi-response optimization via desirability function for the black liquor data. Journal of Science and Technology, 2012. 4(1): p. 91-101.
  • 32. Sahoo A.K. and P.C. Mishra, A response surface methodology and desirability approach for predictive modeling and optimization of cutting temperature in machining hardened steel. International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 2014. 5(3): p. 407–416.
  • 33. ASTM D2166-00, Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. 2000, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 34. Lorenzo G.A. and D.T. Bergado, Fundamental characteristics of cement-admixed clay in deep mixing. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2006. 18(2): p. 161–174.
  • 35. Bergado D.T. and G.A. Lorenzo, Economical mixing method for cement deep mixing. In: Innovations in Grouting and Soil Improvement, 2005: Austin, Texas, United States. p. 1–10.
  • 36. Tastan E.O., T.B. Edil, C.H. Benson, and A.H. Aydilek, Stabilization of organic soils with fly ash. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2011. 137(9): p. 819–833.
  • 37. Uray E., Ö. Tan, S. Çarbaş, and İ.H. Erkan, Metaheuristics-based pre-design guide for cantilever retaining walls. Teknik Dergi, 2021. 32(4): p. 10967–93.
  • 38. Kate G.K., C.B. Nayak, and S.B. Thakare, Optimization of sustainable high-strength–high-volume fly ash concrete with and without steel fiber using Taguchi method and multi-regression analysis. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 2021. 6(2): p. 1-18.
  • 39. Şimşek B., Y.T. İç, E.H. Şimşek, A full factorial design-based desirability function approach for optimization of properties of C 40/50 concrete class. Mathematical and Computational Applications, 2013. 18(3): p. 330–339.
  • 40. ASTM D5084-16a. Standard test methods for measurement of hydraulic conductivity of saturated porous materials using a flexible wall permeameter. 2016, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 41. Fatahi B., D. Engelbert, S. Mujic, and H. Khabbaz, Assessment of surcharging on strength and stiffness of cement treated clays. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 272–80.
  • 42. Priyadarshee A., A. Kumar, D. Gupta, and P. Pushkarna, Compaction and strength behavior of tire crumbles–fly ash mixed with clay. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2018. 30(4):04018033 p. 1-9.
  • 43. Faroug F., J. Szwabowski, and S. Wild, Influence of superplasticizers on workability of concrete. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1999. 11(2): p. 151-157.

Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 464 - 474, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.35860/iarej.978978

Abstract

In the present research, the optimum condition of the grout consisting of cement, fly ash, superplasticizer, and water was determined to produce the most durable and impermeable deep mixing columns (DMC) on silty soils. It is aimed to reduce the grout cost and environmental pollution by using high-rate fly ash in the grout. Superplasticizer additive was used to increase the flow consistency of grout consisting of high-rate fly ash. The design of the experiments was made using the 5-parameter and 4-level L16 orthogonal array table specific to the Taguchi method. Accordingly, the unconfined compression strength (qu) and the permeability coefficient (k) of the soil-binder mixtures at the end of the 7- and 28-days curing time were determined. According to the test results, regression analyzes were performed and models with high reliability were created for qu and k. As a result of optimization studies, to produce DMC having high strength and low permeability, grout content should be consisting of 14% cement, 14% fly ash (ratio of fly ash in the binder is 50%), 2.68% super plasticizer additive, and 0.95 water/binder ratio. The pozzolanic reactions in soil-binder samples with different grout contents were examined by SEM analysis.

References

  • 1. Shrestha R. and A. Al-Tabbaa, Development of predictive models for cement stabilized soils. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 221–231.
  • 2. Dias D.R., G. Camarini, and M.G. Miguel, Preliminary laboratory tests to study the increase of strength in samples of soft soils with cement, for treatments using Dry-Mix System. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 454–462.
  • 3. Li L., F. Santos, Y. Li, P.E.W. Shao, Q. Zhao, and F. Amini, Evaluation of fly ash and soil mixtures for use in highway embankments. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3672–3680.
  • 4. Ranga S.K., Geotechnical characterization of soft clay treated with a bottom and fly ash mixture. In: Geo-China: Innovative Technologies for Severe Weather and Climate Change, 2016: Shandong, China. p. 118–125.
  • 5. Akash P., K. Arvind, G. Deepak, and P. Pankaj, Compaction and strength behavior of tire crumbles–fly ash mixed with clay. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2018. 30(4): p. 1–9.
  • 6. Show K., J. Tay, and A.T.C. Goh, Reuse of incinerator fly ash in soft soil stabilization. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2003. 15(4): p. 335–343.
  • 7. Kumar B.R.P. and R.S. Sharma, Effect of fly ash on engineering properties of expansive soils. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2004. 130(7): p. 764–767.
  • 8. Senol A., E. Etminan, and C.G. Olgun, Stabilization of clayey soils using fly ash and homopolymerpolypropylene. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3929–3938.
  • 9. Amadi A.A., A.O. Eberemu, and K.J. Osinubi, Strength consideration in the use of lateritic soil stabilized with fly ash as liners and covers in waste landfills. In: Geo-Congress: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, 2012: Oakland, California, United States. p. 3835–3844.
  • 10. Akbulut S. and A. Sağlamer, Evaluation of fly ash and clay in soil grouting. In: Grouting and Ground Treatment, 2003: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 1192–1199.
  • 11. Jongpradist P., N. Jumlongrach, Y. Sompote, and S. Chucheepsakul, Influence of fly ash on unconfined compressive strength of cement-admixed clay at high water content. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2010. 22(1): p. 49–58.
  • 12. Zhang C., J. Yang, X. Ou, J. Fu, Y. Xie, and X. Liang, Clay dosage and water/cement ratio of clay-cement grout for optimal engineering performance. Applied Clay Science, 2018. 163(1): p. 312–318.
  • 13. Ribeiro D., R. Néri, and R. Cardoso, Influence of water content in the UCS of soil-cement mixtures for different cement dosages. In: Procedia Engineering. Elsevier Ltd., 2016. 143(1): p. 59–66.
  • 14. Azadi M.R., A. Taghichian, and A. Taheri, Optimization of cement-based grouts using chemical additives. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017. 9(4): p. 623–637.
  • 15. Zhang Q., J. Liu, J. Liu, F. Han, and W. Lin, Effect of superplasticizers on apparent viscosity of cement-based material with a low water–binder ratio. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2016. 28(9): p. 1–7.
  • 16. Shaikh F.U. and S.W.M. Supit, Effects of superplasticizer types and mixing methods of nanoparticles on compressive strengths of cement pastes. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2016. 28(2): p. 1–7.
  • 17. Aita C.A.G., I.C. Goss, T.S. Rosendo, M.D. Tier, A. Wiedenhöft, and A. Reguly, Shear strength optimization for FSSW AA6060-T5 joints by Taguchi and full factorial design. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020. 9(6): p. 16072–9.
  • 18. Voelkel J.G., Fractional factorial designs. In: Encyclopedia of Statistics in Quality and Reliability. 2008, Chichester, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • 19. Taguchi G. and S. Konishi, Taguchi methods orthogonal arrays and linear graphs: Tools for quality engineering. 1987, Dearborn, Michigan: Amer Supplier Inst.
  • 20. Taguchi G., E.A. Elsayed, and T.C. Hsiang, Quality engineering in production systems. 1989, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill.
  • 21. Taguchi G., Introduction to quality engineering: Designing quality into products and processes. 4th ed. 1988, Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization.
  • 22. Taguchi G., S. Chowdhury, and Y. Wu. Taguchi’s Quality Engineering Handbook. 2004, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • 23. Tan Ö., Investigation of soil parameters affecting the stability of homogeneous slopes using the Taguchi method. Eurasian Soil Science, 2006. 39(11): p. 1248–1254.
  • 24. Tan Ö., A.S. Zaimoglu, S. Hinislioglu, and S. Altun, Taguchi approach for optimization of the bleeding on cement-based grouts. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2005. 20(2): p. 167–173.
  • 25. Wasantha P.L.P. and P.G. Ranjith, The Taguchi approach to the evaluation of the influence of different testing conditions on the mechanical properties of rock. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014. 72(1): p. 79–89.
  • 26. Zhang F., M. Wang, amd M. Yang, Successful application of the Taguchi method to simulated soil erosion experiments at the slope scale under various conditions. CATENA, 2021. 196:104835.
  • 27. Özel S., E. Vural, and M. Binici, Taguchi method for investigation of the effect of TBC coatings on Ni-Cr bond-coated diesel engine on exhaust gas emissions. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal, 2020. 4(1): p. 14–20.
  • 28. ASTM C494/C494M−19, Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete. 2020, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 29. Derringer G. and R. Suich, Simultaneous optimization of several response variables. Journal of Quality Technology, 1980. 12(4): p. 214–219.
  • 30. Bouzid L., S. Berkani, M.A. Yallese, F. Girardin, and T. Mabrouki, Estimation and optimization of flank wear and tool lifespan in finish turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using desirability function approach. International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 2018. 9(1): p. 349–368.
  • 31. Fitrianto A. and H. Midi, Multi-response optimization via desirability function for the black liquor data. Journal of Science and Technology, 2012. 4(1): p. 91-101.
  • 32. Sahoo A.K. and P.C. Mishra, A response surface methodology and desirability approach for predictive modeling and optimization of cutting temperature in machining hardened steel. International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 2014. 5(3): p. 407–416.
  • 33. ASTM D2166-00, Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. 2000, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 34. Lorenzo G.A. and D.T. Bergado, Fundamental characteristics of cement-admixed clay in deep mixing. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2006. 18(2): p. 161–174.
  • 35. Bergado D.T. and G.A. Lorenzo, Economical mixing method for cement deep mixing. In: Innovations in Grouting and Soil Improvement, 2005: Austin, Texas, United States. p. 1–10.
  • 36. Tastan E.O., T.B. Edil, C.H. Benson, and A.H. Aydilek, Stabilization of organic soils with fly ash. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2011. 137(9): p. 819–833.
  • 37. Uray E., Ö. Tan, S. Çarbaş, and İ.H. Erkan, Metaheuristics-based pre-design guide for cantilever retaining walls. Teknik Dergi, 2021. 32(4): p. 10967–93.
  • 38. Kate G.K., C.B. Nayak, and S.B. Thakare, Optimization of sustainable high-strength–high-volume fly ash concrete with and without steel fiber using Taguchi method and multi-regression analysis. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 2021. 6(2): p. 1-18.
  • 39. Şimşek B., Y.T. İç, E.H. Şimşek, A full factorial design-based desirability function approach for optimization of properties of C 40/50 concrete class. Mathematical and Computational Applications, 2013. 18(3): p. 330–339.
  • 40. ASTM D5084-16a. Standard test methods for measurement of hydraulic conductivity of saturated porous materials using a flexible wall permeameter. 2016, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • 41. Fatahi B., D. Engelbert, S. Mujic, and H. Khabbaz, Assessment of surcharging on strength and stiffness of cement treated clays. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, 2012: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. p. 272–80.
  • 42. Priyadarshee A., A. Kumar, D. Gupta, and P. Pushkarna, Compaction and strength behavior of tire crumbles–fly ash mixed with clay. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2018. 30(4):04018033 p. 1-9.
  • 43. Faroug F., J. Szwabowski, and S. Wild, Influence of superplasticizers on workability of concrete. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1999. 11(2): p. 151-157.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yavuz Yenginar 0000-0002-6916-4068

Ahmed A. M. M. Mobark This is me 0000-0002-3989-641X

Murat Olgun 0000-0001-7856-8227

Publication Date December 15, 2021
Submission Date August 5, 2021
Acceptance Date December 10, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yenginar, Y., Mobark, A. A. M. M., & Olgun, M. (2021). Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal, 5(3), 464-474. https://doi.org/10.35860/iarej.978978
AMA Yenginar Y, Mobark AAMM, Olgun M. Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils. Int. Adv. Res. Eng. J. December 2021;5(3):464-474. doi:10.35860/iarej.978978
Chicago Yenginar, Yavuz, Ahmed A. M. M. Mobark, and Murat Olgun. “Investigating the Construction Parameters of Deep Mixing Columns in Silty Soils”. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal 5, no. 3 (December 2021): 464-74. https://doi.org/10.35860/iarej.978978.
EndNote Yenginar Y, Mobark AAMM, Olgun M (December 1, 2021) Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal 5 3 464–474.
IEEE Y. Yenginar, A. A. M. M. Mobark, and M. Olgun, “Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils”, Int. Adv. Res. Eng. J., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 464–474, 2021, doi: 10.35860/iarej.978978.
ISNAD Yenginar, Yavuz et al. “Investigating the Construction Parameters of Deep Mixing Columns in Silty Soils”. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal 5/3 (December 2021), 464-474. https://doi.org/10.35860/iarej.978978.
JAMA Yenginar Y, Mobark AAMM, Olgun M. Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils. Int. Adv. Res. Eng. J. 2021;5:464–474.
MLA Yenginar, Yavuz et al. “Investigating the Construction Parameters of Deep Mixing Columns in Silty Soils”. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal, vol. 5, no. 3, 2021, pp. 464-7, doi:10.35860/iarej.978978.
Vancouver Yenginar Y, Mobark AAMM, Olgun M. Investigating the construction parameters of deep mixing columns in silty soils. Int. Adv. Res. Eng. J. 2021;5(3):464-7.



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