Girişimci Olma Kararının Arkasındaki Faktörler Arası Etkileşimin DEMATEL Yöntemi ile Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 77 - 91, 27.04.2024

Zuhal Şenyuva

https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.1450427

Abstract

Girişimci olmak bireysel bir seçim olduğundan bir karar verme sürecinin çıktısı olarak ele alınabilir. Karar verme sürecinde bireyi etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğu ilgili yazında ‘girişimci olunur mu – girişimci doğulur mu?’ ikilemi içinde dile getirilmektedir. Oysa girişimci olmak sadece biri ya da diğeri değildir; çok boyutlu bir kavramsal açıklama gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada iki ucu da bir araya getirecek biçimde, planlı eylem kuramına dayanan ve kurama duygu bileşenini de katarak genişleten bir model esas alınmıştır. Modelin kapsadığı 12 karar kriterinin birbirinden kopuk olmadığı ve aralarında etkileşim bulunduğu iddia edilmektedir. Bu etkileşimin yapısını ortaya çıkarmak üzere DEMATEL (The Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method) yöntemi kullanılarak halihazırda bir girişim faaliyeti başlatmış olan kişilerden toplanan verilerle analiz yapılmıştır. Analizin bulguları sosyal normların etkileme gücünün yüksek olduğu ve özellikle özgüven ve yenilikçilik kriterlerinin diğer kriterler ile yoğun ilişkide olması nedeniyle ağırlık kazandığı karmaşık bir etkileşim yapısını göstermiştir.

Keywords

Girişimcilik, Karar Verme, Planlı Eylem Kuramı, Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi, DEMATEL

The DEMATEL Analysis of The Interaction Between the Factors Behind the Decision to Become an Entrepreneur

Abstract

Being an entrepreneur can be considered as the outcome of a decision-making process since it is an individual choice. The factors affecting the individual in the decision-making process are discussed in the literature in the dilemma of 'Is entrepreneurship a matter of nature or nurture?’. However, being an entrepreneur is not simply one or the other; it requires a multidimensional conceptual explanation. In this study, a model based on the theory of planned behavior expanded to include the emotional component, is adopted to bring together both ends. It is claimed that the 12 decision criteria included in the model are not disconnected and interact with each other. To reveal the structure of this interaction, analysis is conducted using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method (DEMATEL) with data collected from individuals who have already started entrepreneurial activities. The analysis findings demonstrate a complex interaction structure where social norms have a strong influence, especially self-confidence and innovativeness criteria, which are important due to their intense relationships with other criteria.

Keywords

Entrepreneurship, Decision Making, Theory of Planned Behavior, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, DEMATEL

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