Adalete Erişim ve İnsan Hakları: İslam Hukuku ve Laik Hukuk Sistemlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışması

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 171 - 192, 04.06.2025

Büsra Gülsah Akbaba

Abstract

Bu makale, İslam ve Batı hukuk gelenekleri içindeki adalete erişimin kavramsal çerçevelerini incelemektedir. Makale, her iki sistemde adalete erişim söyleminin evrimine dair kapsamlı bir genel bakış sunarak, adalete erişimi İslam Hukuku perspektifinden kavramsallaştırmak için sağlam bir analitik çerçeve geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Merkezi amaç, İslami adalete erişim kavramları ile Batılı muadilleri arasındaki ilişkiyi tasvir etmek, İslami yaklaşımın ayırt edici özelliklerini ve Batı hukuk gelenekleriyle ortak noktaları vurgulamaktır. Bu makale, adalete erişim ile insan hakları arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi İslam hukuku perspektifinden incelemektedir. Ayrıca, makale İslam’ın Müslüman devletlerde insan haklarının elde edilmesinde tek faktör olmamasına rağmen, bu ülkelerdeki zayıf insan hakları koşullarını iyileştirmek için etkili bir şekilde kullanılabilecek önemli bir unsur olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Karşılaştırmalı yaklaşım iki temel nedenden dolayı kullanılmaktadır. İlk olarak, çalışma, adalete erişimin işlediği sosyal ve kültürel bağlamı anlamak için İslami hukuk geleneklerini anlamanın önemli olduğu Müslüman çoğunluklu ülkelere odaklanmaktadır. İkinci olarak, daha geniş bir karşılaştırmalı bakış açısından, İslam da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli kültürel gelenekler ve dini hukuk sistemleri aracılığıyla adalete erişimi keşfetmek, bu temel hak hakkındaki anlayışımızı zenginleştirir. Bu keşif, herkes için adaleti sağlamaya yönelik sayısız yaklaşımın daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesini sağlar.

Keywords

adalete erişim, Müslüman adaleti, insan hakları, batı konsepti, karşılaştırmalı adalet

Access to Justice and Human Rights: A Comparative Study of Islamic Jurisprudence and Secular Legal Systems

Abstract

This study examines the conceptual frameworks of access to justice within Islamic and Western legal traditions. It provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of access to justice discourse in both systems, aiming to develop a robust analytical framework for conceptualizing access to justice from an Islamic Law perspective. The central objective is to delineate the correlation between Islamic notions of access to justice and their Western counterparts, highlighting the distinctive features of the Islamic approach and areas of commonality with Western legal traditions. This study explores the complex relationship between access to justice and human rights from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. Also, it contends that although Islam is not the only factor in achieving human rights in Muslim states, it is a crucial element that can be effectively utilized to enhance the poor human rights conditions in these countries. The comparative approach is employed for two primary reasons. First, this study focuses on Muslim-majority countries where understanding Islamic legal traditions is essential to comprehend the social and cultural context within which access to justice operates. Second, from a broader comparative perspective, exploring access to justice through diverse cultural traditions and religious legal systems, including Islam, enriches our understanding of this fundamental right. This exploration allows for a more nuanced appreciation of the myriad approaches to ensuring justice for all.

Keywords

access to justice, Muslim justice, human rights, Western concepts, comparative justice

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