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Trace element concentrations in animal feed samples from Thrace region, Turkey

Year 2011, Volume: 70 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 03.06.2011

Abstract

In the current work, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations were measured in the feed samples of the dairy cattle by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For this purpose a total of 47 common vetch, hay, concentrate feed and wheat samples were collected from the villages of Thrace region. The average concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn were found as 1.15 ± 0.19, 3.22 ± 0.64, 4.51 ± 1.60, 3.46 ± 0.94, 90.6 ± 13.5, 7.1 ± 0.4, 9.2 ± 3.9, 42.2 ± 9.2 mg kg-1, respectively, in dry matter. The highest concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn were found in the concentrate feed samples while the highest concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb have been found in the hay samples. Factor analysis was performed in order to distinguish sources of measured elements. High positive correlation coefficients were observed among Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb amounts of the feed. Average Cd concentrations of common vetch, hay and wheat samples were found higher than limit value recommended by dairy food organization.

References

  • Adriano D.C. (1986) Trace Elements in the Terrestrial Environment. Springer-Verlag New York Inc., USA.
  • Alberti-Fidanza A., Burini G. and Perriolla G. (2002) Trace elements in foods and meals consumed by students attending to faculty cafeteria. Science of the Total Environment, 287: 133-40.
  • Alloway B.J. (1995) Heavy Metals in Soils. Chapman and Hall second edition. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, UK.
  • Baranowska I., Barchanska H. and Pyrsz A. (2005) Distribution of pesticides and heavy metals in tropic chain. Chemosphere, 60: 1590-1599.
  • Blüthgen A.H. (2000) Contamination of milk from feed. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation, 356: 43-47.
  • Caggiano R., Sabia S., D’Emiliob M., Macchiatob M., Anastasioc A., Ragostad M. and Paino S. (2005) Metal levels in feed, milk, dairy products, and tissues sampled in ovine farms of Southern Italy. Environmental Research, 99 (1): 48-57.
  • European Commission (2003a). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on the use of zinc in feedstuffs. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission (2003b). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on the use of copper in feedstuffs. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission (2003c). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on undesirable substances in feed. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Farmer A.A. and Farmer A.M. (2000) Concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc in livestock feed and organs around a metal production centre in eastern Kazakhstan. Science of the Total Environment, 257: 5360.
  • Kan C.A. and Meijer G.A.L. (2007) The risk of contamination of food with toxic substances present in animal feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 133: 84-108.
  • Li Y., McCrory D.F., Powell J.M., Saam H. and Jackson-Smith D. (2005) A survey of selected heavy metal concentrations in Wisconsin dairy feeds. Journal of Dairy Science, 88: 2911–22.
  • McDonald P., Edwards R.A. and Greenhalgh J.F.D. (1981) Animal Nutrition, 3rd ed. Longman, New York, USA.
  • Nicholson F.A., Chambers B.J., Williams J.R. and Unwin R.J. (1999) Heavy metal contents of livestock feeds and animal manures in England and Wales. Bioresource Technology, 70: 23-31.
  • NRC (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th revised edition National Academy Press Washington DC, USA.
  • Pacyna E.G., Pacyna J.M. and Pirrone N. (2001) European emissions of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic sources in 1995. Atmospheric Environment, 35 (17): 2987-96.
  • Tewett S.C. and Naidu A.S. (2000) Assessment of heavy metal pollution in red king crabs following offshore placer gold mining. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 4: 478-90.
  • Voutsinas L., Pappas C. and Kutsiari M. (1990) The composition of Alpine goats milk during lactation in Greece. Dairy Research, 57: 41-51.
  • Vreman K., Van Der Veen N.G., Van Der Molen E.J. and De Ruig W.G. (1986) Transfer of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic from feed into milk and various tissues: chemical and pathological data. Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science, 34 (2): 129-44.
  • Weiss J. (1996) Trace elements in dairy cattle feeding. Milchpraxis, 34 (2): 101-03.

Türkiye’nin Trakya bölgesinde hayvan yemlerindeki eser element konsantrasyonları

Year 2011, Volume: 70 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 03.06.2011

Abstract

Bu çalışmada süthane ineği yemlerindeki Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb ve Zn konsantrasyonları atomik absorpsiyon spektrofotometresi ile ölçülmüştür. Bu amaçla toplam 47 adet fiğ, saman, suni yem ve buğday örneği Trakya bölgesinin bazı köylerinden toplanmıştır. Ortalama Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb ve Zn konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 1.15 ± 0.19, 3.22 ± 0.64, 4.51 ± 1.60, 3.46 ± 0.94, 90.6 ± 13.5, 7.1 ± 0.4, 9.2 ± 3.9, 42.2 ± 9.2 mg kg-1 kuru ağırlık olarak bulunmuştur. En yüksek Cu, Fe, Zn konsantrasyonları suni yemde bulunurken, en yüksek Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb konsantrasyonları saman örneklerinde bulunmuştur. Ölçülen elementlerin kaynaklarını ayırt etmek için faktör analiz uygulanmıştır. Yemlerdeki Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb miktarları arasında yüksek pozitif korelasyon katsayıları gözlenmiştir. Fiğ, saman ve buğdaydaki ortalama Cd konsantrasyonları süthane gıda organizasyonu tarafından tavsiye edilen limit değerlerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur

References

  • Adriano D.C. (1986) Trace Elements in the Terrestrial Environment. Springer-Verlag New York Inc., USA.
  • Alberti-Fidanza A., Burini G. and Perriolla G. (2002) Trace elements in foods and meals consumed by students attending to faculty cafeteria. Science of the Total Environment, 287: 133-40.
  • Alloway B.J. (1995) Heavy Metals in Soils. Chapman and Hall second edition. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, UK.
  • Baranowska I., Barchanska H. and Pyrsz A. (2005) Distribution of pesticides and heavy metals in tropic chain. Chemosphere, 60: 1590-1599.
  • Blüthgen A.H. (2000) Contamination of milk from feed. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation, 356: 43-47.
  • Caggiano R., Sabia S., D’Emiliob M., Macchiatob M., Anastasioc A., Ragostad M. and Paino S. (2005) Metal levels in feed, milk, dairy products, and tissues sampled in ovine farms of Southern Italy. Environmental Research, 99 (1): 48-57.
  • European Commission (2003a). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on the use of zinc in feedstuffs. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission (2003b). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on the use of copper in feedstuffs. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission (2003c). Opinion of the scientific committee on animal nutrition on undesirable substances in feed. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Farmer A.A. and Farmer A.M. (2000) Concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc in livestock feed and organs around a metal production centre in eastern Kazakhstan. Science of the Total Environment, 257: 5360.
  • Kan C.A. and Meijer G.A.L. (2007) The risk of contamination of food with toxic substances present in animal feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 133: 84-108.
  • Li Y., McCrory D.F., Powell J.M., Saam H. and Jackson-Smith D. (2005) A survey of selected heavy metal concentrations in Wisconsin dairy feeds. Journal of Dairy Science, 88: 2911–22.
  • McDonald P., Edwards R.A. and Greenhalgh J.F.D. (1981) Animal Nutrition, 3rd ed. Longman, New York, USA.
  • Nicholson F.A., Chambers B.J., Williams J.R. and Unwin R.J. (1999) Heavy metal contents of livestock feeds and animal manures in England and Wales. Bioresource Technology, 70: 23-31.
  • NRC (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th revised edition National Academy Press Washington DC, USA.
  • Pacyna E.G., Pacyna J.M. and Pirrone N. (2001) European emissions of atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic sources in 1995. Atmospheric Environment, 35 (17): 2987-96.
  • Tewett S.C. and Naidu A.S. (2000) Assessment of heavy metal pollution in red king crabs following offshore placer gold mining. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 4: 478-90.
  • Voutsinas L., Pappas C. and Kutsiari M. (1990) The composition of Alpine goats milk during lactation in Greece. Dairy Research, 57: 41-51.
  • Vreman K., Van Der Veen N.G., Van Der Molen E.J. and De Ruig W.G. (1986) Transfer of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic from feed into milk and various tissues: chemical and pathological data. Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science, 34 (2): 129-44.
  • Weiss J. (1996) Trace elements in dairy cattle feeding. Milchpraxis, 34 (2): 101-03.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Murat Belivermiş

Önder Kılıç This is me

Tulay Engizek This is me

Saim Ergenç This is me

Akın Çayır This is me

Publication Date June 3, 2011
Submission Date June 3, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 70 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Belivermiş M, Kılıç Ö, Engizek T, Ergenç S, Çayır A. Trace element concentrations in animal feed samples from Thrace region, Turkey. Eur J Biol. June 2011;70(1):1-10.