Research Article
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The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories”

Year 2025, Issue: 71, 258 - 273, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2025-1647352

Abstract

This study examines the representation of refugees in Türkiye’s visual migration management. It conducts a content analysis of 44 photographs and a social semiotic analysis of three selected photographs from the e-catalog “One Picture a Thousand Stories” published on the official website of the Presidency of Migration Management. This digital catalog comprises 44 photographs submitted to a photography competition organized by the Presidency of Migration Management in 2021, which were subsequently selected for publication based on their thematic relevance and visual representation of migration-related narratives. The initial review of the photos focuses on analyzing the depiction of refugees with particular attention to their representation and interactions with various social actors, including local communities and state representatives such as law enforcement and government officials. This study examines the role of visual narratives in Türkiye’s migration governance and how migration-related imagery contributes to state-led discourse on refugee management. Considering the significant impact of visual communication on shaping public perceptions of political issues, government institutions have increasingly incorporated photographs on their websites and social media platforms to convey strategic messages. Additionally, this study examines the broader role of photography in migration management with a particular focus on its influence in shaping public perceptions of the “acceptable” migrant within the context of state policies and social integration.

References

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  • Adler-Nissen, R., Andersen, K. E., & Hansen, L. (2020). Images, emotions, and international politics: The death of Alan Kurdi. Review of International Studies, 46(1), 75–95. doi:10.1017/S0260210519000317 google scholar
  • Aiello, G. (2020). Inventorizing, situating, transforming: Social semiotics and data visualization. In M. Engebretsen & H. Kennedy (Eds.) Data visualization in society (pp. 49–62). Amsterdam University Press. google scholar
  • Allan, S. (2019). Recovering the real for news photography. Journalism, 20(1), 126–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918806731 google scholar
  • Amores, J.J., Calderón, C.A., & Stanek, M. (2019). Visual frames of migrants and refugees in the main Western European media. Economics and Sociology, 12(3), 147-161. doi:10.14254/2071-789X.2019/12-3/10 google scholar
  • Banks, J. (2012). Unmasking deviance: The visual construction of asylum seekers and refugees. Critical Criminology, 20(3), 293–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-011-9144-x google scholar
  • Bell, P. (2001). Content analysis of visual images. In T. van Leeuwen & C. Jewitt (Eds.), The handbook of visual analysis (pp. 10-34). Sage. Berger, J. (1980). Understanding a photograph. In A. Trachtenberg (Ed.), Classic essays on photography (pp. 291-294). Leete's Island Books. Bleiker, R., Campbell, D., Hutchinson, E., & Nicholson, X. (2013). The visual dehumanisation of refugees. Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(4), 398–416. https://doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2013.840769 google scholar
  • Blinder, S. & Allen, W. L. (2016). Constructing immigrants: Portrayals of migrant groups in British national newspapers, 2010-2012. The International Migration Review, 50(1), 3–40. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43948599 google scholar
  • Brader, T., Valentino, N. A., & Suhay, E. (2008). What triggers public opposition to immigration? Anxiety, group cues, and immigration threat. American Journal of Political Science, 52(4), 959–978. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2008.00353.x google scholar
  • Carmel, E., Lenner, K., & Paul, R. (2021) The governance and politics of migration: a conceptual-analytical map. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, and R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp.1-23). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • Caple, H. & Knox, J. S. (2012). Online news galleries, photojournalism and the photo essay. Visual Communication, 11(2), 207-236. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1470357211434032 google scholar
  • Caple, H. & Knox, J. S. (2015). A framework for the multimodal analysis of online news galleries: What makes a “good” picture gallery? Social Semiotics, 25(3), 292–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2014.1002174 google scholar
  • Chouliaraki L. & Stolic T. (2017). Rethinking media responsibility in the refugee ‘crisis’: a visual typology of European news. Media, Culture & Society, 39(8), 1162–1177. doi: 10.1177/0163443717726163 google scholar
  • de Laat, S. (2018). Pictures of migration: The invisible shock of misery photographs. Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, 7(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms.7.1.15_1 google scholar
  • Dellas, M. (2020). Strangers in a Strange Land: Visualizing Syrian Refugees in US, Canadian, and Lebanese Newspapers (Honors Thesis, SUNY). State University of New York. Retrieved from https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/1340 google scholar
  • Dunaway, J., Branton, R. P., & Abrajano, M. A. (2010). Agenda setting, public opinion, and the issue of immigration reform. Social Science Quarterly, 91(2), 359–378. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42956406 google scholar
  • Foucault, M. (1982). The subject and power. Critical Inquiry, 8(4), 777–795. https://doi.org/10.1086/448181 google scholar
  • Greenwood, K. & Thomson, T. (2020). Framing the migration: A study of news photographs showing people fleeing war and persecution. International Communication Gazette, 82(2), 140-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048519833515 google scholar
  • Harrison, C. (2003). Visual social semiotics: Understanding how still images make meaning. Technical Communication, 50(1), 46–60. google scholar
  • Kress, G. & Pachler, N. (2007) Thinking about the ‘m’ in m-learning. In N. Pachler (Ed.), Mobile learning: toward a research agenda. Occasional papers in work-based learning 1. WLE google scholar
  • Center for Excellence. Retrieved from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1569055/1/mobilelearning_pachler_2007.pdf google scholar
  • Kress, G. & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images: The grammar of visual design. Routledge. google scholar
  • Massari, A. (2021). The (In)Visibility of Migrants. In A. Massari (Ed.), Visual Securitization: Humanitarian Representations and Migration Governance (pp. 121–141). Springer. google scholar
  • Massari, A. (2023). The role of images in migration governance: A proposed new theoretical framework and methodological approach. Working Paper No. 2023/06. Retrieved from https://www.torontomu.ca/content/dam/centre-for-immigration-and-settlement/tmcis/publications/workingpapers/2023-06-wp-massari.pdf google scholar
  • Mayblin, L. (2021). Postcolonial perspectives on migration governance. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, & R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp. 25-35). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • Natter, K. (2021). Beyond the dichotomy of liberal and illiberal migration governance. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, & R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp. 110-122). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • PMM (2022). One Picture a Thousand Stories. Migration Pictures Competition. Retrieved from https://yarisma.goc.gov.tr google scholar
  • Poljak, Z. (2018). Policy image in urban governance: Migration crisis and the city of Zagreb. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration, 22(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.58235/sjpa.v22i1.11470 google scholar
  • Šarić, L. (2022). The visualization of the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015–2016. In C. J. Urry & L. Vis (Eds.), Representing 21st-Century Migration in Europe: Discourses, Visuals and Politics (pp. 107–122). Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Scott, A. (2024). Visions of migration: News images and the production of knowledge on the U.S. southern border. Journalism and Communication Monographs, 26(3), 176-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/15226379241261809 google scholar
  • Wilmott, A. C. (2017). The politics of photography: Visual depictions of Syrian refugees in U.K. Online Media. Visual Communication Quarterly, 24(2), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15551393.2017.1307113. google scholar
  • Williams, M. (2003). Words, images, enemies: Securitization and international politics. International Studies Quarterly, 47(4), 511–531. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0020-8833.2003.00277.x google scholar
  • Zhang, X. & Hellmueller, L. (2017). Visual framing of the European refugee crisis in Der Spiegel and CNN International: Global journalism in news photographs. International Communication Gazette, 79(5), 483-510. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048516688134 google scholar
Year 2025, Issue: 71, 258 - 273, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2025-1647352

Abstract

References

  • Adami, E., & Kress, G. (2010). The social semiotics of convergent mobile devices: new forms of composition and the transformation of habitus. In G. Kress (Ed.), Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication (pp. 184-197). Routledge. google scholar
  • Adler-Nissen, R., Andersen, K. E., & Hansen, L. (2020). Images, emotions, and international politics: The death of Alan Kurdi. Review of International Studies, 46(1), 75–95. doi:10.1017/S0260210519000317 google scholar
  • Aiello, G. (2020). Inventorizing, situating, transforming: Social semiotics and data visualization. In M. Engebretsen & H. Kennedy (Eds.) Data visualization in society (pp. 49–62). Amsterdam University Press. google scholar
  • Allan, S. (2019). Recovering the real for news photography. Journalism, 20(1), 126–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918806731 google scholar
  • Amores, J.J., Calderón, C.A., & Stanek, M. (2019). Visual frames of migrants and refugees in the main Western European media. Economics and Sociology, 12(3), 147-161. doi:10.14254/2071-789X.2019/12-3/10 google scholar
  • Banks, J. (2012). Unmasking deviance: The visual construction of asylum seekers and refugees. Critical Criminology, 20(3), 293–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-011-9144-x google scholar
  • Bell, P. (2001). Content analysis of visual images. In T. van Leeuwen & C. Jewitt (Eds.), The handbook of visual analysis (pp. 10-34). Sage. Berger, J. (1980). Understanding a photograph. In A. Trachtenberg (Ed.), Classic essays on photography (pp. 291-294). Leete's Island Books. Bleiker, R., Campbell, D., Hutchinson, E., & Nicholson, X. (2013). The visual dehumanisation of refugees. Australian Journal of Political Science, 48(4), 398–416. https://doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2013.840769 google scholar
  • Blinder, S. & Allen, W. L. (2016). Constructing immigrants: Portrayals of migrant groups in British national newspapers, 2010-2012. The International Migration Review, 50(1), 3–40. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43948599 google scholar
  • Brader, T., Valentino, N. A., & Suhay, E. (2008). What triggers public opposition to immigration? Anxiety, group cues, and immigration threat. American Journal of Political Science, 52(4), 959–978. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2008.00353.x google scholar
  • Carmel, E., Lenner, K., & Paul, R. (2021) The governance and politics of migration: a conceptual-analytical map. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, and R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp.1-23). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • Caple, H. & Knox, J. S. (2012). Online news galleries, photojournalism and the photo essay. Visual Communication, 11(2), 207-236. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1470357211434032 google scholar
  • Caple, H. & Knox, J. S. (2015). A framework for the multimodal analysis of online news galleries: What makes a “good” picture gallery? Social Semiotics, 25(3), 292–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2014.1002174 google scholar
  • Chouliaraki L. & Stolic T. (2017). Rethinking media responsibility in the refugee ‘crisis’: a visual typology of European news. Media, Culture & Society, 39(8), 1162–1177. doi: 10.1177/0163443717726163 google scholar
  • de Laat, S. (2018). Pictures of migration: The invisible shock of misery photographs. Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, 7(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.1386/ajms.7.1.15_1 google scholar
  • Dellas, M. (2020). Strangers in a Strange Land: Visualizing Syrian Refugees in US, Canadian, and Lebanese Newspapers (Honors Thesis, SUNY). State University of New York. Retrieved from https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/1340 google scholar
  • Dunaway, J., Branton, R. P., & Abrajano, M. A. (2010). Agenda setting, public opinion, and the issue of immigration reform. Social Science Quarterly, 91(2), 359–378. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42956406 google scholar
  • Foucault, M. (1982). The subject and power. Critical Inquiry, 8(4), 777–795. https://doi.org/10.1086/448181 google scholar
  • Greenwood, K. & Thomson, T. (2020). Framing the migration: A study of news photographs showing people fleeing war and persecution. International Communication Gazette, 82(2), 140-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048519833515 google scholar
  • Harrison, C. (2003). Visual social semiotics: Understanding how still images make meaning. Technical Communication, 50(1), 46–60. google scholar
  • Kress, G. & Pachler, N. (2007) Thinking about the ‘m’ in m-learning. In N. Pachler (Ed.), Mobile learning: toward a research agenda. Occasional papers in work-based learning 1. WLE google scholar
  • Center for Excellence. Retrieved from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1569055/1/mobilelearning_pachler_2007.pdf google scholar
  • Kress, G. & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images: The grammar of visual design. Routledge. google scholar
  • Massari, A. (2021). The (In)Visibility of Migrants. In A. Massari (Ed.), Visual Securitization: Humanitarian Representations and Migration Governance (pp. 121–141). Springer. google scholar
  • Massari, A. (2023). The role of images in migration governance: A proposed new theoretical framework and methodological approach. Working Paper No. 2023/06. Retrieved from https://www.torontomu.ca/content/dam/centre-for-immigration-and-settlement/tmcis/publications/workingpapers/2023-06-wp-massari.pdf google scholar
  • Mayblin, L. (2021). Postcolonial perspectives on migration governance. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, & R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp. 25-35). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • Natter, K. (2021). Beyond the dichotomy of liberal and illiberal migration governance. In E. Carmel, K. Lenner, & R. Paul (Eds.) Handbook on the Governance and Politics of Migration, (pp. 110-122). Elgar Online. google scholar
  • PMM (2022). One Picture a Thousand Stories. Migration Pictures Competition. Retrieved from https://yarisma.goc.gov.tr google scholar
  • Poljak, Z. (2018). Policy image in urban governance: Migration crisis and the city of Zagreb. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration, 22(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.58235/sjpa.v22i1.11470 google scholar
  • Šarić, L. (2022). The visualization of the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015–2016. In C. J. Urry & L. Vis (Eds.), Representing 21st-Century Migration in Europe: Discourses, Visuals and Politics (pp. 107–122). Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Scott, A. (2024). Visions of migration: News images and the production of knowledge on the U.S. southern border. Journalism and Communication Monographs, 26(3), 176-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/15226379241261809 google scholar
  • Wilmott, A. C. (2017). The politics of photography: Visual depictions of Syrian refugees in U.K. Online Media. Visual Communication Quarterly, 24(2), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15551393.2017.1307113. google scholar
  • Williams, M. (2003). Words, images, enemies: Securitization and international politics. International Studies Quarterly, 47(4), 511–531. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0020-8833.2003.00277.x google scholar
  • Zhang, X. & Hellmueller, L. (2017). Visual framing of the European refugee crisis in Der Spiegel and CNN International: Global journalism in news photographs. International Communication Gazette, 79(5), 483-510. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048516688134 google scholar
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Çiğdem Manap 0000-0003-0045-8284

Publication Date June 27, 2025
Submission Date February 26, 2025
Acceptance Date May 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 71

Cite

APA Manap, Ç. (2025). The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society(71), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2025-1647352
AMA Manap Ç.The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories.” Journal of Economy Culture and Society. June 2025;(71):258-273. doi:10.26650/JECS2025-1647352
Chicago Manap, Çiğdem. “The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: ‘One Picture a Thousand Stories’”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 71 (June 2025): 258-73. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2025-1647352.
EndNote Manap Ç (June 1, 2025) The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society 71 258–273.
IEEE Ç. Manap, “The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: ‘One Picture a Thousand Stories’”, Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 71, pp. 258–273, June 2025, doi: 10.26650/JECS2025-1647352.
ISNAD Manap, Çiğdem. “The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: ‘One Picture a Thousand Stories’”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society 71 (June 2025), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2025-1647352.
JAMA Manap Ç. The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society. 2025;:258–273.
MLA Manap, Çiğdem. “The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: ‘One Picture a Thousand Stories’”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 71, 2025, pp. 258-73, doi:10.26650/JECS2025-1647352.
Vancouver Manap Ç. The Role of Digital Images in Migration Management: “One Picture a Thousand Stories”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society. 2025(71):258-73.