Research Article
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Using an Online Teaching Platform to Improve Corrective Feedback Practices in EFL Writing Lessons

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.1351339

Abstract

Distance education has become a prominent part of the education system around the globe in recent years. The limitations and problems encountered during online lessons have made teachers and administrators overlook the many benefits that distance education can offer. In an attempt to dispel this misconception, this study shows that not only can online lessons match the efficiency of traditional face-to-face lessons, but they can actually become more efficient in teaching writing to EFL students. Sixteen undergraduate students from a state university received online EFL writing lessons for two months using Google Classroom. A questionnaire was created to investigate the benefits of using this online platform in such lessons. The results were interpreted by calculating the average means for each questionnaire section and examining participant answers to open-ended questions. Overall, the participants declared that the use of Google Classroom improved both the quality and quantity of feedback, interaction, and group work in online lessons, resulting in better learning outcomes.

References

  • Ali, M. K., & Maksum, H. (2020). Utilization of E-Learning-Based ICT Learning Using the Google Classroom Application During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 4(4), 373. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v4i4.29181
  • Bitchener, John (2008): Evidence in support of written corrective feedback. In Journal of Second Language Writing 17 (2), pp. 102–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2007.11.004.
  • Bitchener, J. (2012). Written Corrective Feedback for L2 Development: Current Knowledge and Future Research. TESOL Quarterly, 46(4), 855–860. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.62
  • Castelli, F. R., & Sarvary, M. A. (2021). Why students do not turn on their video cameras during online classes and an equitable and inclusive plan to encourage them to do so. Ecology and Evolution, 11(8), 3565–3576. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7123
  • Crane, G. (2016). Leveraging Digital Communications Technology in Higher Education: Exploring URI’s Adoption of Google Apps for Education 2015. Open Access Master's Theses. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.23860/thesis-crane-g.-2016
  • Cummings, L. (2016). Flipping the Online Classroom With Web 2.0. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329490615602250
  • Durak, G., & Çankaya, S. (2020). Undergraduate Students' Views about Emergency Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Online Submission, 5(1), 122-147.
  • Ebadi, S., & Rahimi, M. (2019). Mediating EFL learners’ academic writing skills in online dynamic assessment using Google Docs. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 32(5-6), 527–555. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1527362
  • Ece, Ö., & Bastas, M. (2022). Classroom management problems faced by education administrators in distance education during the pandemic period. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 962559. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.962559
  • Fauzi, A., Wandira, R., Sepri, D., & Hafid, A. (2021). Exploring Students' Acceptance of Google Classroom during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using the Technology Acceptance Model in West Sumatera Universities. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 19(4), 233–240. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1312065
  • Ferris, Dana R. (2004): The “Grammar Correction” Debate in L2 Writing: Where are we, and where do we go from here? (and what do we do in the meantime …?). In Journal of Second Language Writing 13 (1), pp. 49–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2004.04.005.
  • Güven, A. Z. (2023). Facilitating and Complicating Factors in Distance Language Teaching: Instructors’ Views. SAGE Open, 13(1), 215824402311572. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231157283
  • Heggart, K., & Yoo, J. (2018). Getting the Most from Google Classroom: A Pedagogical Framework for Tertiary Educators. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(3), 140–153. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n3.9
  • Hinz, A., Michalski, D., Schwarz, R., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2007). The acquiescence effect in responding to a questionnaire. Psycho-Social Medicine, 4, Doc07. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2736523/
  • Hyland, Ken; Hyland, Fiona (2006): Feedback on second language students' writing. In Lang. Teach. 39 (2), pp. 83–101. DOI: 10.1017/S0261444806003399.
  • Johnson, G. M., & Cooke, A. (2016). Self-regulation of learning and preference for written versus audio-recorded feedback by distance education students. Distance Education, 37(1), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2015.1081737
  • Khadawardi, Hanadi Abdulrahman (2020): The Effect of Implicit Corrective Feedback on English Writing of International Second Language Learners. In ELT 14 (1), p. 123. DOI: 10.5539/elt.v14n1p123.
  • Krstić, S. M., & Radulović, L. M. (2021). Evaluating Distance Education in Servia During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 79(3), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/21.79.467
  • Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017). Descriptive Analysis in Education: A Guide for Researchers. NCEE 2017-4023. National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance.
  • Mahmoud, S. S., & Oraby, K. K. (2015). Let Them Toil to Learn: Implicit Feedback, Self- correction and Performance in EFL Writing. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(8), 1672. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0508.18
  • Mikušková, E. B., & Verešová, M. (2020). Distance Education During Covid-19: The Perspective of Slovak Teachers. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 78(6), 884–906. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/20.78.884
  • OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
  • Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v88i4.6341
  • R Core Team (2022). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/.
  • Rosyada, A., & Sundari, H. (2021). Learning from home environment: Academic writing course for EFL undergraduates through Google Classroom application. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(2), 710–725. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i2.18374
  • Saini, M. K., & Goel, N. (2020). How Smart Are Smart Classrooms? A Review of Smart Classroom Technologies. ACM Computing Surveys, 52(6), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1145/3365757
  • Sharda, P., & Bajpai, M. K. (2021). Online Learning and Teaching using Google Classroom during the COVID 19 Pandemic. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 41(5), 352–357. https://doi.org/10.14429/djlit.41.5.16205
  • Shelvam, H., Jayarajah, K., Kandasamy, S., Xiao, S., Durairaj, Y., Singh, C. K. S., & Maniam, M. (2021). An Investigation on the Learners' Perceptions and Experiences in Engaging with Online Writing Lessons Conducted via Google Classroom. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 12(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.18488/5007.v12i1.4389
  • Subandi, S., Choirudin, C., Mahmudi, M., Nizaruddin, N., Hermanita, H., & Hermanita, H. (2018). Building interactive communication with Google Classroom. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.13), 460-463.
  • Suryani, D., Yunita, W., & Harahap, A. (2021). EFL teachers reasons, problems and solutions of using google classroom in teaching and learning english during covid-19 pandemic in bengkulu. Journal of English Education and Linguistics, 4(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.32663/edu-ling.v4i2.1982
  • Syarifah, E. F. (2021). Students’ Perception Towards the Use of Google Classroom in Writing Subject. Journal of English Language Learning, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31949/jell.v5i2.3457
  • Tas, Y., Eminoglu, S., Atila, G., Yildiz, Y., & Bozkurt, U. (2021). Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Opinions About Distance Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(4), 229–253. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1002868
  • Truscott, John (1996): The Case Against Grammar Correction in L2 Writing Classes. In Language Learning 46 (2), pp. 327–369. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1996.tb01238.x.
  • Truscott, John (2004): Evidence and conjecture on the effects of correction: A response to Chandler. In Journal of Second Language Writing 13 (4), pp. 337–343. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2004.05.002.
  • van Beuningen, Catherine G.; Jong, Nivja H. de; Kuiken, Folkert (2012): Evidence on the Effectiveness of Comprehensive Error Correction in Second Language Writing. In Language Learning 62 (1), pp. 1–41. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2011.00674.x.
  • Vigil-Colet, A., Navarro-González, D., & Morales-Vives, F. (2020). To reverse or to not reverse Likert-type items: That is the question. Psicothema, 32(1), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.286
  • Wallace, S., Schuler, M. S., Kaulback, M., Hunt, K., & Baker, M. (2021). Nursing student experiences of remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing Forum, 56(3), 612–618. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12568
  • Warman, L. A. D. (2021). The Effect of Google Classroom in Blended Learning on University Students’ English Ability. J-SHMIC : Journal of English for Academic, 8(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.25299/jshmic.2021.vol8(1).6216
  • Wickham, H. (2016). Data Analysis. In ggplot2 (pp. 189–201). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4_9
  • Woodrich, M., & Fan, Y. (2017). Google Docs as a Tool for Collaborative Writing in the Middle School Classroom. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 16, 391–410. https://doi.org/10.28945/3870
  • Yim, S., Wang, D., Olson, J., Vu, V., & Warschauer, M. (2017, February). Synchronous collaborative writing in the classroom: undergraduates' collaboration practices and their impact on writing style, quality, and quantity. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (pp. 468-479).
  • Zeynep, T. (2020). Nursing Students' Anxiety Levels and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Archives of Nursing and Health Care, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5823/1510150
  • Zhang, Y. (2018). Exploring EFL Learners’ Self-Efficacy in Academic Writing Based on Process-Genre Approach. English Language Teaching, 11(6), 115. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n6p115
Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.1351339

Abstract

References

  • Ali, M. K., & Maksum, H. (2020). Utilization of E-Learning-Based ICT Learning Using the Google Classroom Application During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 4(4), 373. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v4i4.29181
  • Bitchener, John (2008): Evidence in support of written corrective feedback. In Journal of Second Language Writing 17 (2), pp. 102–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2007.11.004.
  • Bitchener, J. (2012). Written Corrective Feedback for L2 Development: Current Knowledge and Future Research. TESOL Quarterly, 46(4), 855–860. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.62
  • Castelli, F. R., & Sarvary, M. A. (2021). Why students do not turn on their video cameras during online classes and an equitable and inclusive plan to encourage them to do so. Ecology and Evolution, 11(8), 3565–3576. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7123
  • Crane, G. (2016). Leveraging Digital Communications Technology in Higher Education: Exploring URI’s Adoption of Google Apps for Education 2015. Open Access Master's Theses. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.23860/thesis-crane-g.-2016
  • Cummings, L. (2016). Flipping the Online Classroom With Web 2.0. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329490615602250
  • Durak, G., & Çankaya, S. (2020). Undergraduate Students' Views about Emergency Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Online Submission, 5(1), 122-147.
  • Ebadi, S., & Rahimi, M. (2019). Mediating EFL learners’ academic writing skills in online dynamic assessment using Google Docs. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 32(5-6), 527–555. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1527362
  • Ece, Ö., & Bastas, M. (2022). Classroom management problems faced by education administrators in distance education during the pandemic period. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 962559. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.962559
  • Fauzi, A., Wandira, R., Sepri, D., & Hafid, A. (2021). Exploring Students' Acceptance of Google Classroom during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using the Technology Acceptance Model in West Sumatera Universities. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 19(4), 233–240. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1312065
  • Ferris, Dana R. (2004): The “Grammar Correction” Debate in L2 Writing: Where are we, and where do we go from here? (and what do we do in the meantime …?). In Journal of Second Language Writing 13 (1), pp. 49–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2004.04.005.
  • Güven, A. Z. (2023). Facilitating and Complicating Factors in Distance Language Teaching: Instructors’ Views. SAGE Open, 13(1), 215824402311572. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231157283
  • Heggart, K., & Yoo, J. (2018). Getting the Most from Google Classroom: A Pedagogical Framework for Tertiary Educators. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(3), 140–153. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n3.9
  • Hinz, A., Michalski, D., Schwarz, R., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2007). The acquiescence effect in responding to a questionnaire. Psycho-Social Medicine, 4, Doc07. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2736523/
  • Hyland, Ken; Hyland, Fiona (2006): Feedback on second language students' writing. In Lang. Teach. 39 (2), pp. 83–101. DOI: 10.1017/S0261444806003399.
  • Johnson, G. M., & Cooke, A. (2016). Self-regulation of learning and preference for written versus audio-recorded feedback by distance education students. Distance Education, 37(1), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2015.1081737
  • Khadawardi, Hanadi Abdulrahman (2020): The Effect of Implicit Corrective Feedback on English Writing of International Second Language Learners. In ELT 14 (1), p. 123. DOI: 10.5539/elt.v14n1p123.
  • Krstić, S. M., & Radulović, L. M. (2021). Evaluating Distance Education in Servia During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 79(3), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/21.79.467
  • Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017). Descriptive Analysis in Education: A Guide for Researchers. NCEE 2017-4023. National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance.
  • Mahmoud, S. S., & Oraby, K. K. (2015). Let Them Toil to Learn: Implicit Feedback, Self- correction and Performance in EFL Writing. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(8), 1672. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0508.18
  • Mikušková, E. B., & Verešová, M. (2020). Distance Education During Covid-19: The Perspective of Slovak Teachers. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 78(6), 884–906. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/20.78.884
  • OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
  • Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v88i4.6341
  • R Core Team (2022). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/.
  • Rosyada, A., & Sundari, H. (2021). Learning from home environment: Academic writing course for EFL undergraduates through Google Classroom application. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(2), 710–725. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i2.18374
  • Saini, M. K., & Goel, N. (2020). How Smart Are Smart Classrooms? A Review of Smart Classroom Technologies. ACM Computing Surveys, 52(6), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1145/3365757
  • Sharda, P., & Bajpai, M. K. (2021). Online Learning and Teaching using Google Classroom during the COVID 19 Pandemic. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 41(5), 352–357. https://doi.org/10.14429/djlit.41.5.16205
  • Shelvam, H., Jayarajah, K., Kandasamy, S., Xiao, S., Durairaj, Y., Singh, C. K. S., & Maniam, M. (2021). An Investigation on the Learners' Perceptions and Experiences in Engaging with Online Writing Lessons Conducted via Google Classroom. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 12(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.18488/5007.v12i1.4389
  • Subandi, S., Choirudin, C., Mahmudi, M., Nizaruddin, N., Hermanita, H., & Hermanita, H. (2018). Building interactive communication with Google Classroom. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.13), 460-463.
  • Suryani, D., Yunita, W., & Harahap, A. (2021). EFL teachers reasons, problems and solutions of using google classroom in teaching and learning english during covid-19 pandemic in bengkulu. Journal of English Education and Linguistics, 4(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.32663/edu-ling.v4i2.1982
  • Syarifah, E. F. (2021). Students’ Perception Towards the Use of Google Classroom in Writing Subject. Journal of English Language Learning, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31949/jell.v5i2.3457
  • Tas, Y., Eminoglu, S., Atila, G., Yildiz, Y., & Bozkurt, U. (2021). Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Opinions About Distance Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(4), 229–253. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1002868
  • Truscott, John (1996): The Case Against Grammar Correction in L2 Writing Classes. In Language Learning 46 (2), pp. 327–369. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1996.tb01238.x.
  • Truscott, John (2004): Evidence and conjecture on the effects of correction: A response to Chandler. In Journal of Second Language Writing 13 (4), pp. 337–343. DOI: 10.1016/j.jslw.2004.05.002.
  • van Beuningen, Catherine G.; Jong, Nivja H. de; Kuiken, Folkert (2012): Evidence on the Effectiveness of Comprehensive Error Correction in Second Language Writing. In Language Learning 62 (1), pp. 1–41. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2011.00674.x.
  • Vigil-Colet, A., Navarro-González, D., & Morales-Vives, F. (2020). To reverse or to not reverse Likert-type items: That is the question. Psicothema, 32(1), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.286
  • Wallace, S., Schuler, M. S., Kaulback, M., Hunt, K., & Baker, M. (2021). Nursing student experiences of remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing Forum, 56(3), 612–618. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12568
  • Warman, L. A. D. (2021). The Effect of Google Classroom in Blended Learning on University Students’ English Ability. J-SHMIC : Journal of English for Academic, 8(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.25299/jshmic.2021.vol8(1).6216
  • Wickham, H. (2016). Data Analysis. In ggplot2 (pp. 189–201). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4_9
  • Woodrich, M., & Fan, Y. (2017). Google Docs as a Tool for Collaborative Writing in the Middle School Classroom. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 16, 391–410. https://doi.org/10.28945/3870
  • Yim, S., Wang, D., Olson, J., Vu, V., & Warschauer, M. (2017, February). Synchronous collaborative writing in the classroom: undergraduates' collaboration practices and their impact on writing style, quality, and quantity. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (pp. 468-479).
  • Zeynep, T. (2020). Nursing Students' Anxiety Levels and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Archives of Nursing and Health Care, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5823/1510150
  • Zhang, Y. (2018). Exploring EFL Learners’ Self-Efficacy in Academic Writing Based on Process-Genre Approach. English Language Teaching, 11(6), 115. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n6p115
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects English As A Second Language
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Enis G. Oğuz 0000-0001-5819-4926

Early Pub Date February 1, 2024
Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date August 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Oğuz, E. G. (2024). Using an Online Teaching Platform to Improve Corrective Feedback Practices in EFL Writing Lessons. E-Kafkas Journal of Educational Research, 11(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.1351339

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