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COVID-19 Pandemisinin Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta Madde Bağımlılığı ve Aşırı Dozda Uyuşturucu Nedeniyle Acil Servis Başvurularına Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 743 - 749, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1273596

Abstract

Giriş: Aralık 2019'da Çin'de ortaya çıkan COVID-19 salgınının ardından birçok ülkede viral yayılım görülmeye başlandı. Mart 2020'de pandemi ilanıyla eş zamanlı olarak Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta da ilk vaka görüldü. Bu süre zarfında, acil servis ziyaretleri dünya çapında farklılıklar gösterdi.
Amaç: Bu nedenle, bu çalışma, herhangi bir ilaç ve/veya madde zehirlenmesi nedeniyle pandemi öncesi ve pandemi dönemi acil servis başvuruları arasındaki farklılıkları karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, 1 Aralık 2017-9 Mart 2020 (pandemi öncesi) ve 10 Mart 2020-30 Haziran 2022 (COVID-19 pandemisi) tarihlerini kapsayan dönemde iki özel üniversite hastanesinin elektronik kayıt sistemleri kullanılarak retrospektif analiz yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Demografik veriler toplanmış ve çalışmaya özgü veriler 5 farklı zehirlenme kategorisine ayrılmıştır. Toplanan veriler, pandemi öncesi ve sonrası zaman ölçekleri açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, hastaların demografik verileri arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını, ancak zehirlenme ile ilgili acil servis başvurularının pandemi sırasında pandemi öncesine göre anlamlı derecede düşük olduğunu gösterdi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta daha önce bilimsel verilerden yoksun olan başta madde kullanımı olmak üzere birçok toplumsal soruna katkı sağlanmasında öncü olacaktır.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Accessed July 25, 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19
  • 2. KKTC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar Üst Komitesi COVID-19 Haftalık Sağlık Raporu; 2022.
  • 3. Pines JM, et al. How emergency department visits for substance use disorders have evolved during the early COVID-19 pandemic. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021;129. doi:10.1016/J.JSAT.2021.108391
  • 4. Hall GT, et al. Opioid-related Emergency Department Visits During COVID-19 in a Large Health System. J Addict Med 2021;15(4):345-348. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000850
  • 5. Garcia GGP, et al. Opioid overdose decedent characteristics during COVID-19. Ann Med 2022;54(1):1081-1088. doi:10.1080/07853890.2022.2067350
  • 6. Liang ST, Liang LT, Rosen JM. COVID-19: A comparison to the 1918 influenza and how we can defeat it. Postgrad Med J 2021;97(1147):273-274. doi:10.1136/POSTGRADMEDJ-2020-139070
  • 7. Çok İ, İyigündoğdu İ, Yildirim M. COVID-19 and the role of e-cigarette use: An evidence-based review. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2021;25(6). doi:10.29228/jrp.72
  • 8. Hartnett KP, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits — United States, January 1, 2019–May 30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2020;69(23):699. doi:10.15585/MMWR.MM6923E1
  • 9. KKTC Bakanlar Kurulu. COVID- 19 tedbirlerine dair alinan kısmi sokağa çıkma yasağında uygulanacak kurallara ilişkin genelge. 23 Mart 2020.
  • 10. Tan ST, et al. Changes in poisoning during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. Am J Emerg Med 2022;56:291-293. doi:10.1016/J.AJEM.2021.07.027
  • 11. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Impact of COVID-19 on patterns of drug use and drugrelated harms in Europe. EMCDDA trendspotter briefing. Published online 2020.
  • 12. WHO. Advice for the public. Published 2020. Accessed August 15, 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
  • 13. CDC. How to Protect Yourself and Others | CDC. 2022. Accessed August 15, 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html
  • 14. Lim DJ. Intoxication by hand sanitizer due to delirium after infectious spondylitis surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020;77:76-79. doi:10.1016/J.IJSCR.2020.10.086
  • 15. Pourmand A, et al. Hand Sanitizer Intoxication in the Emergency Department. Cureus 2021;13(9). doi:10.7759/CUREUS.17906
  • 16. Hanna S, Zwi K, Tzioumi D. Morbidity in the COVID‐19 era: Ethanol intoxication secondary to hand sanitiser ingestion. J Paediatr Child Health 2021;57(5):741. doi:10.1111/JPC.15017
  • 17. Mahdavi SA, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and methanol poisoning outbreak in Iranian children and adolescents: A data linkage study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021;45(9):1853-1863. doi:10.1111/ACER.14680
  • 18. Mahdavi SA, et al. A cross-sectional multicenter linkage study of hospital admissions and mortality due to methanol poisoning in Iranian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2022;12(1). doi:10.1038/S41598-022-14007-1
  • 19. Milella MS, et al. How COVID-19 lockdown in Italy has affected type of calls and management of toxic exposures: a retrospective analysis of a Poison Control Center Database from March 2020 to May 2020. Journal of Medical Toxicology 2021;17(3):250. doi:10.1007/S13181-021-00839-2
  • 20. le Roux G, et al. Poisoning during the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown: retrospective analysis of exposures reported to French poison control centres. Clin Toxicol 2021;59(9):832-839. doi:10.1080/15563650.2021.1874402
  • 21. Sánchez-Sánchez E, et al. Consumption of over-the-counter drugs: Prevalence and type of drugs. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18(11). doi:10.3390/IJERPH18115530
  • 22. Sahar AH, et al. Children’s poisoning profile during the Covid-19 pandemic – experience of Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, Morocco. E3S Web of Conferences 2021;319:01077. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202131901077

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 743 - 749, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1273596

Abstract

Introduction: Following the COVID-19 outbreak in China in December 2019, viral spread started to be seen in many countries. In March 2020, simultaneous with the pandemic declaration, the first case was observed in Northern Cyprus. During this time, the emergency department visit patterns showed differences worldwide.
Aim: Thus, this study aims to compare and contrast the differences between pre-pandemic and pandemic period emergency department visits resulting from any kind of drug and/or substance intoxication. To do so, a retrospective analysis was held using two private university hospitals’ electronic recording systems for the periods of 1st December 2017-9th March 2020 (before the pandemic) and 10th March 2020-30th June 2022 (during the COVID-19 pandemic).
Results: The demographic data were collected, and the study-specific data were grouped into 5 different intoxication categories. Data collected were compared in terms of pre- and post-pandemic timescales. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the demographic data of patients however, intoxication-related emergency department visits were significantly lower during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
Conclusion: This study will be a pioneer in contributing to many social problems, especially substance abuse, which was previously lacking in scientific data in Northern Cyprus.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Accessed July 25, 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19
  • 2. KKTC Sağlık Bakanlığı. Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar Üst Komitesi COVID-19 Haftalık Sağlık Raporu; 2022.
  • 3. Pines JM, et al. How emergency department visits for substance use disorders have evolved during the early COVID-19 pandemic. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021;129. doi:10.1016/J.JSAT.2021.108391
  • 4. Hall GT, et al. Opioid-related Emergency Department Visits During COVID-19 in a Large Health System. J Addict Med 2021;15(4):345-348. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000850
  • 5. Garcia GGP, et al. Opioid overdose decedent characteristics during COVID-19. Ann Med 2022;54(1):1081-1088. doi:10.1080/07853890.2022.2067350
  • 6. Liang ST, Liang LT, Rosen JM. COVID-19: A comparison to the 1918 influenza and how we can defeat it. Postgrad Med J 2021;97(1147):273-274. doi:10.1136/POSTGRADMEDJ-2020-139070
  • 7. Çok İ, İyigündoğdu İ, Yildirim M. COVID-19 and the role of e-cigarette use: An evidence-based review. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2021;25(6). doi:10.29228/jrp.72
  • 8. Hartnett KP, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits — United States, January 1, 2019–May 30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2020;69(23):699. doi:10.15585/MMWR.MM6923E1
  • 9. KKTC Bakanlar Kurulu. COVID- 19 tedbirlerine dair alinan kısmi sokağa çıkma yasağında uygulanacak kurallara ilişkin genelge. 23 Mart 2020.
  • 10. Tan ST, et al. Changes in poisoning during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. Am J Emerg Med 2022;56:291-293. doi:10.1016/J.AJEM.2021.07.027
  • 11. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Impact of COVID-19 on patterns of drug use and drugrelated harms in Europe. EMCDDA trendspotter briefing. Published online 2020.
  • 12. WHO. Advice for the public. Published 2020. Accessed August 15, 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
  • 13. CDC. How to Protect Yourself and Others | CDC. 2022. Accessed August 15, 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html
  • 14. Lim DJ. Intoxication by hand sanitizer due to delirium after infectious spondylitis surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020;77:76-79. doi:10.1016/J.IJSCR.2020.10.086
  • 15. Pourmand A, et al. Hand Sanitizer Intoxication in the Emergency Department. Cureus 2021;13(9). doi:10.7759/CUREUS.17906
  • 16. Hanna S, Zwi K, Tzioumi D. Morbidity in the COVID‐19 era: Ethanol intoxication secondary to hand sanitiser ingestion. J Paediatr Child Health 2021;57(5):741. doi:10.1111/JPC.15017
  • 17. Mahdavi SA, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and methanol poisoning outbreak in Iranian children and adolescents: A data linkage study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021;45(9):1853-1863. doi:10.1111/ACER.14680
  • 18. Mahdavi SA, et al. A cross-sectional multicenter linkage study of hospital admissions and mortality due to methanol poisoning in Iranian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2022;12(1). doi:10.1038/S41598-022-14007-1
  • 19. Milella MS, et al. How COVID-19 lockdown in Italy has affected type of calls and management of toxic exposures: a retrospective analysis of a Poison Control Center Database from March 2020 to May 2020. Journal of Medical Toxicology 2021;17(3):250. doi:10.1007/S13181-021-00839-2
  • 20. le Roux G, et al. Poisoning during the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown: retrospective analysis of exposures reported to French poison control centres. Clin Toxicol 2021;59(9):832-839. doi:10.1080/15563650.2021.1874402
  • 21. Sánchez-Sánchez E, et al. Consumption of over-the-counter drugs: Prevalence and type of drugs. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18(11). doi:10.3390/IJERPH18115530
  • 22. Sahar AH, et al. Children’s poisoning profile during the Covid-19 pandemic – experience of Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, Morocco. E3S Web of Conferences 2021;319:01077. doi:10.1051/E3SCONF/202131901077
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Koray Kadam 0000-0001-6720-2502

Kumsal Kocadal 0000-0002-6156-4139

İlker Etikan 0000-0001-9171-8269

İsmet Çok 0000-0003-3128-677X

Şahan Saygı 0000-0002-8712-8706

Early Pub Date September 28, 2023
Publication Date September 28, 2023
Submission Date March 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kadam, K., Kocadal, K., Etikan, İ., Çok, İ., et al. (2023). The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, 13(3), 743-749. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1273596
AMA Kadam K, Kocadal K, Etikan İ, Çok İ, Saygı Ş. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. September 2023;13(3):743-749. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1273596
Chicago Kadam, Koray, Kumsal Kocadal, İlker Etikan, İsmet Çok, and Şahan Saygı. “The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13, no. 3 (September 2023): 743-49. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1273596.
EndNote Kadam K, Kocadal K, Etikan İ, Çok İ, Saygı Ş (September 1, 2023) The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13 3 743–749.
IEEE K. Kadam, K. Kocadal, İ. Etikan, İ. Çok, and Ş. Saygı, “The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus”, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 743–749, 2023, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1273596.
ISNAD Kadam, Koray et al. “The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13/3 (September 2023), 743-749. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1273596.
JAMA Kadam K, Kocadal K, Etikan İ, Çok İ, Saygı Ş. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13:743–749.
MLA Kadam, Koray et al. “The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, 2023, pp. 743-9, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1273596.
Vancouver Kadam K, Kocadal K, Etikan İ, Çok İ, Saygı Ş. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits for Substance Addiction and Drug Overdose in North Cyprus. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13(3):743-9.

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