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ADÖLESAN SPRİNTERLERDE AKUATİK KUVVET VE GÜÇ ANTRENMANININ SÜRAT PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 333 - 352, 27.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1208060

Abstract

Bu araştırma, adölesan erkek ve kadın sprinterlerde 6 haftalık akuatik kuvvet programının (AKP) sprint sürat performansına (SSP) ve kuvvet performansına (KP) etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Mersin ili Tarsus ilçesinde yaşayan, 7’si erkek ve 6’sı kadın adölesan sprinterler oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplanmasında, vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu elektronik baskül ve stadiyometreyle, kuvvet ölçümleri izokinetik dinamometre cihazıyla ve SSP fotosel kronometre ile ölçülmüştür. Erkek ve kadın sporcuların farklılıklarını belirlemek için bağımsız t-testi ve AKP’nin etkisinin de belirlenmesi için erkek ve kadın grubuna eşleştirilmiş t-testi analizleri uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, antrenman etki seviyesini belirlemek için Cohen’s d analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları AKP sonunda, SSP’da erkek ve kadınlarda düşük ve KP gelişiminde erkeklerde büyük, orta ve düşük seviyelerde antrenman etkisi ve kadınlarda düşük ve orta seviyede antrenman etkisi gözlenmiştir. Yüz metre sürat koşusunun son 40 metre ortalama sürat ve 100 metre ortalama sürat testlerindeki gelişim oranları sırasıyla; erkekler için % 2,32 ve % 1,2 ve kadınlar için % 3,63 ve % 2,15’dir. Neticede, kadınların SSP ve erkeklerin KP'da daha büyük AKP etkisi gözlenmiştir. SSP’daki farklılıklar cinsel dimorfizm ve kadınlardan % 9,38 oranında yaşlı olan erkeklerin olgunlaşma döneminin hızlı gelişim evresini tamamlaması buna karşın hızlı gelişim dönemlerinde olan kadınların daha büyük gelişim sergilemesinin nedeni olabilir. Türkiye’de tüm adölesan sprinterlerin olgunlaşma döneminde hızlı gelişim evreleri yıl aralıkları ile belirlenerek bu dönemlere uygun AKP geliştirilmesi için antrenörlere bilgi verilmelidir.

Supporting Institution

Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Birimi

Project Number

2022-1-TP2-4632

Thanks

Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Birimine teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Bishop, D. C., Smith, R. J., Smith, M. F., & Rigby, H. E. (2009). Effects of plyometric training on swimming block start performance in adolescents. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Association, 23(7), 2137-2143.
  • Bukowski, R, Smith, G.C.S., Malone, F.D., Ball, R.H., Nyberg, D.A., Comstock, C.H., Hankins, G.D.V, Berkowitz, R.L., Gross, S.J., Dugoff, L., Craigo, S.D., Timor-Tritsch, I.E., Carr S.R., Wolf, H.M., Alton, M.E. (2007). Human sexual size dimorphism in early pregnancy. American journal of epidemiology, 165, 1216-1218.
  • Kirchengast, S. (2010). Gender differences in body composition from childhood to old age: an evolutionary point of view. Journal of Life Sciences, 2(1).
  • Kumar, V.K., Regima S.E., Vikranth, G.R. (2015). Effectiveness of land based endurance training versus aquatic based endurance training on improving endurance in normal individuals. Int J. Physiother. 2(3):466-471.
  • Korkmaz, S. (2017). Farklı Ortamlarda Uygulanan Tabata Yüksek Şiddetli İnterval Antrenmanın Aerobik ve Anaerobik Performansa Etkisi. Doktora Tezi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Spor Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı, Antalya.
  • Lamb, D.R. (1984). Physiology of Exercise, 2nd ed. New York: MacMillan.
  • Loomba-Albrecht, L.A., Styne, D.M. (2009). Effect of puberty on body composition. In Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, 16:(1),10–15.
  • López, J.A.H., Martínez, P.Y.O., Meza, E.I.A., Jiménez, J.M., Bertruy, O.G., Dantas, E.H.M. (2017). Hydrogymnastics training program on physical fitness in elderly women. Rev Int Med Cienc Act Fís Deporte. 17(66):283-298
  • Martel, G. F., Harmer, M. L., Loagn, J. M., & Parker, C. B. (2005). Aquatic plyometric training increases vertical jump in female volleyball players. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise. 37(10), 1814-1819.
  • Martinez, P.Y.O., López, J.A.H., Hernández, A.P., Dantas, E.H.M. (2015). Effect of periodized water exercise training program on functional autonomy in elderly women. Nutr Hosp. 2015;31(1):635-641.
  • Miller, M. G., Berry, D. C., Bullard, S., & Gilders, R. (2002). Comparison of land-based and aquatic-based plyometric programs during an 8-week training period. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 11, 268-283.
  • Miller, M. G., Cheatham, C. C., Porter, A. R., Ricard, M. D., Hennigar, D., & Berry, D. C. (2007). Chest-and waist-deep aquatic plyometric training and average force, power, and vertical- jump performance. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1, 145-155.
  • Neiva, H.P., Faíl L.B., Izquierdo, M., Marques, M.C., Marinho, D.A. (2018). The effect of 12 weeks of water-aerobics on health status and physical fitness: an ecological approach. PLoS One. 13(5):e0198319.
  • Onay, D. (2017). 8-12 yaş gurubu yüzücülere karada ve suda uygulanan kuvvet antrenmanlarının bazı teknik ve motorik özelliklere etkisinin incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimi.
  • Pappas, B.M. B. (2008). Fantastic water workouts, Human Kinetics, 2.edt., pp:1-13, Champaign IL.
  • Poyhonen, T., Sipila, S,, Keskinen, K.L,, Hautala, A., Savolainen, J., Malkia, E. (2002). Effects of aquatic resistance training on neuromuscular performance in healthy women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 34(12):2103-2109.
  • Raffaelli, C, Milanese, C., Lanza, M, Zamparo, P. (2016). Water-based training enhances both physical capacities and body composition in healthy young adult women. Sport Sci Health. 12(2):195-207.
  • Robinson, L.E., Devor, S.T., Merrick, M.A., Buckworth, J. (2004). The effects of land vs. aquatic plyometrics on power, torque, velocity, and muscle soreness in women. J Strength Cond Res. 18(1):84-91.
  • Sevimli, D., Kozanoglu, E., Guzel, R., & Doganay, A. (2015). The effects of aquatic, isometric strength-stretching and aerobic exercise on physical and psychological parameters of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(6), 1781-1786.
  • Tønnessen, E., Svendsen, I.S., Olsen, I.C., Guttormsen, A., Haugen, T. (2015). Performance development in adolescent track and field athletes according to age, sex and sport discipline. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0129014.
  • Triplett, N. T., Colado, J. C., Benavent, J., Alakhdar, Y., Madera, J., Gonzalez, M., & Tella, V. (2009). Concentric and impact forces of single-leg jumps in aquatic environmental versus on land. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise, 41(9), 1790-1796.
  • Tsourlou, T., Benik, A., Dipla, K., Zafeiridis, A., Kellis, S. (2006). The effects of a twenty-four-week aquatic training program on muscular strength performance in healthy elderly women. J Strength Cond Res. 20(4):811-818.
  • Wells, J. C. K. (2007). Sexual dimorphism of body composition. In Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 21(3), 415–430.

THE EFFECT OF AQUATIC STRENGTH TRAINING ON ACCELERATION AND SPEED PERFORMANCE IN ADOLESCENT SPRINTERS

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 333 - 352, 27.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1208060

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effects of 6 weeks aquatic strength training (ASP) on sprint speed performance (SSP) and strength performance (SP) of knee and shoulder in 7 male and 6 females were adolescent sprinters living in Tarsus district in Mersin city. Measurements were taken by a scale and stadiometer for body weight and height, by a dynamometer for SP, and by photocell chronometer for SSP, respectively. Independent t-test was used for two group comparison, and paired t-test analyzes were performed to determine the effect of ASP for intragroup comparison. Also Cohen’s d analyzes were used to determine effect size of ASP. This study showed a low training effect on SSP in both genders at the end of the ASP, while a large, moderato and low level training effect in male and a low and moderate training effect in females was observes in SP development. The improvement rates of average sprint in the last 40 meters of 100 m and 100 meters average sprint tests of 100 meters sprint are 2.32% and 1.2% for male and 3.63% and 2.15% for females, respectively. In conclusion, a greater effect of ASP was observed in SSP of females and SP of males depending on sexual dimorphism and the fact that older males who are 9.38% older than females complete the rapid developmental phase of the maturation period, in contrast females in rapid developmental period exhibit greater development. During the maturation period of all adolescent sprinters in Turkey, the rapid developmental stages should be determined at year intervals and the coaches should be informed in order to develop ASP suitable for these periods.

Project Number

2022-1-TP2-4632

References

  • Bishop, D. C., Smith, R. J., Smith, M. F., & Rigby, H. E. (2009). Effects of plyometric training on swimming block start performance in adolescents. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Association, 23(7), 2137-2143.
  • Bukowski, R, Smith, G.C.S., Malone, F.D., Ball, R.H., Nyberg, D.A., Comstock, C.H., Hankins, G.D.V, Berkowitz, R.L., Gross, S.J., Dugoff, L., Craigo, S.D., Timor-Tritsch, I.E., Carr S.R., Wolf, H.M., Alton, M.E. (2007). Human sexual size dimorphism in early pregnancy. American journal of epidemiology, 165, 1216-1218.
  • Kirchengast, S. (2010). Gender differences in body composition from childhood to old age: an evolutionary point of view. Journal of Life Sciences, 2(1).
  • Kumar, V.K., Regima S.E., Vikranth, G.R. (2015). Effectiveness of land based endurance training versus aquatic based endurance training on improving endurance in normal individuals. Int J. Physiother. 2(3):466-471.
  • Korkmaz, S. (2017). Farklı Ortamlarda Uygulanan Tabata Yüksek Şiddetli İnterval Antrenmanın Aerobik ve Anaerobik Performansa Etkisi. Doktora Tezi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Spor Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı, Antalya.
  • Lamb, D.R. (1984). Physiology of Exercise, 2nd ed. New York: MacMillan.
  • Loomba-Albrecht, L.A., Styne, D.M. (2009). Effect of puberty on body composition. In Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, 16:(1),10–15.
  • López, J.A.H., Martínez, P.Y.O., Meza, E.I.A., Jiménez, J.M., Bertruy, O.G., Dantas, E.H.M. (2017). Hydrogymnastics training program on physical fitness in elderly women. Rev Int Med Cienc Act Fís Deporte. 17(66):283-298
  • Martel, G. F., Harmer, M. L., Loagn, J. M., & Parker, C. B. (2005). Aquatic plyometric training increases vertical jump in female volleyball players. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise. 37(10), 1814-1819.
  • Martinez, P.Y.O., López, J.A.H., Hernández, A.P., Dantas, E.H.M. (2015). Effect of periodized water exercise training program on functional autonomy in elderly women. Nutr Hosp. 2015;31(1):635-641.
  • Miller, M. G., Berry, D. C., Bullard, S., & Gilders, R. (2002). Comparison of land-based and aquatic-based plyometric programs during an 8-week training period. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 11, 268-283.
  • Miller, M. G., Cheatham, C. C., Porter, A. R., Ricard, M. D., Hennigar, D., & Berry, D. C. (2007). Chest-and waist-deep aquatic plyometric training and average force, power, and vertical- jump performance. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1, 145-155.
  • Neiva, H.P., Faíl L.B., Izquierdo, M., Marques, M.C., Marinho, D.A. (2018). The effect of 12 weeks of water-aerobics on health status and physical fitness: an ecological approach. PLoS One. 13(5):e0198319.
  • Onay, D. (2017). 8-12 yaş gurubu yüzücülere karada ve suda uygulanan kuvvet antrenmanlarının bazı teknik ve motorik özelliklere etkisinin incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimi.
  • Pappas, B.M. B. (2008). Fantastic water workouts, Human Kinetics, 2.edt., pp:1-13, Champaign IL.
  • Poyhonen, T., Sipila, S,, Keskinen, K.L,, Hautala, A., Savolainen, J., Malkia, E. (2002). Effects of aquatic resistance training on neuromuscular performance in healthy women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 34(12):2103-2109.
  • Raffaelli, C, Milanese, C., Lanza, M, Zamparo, P. (2016). Water-based training enhances both physical capacities and body composition in healthy young adult women. Sport Sci Health. 12(2):195-207.
  • Robinson, L.E., Devor, S.T., Merrick, M.A., Buckworth, J. (2004). The effects of land vs. aquatic plyometrics on power, torque, velocity, and muscle soreness in women. J Strength Cond Res. 18(1):84-91.
  • Sevimli, D., Kozanoglu, E., Guzel, R., & Doganay, A. (2015). The effects of aquatic, isometric strength-stretching and aerobic exercise on physical and psychological parameters of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(6), 1781-1786.
  • Tønnessen, E., Svendsen, I.S., Olsen, I.C., Guttormsen, A., Haugen, T. (2015). Performance development in adolescent track and field athletes according to age, sex and sport discipline. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0129014.
  • Triplett, N. T., Colado, J. C., Benavent, J., Alakhdar, Y., Madera, J., Gonzalez, M., & Tella, V. (2009). Concentric and impact forces of single-leg jumps in aquatic environmental versus on land. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise, 41(9), 1790-1796.
  • Tsourlou, T., Benik, A., Dipla, K., Zafeiridis, A., Kellis, S. (2006). The effects of a twenty-four-week aquatic training program on muscular strength performance in healthy elderly women. J Strength Cond Res. 20(4):811-818.
  • Wells, J. C. K. (2007). Sexual dimorphism of body composition. In Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 21(3), 415–430.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mustafa Karaduman 0000-0002-5109-5981

Mehmet Zıyagıl 0000-0003-0984-0607

Project Number 2022-1-TP2-4632
Publication Date December 27, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karaduman, M., & Zıyagıl, M. (2022). ADÖLESAN SPRİNTERLERDE AKUATİK KUVVET VE GÜÇ ANTRENMANININ SÜRAT PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ. Spor Ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(3), 333-352. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1208060