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VELİ KATILIMINDA KULLANILMAK ÜZERE EBEVEYN ÖVGÜ TUTUM ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Year 2023, Issue: Özel Sayı, 334 - 346, 27.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1344844

Abstract

Veli katılımı, eğitim kalitesini artıran en önemli etkenlerden bir tanesidir çünkü çocukların okuldaki davranışları, veli tutumlarının bir yansımasıdır. Ebeveynler övgü ile farklı tutumlara sahiptir. Bazı ebeveynler övgü ile ilgili olumlu tutuma sahipken, bazı ebeveynler olumsuz tutuma sahiptir. Okul liderleri bu tutumları keşfederek, etkini veli katılım programları tasarlayabilir. Ancak hem uluslararası hem de ulusal alanyazında ebeveynlerin övgü tutumlarını ölçen güvenilir ve geçerli ölçek bulunmamaktır. Bu nedenle nicel yöntemli betimsel modeldeki bu araştırmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin övgü tutumlarını ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir. 447 kişiden toplanan veri ile Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmış, 9 maddeli, bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek iki faktörden oluşmaktadır. Bu faktörler “motivasyon” ve “kontrol” tutumları olarak adlandırılmıştır. 357 toplanan veri ile yapılan Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile ölçeğin yapıları doğrulanmıştır. Zamandaş geçerliği için Psikolojik Kontrol, Yüksek Beklenti ve Ceza Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Her üç ölçek ile Ebeveyn Övgü Tutum Ölçeği arasında olumlu ilişki bulunmuştur. Bu olumlu ilişi de övgünün olumsuz bir ebeveyn tutumu olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulguda davranışsal ekolden ziyade Özdüzenleme Kuramının tezlerini doğrulamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, Ebeveyn Övgü Tutum Ölçeği, geçerli ve güvenilir ölçme araçları okul liderleri ve öğretmenler tarafından veli katılımında kullanılmak üzere alanyazınına kazandırılmıştır.

References

  • Atli, A., Sad, S. N., & Ozer, N. (2022). A mixed methods approach to developing a scale on parents' practices to reward & punish their children. Research in Pedagogy, 12(2), 339-357.
  • Barber, B. K., & Harmon, E. L. (2002). Violating the self: Parental psychological control of children and adolescents. In Intrusive parenting: How psychological control affects children and adolescents (pp. 15-52). American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/10422-002
  • Barber, B. K., Stolz, H. E., Olsen, J. A., Collins, W. A., & Burchinal, M. (2005). Parental support, psychological control, and behavioral control: Assessing relevance across time, culture, and method. Monographs of the Society for Research In Child Development, i-147.
  • Barber, B. K., Xia, M., Olsen, J. A., McNeely, C. A., & Bose, K. (2012). Feeling disrespected by parents: Refining the measurement and understanding of psychological control. Journal of Adolescence, 35(2), 273-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.10.010
  • Baumrind, D. (1971). Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental psychology, 4(1p2), 1. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/h0030372
  • Cameron, J., & Pierce, W. D. (1994). Reinforcement, reward, and intrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational research, 64(3), 363-423. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543064003363
  • Cameron, J., Banko, K. M., & Pierce, W. D. (2001). Pervasive negative effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation: The myth continues. The Behavior Analyst, 24(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03392017
  • Carpentier, J., & Mageau, G. A. (2016). Predicting sport experience during training: The role of change-oriented feedback in athletes’ motivation, self-confidence and needs satisfaction fluctuations. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 38, 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0210
  • Cheah, C. S., Yu, J., Liu, J., & Coplan, R. J. (2019). Children's cognitive appraisal moderates associations between psychologically controlling parenting and children's depressive symptoms. Journal of Adolescence, 76, 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.08.005
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
  • Deci, E. L., Eghrari, H., Patrick, B. C., & Leone, D. R. (1994). Facilitating internalization: the self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Personality, 62(1), 119–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00797.x
  • Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.627
  • Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., & Koestner, R. (2001). The pervasive negative effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation: response to. Review of Educational Research, 71(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543071001043
  • Eisenberger, R., Pierce, W. D., & Cameron, J. (1999). Effects of reward on intrinsic motivation—Negative, neutral, and positive: Comment on Deci, Koestner, and Ryan (1999). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.677
  • Fabes, R. A., Fultz, J., Eisenberg, N., May-Plumlee, T., & Christopher, F. S. (1989). Effects of rewards on children's prosocial motivation: A socialization study. Developmental Psychology, 25(4), 509-515. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.509
  • Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967
  • Guttman, L. (1954). Some necessary conditions for common-factor analysis. Psychometrika, 19(2), 149-161. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289162
  • Güzelyurt, T., Fidan, T., Tümas, Ç., & Uruğ, Ş. (2019). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin ödül ve ceza kullanımına ilişkin görüşleri. Temel Eğitim, 1(4), 21-28.
  • Hattori, M., Zhang G., & Preacher, K. J. (2017). Multiple local solutions and geomin rotation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 52(6), 720-731. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2017.1361312
  • Henderson, C. E., Dakof, G. A., Schwartz, S. J., & Liddle, H. A. (2006). Family functioning, self-concept, and severity of adolescent externalizing problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15, 719-729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-006-9045-x
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Ishak, Z., Low, S. F., & Lau, P. L. (2012). Parenting style as a moderator for students’ academic achievement. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 21, 487-493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-011-9340-1
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational And Psychological Measurement, 20(1), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000116
  • Karen, R. (1998). Becoming attached: First relationships and how they shape our capacity to love. Oxford University.
  • Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Zax, M., & Sameroff, A. J. (1995). The relations of maternal and social environments to late adolescents. Materialistic and Prosocial Values, 31(6), 907–914. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.907
  • Kiral, E. (2020). Excellent Leadership Theory in Education. Journal of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, 4(1), n1.
  • MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological methods, 1(2), 130-149. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
  • Maccoby, E.E., & Martin, J.A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent–child interaction. In P. Mussen and E.M. Hetherington, editors, Handbook of Child Psychology, volume IV: Socialization, personality, and social development. Wiley.
  • Matsunaga, M. (2010). How to factor-analyze your data right: do's, don'ts, and how-to's. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.854
  • McKinney, C., Milone, M. C., & Renk, K. (2011). Parenting and late adolescent emotional adjustment: Mediating effects of discipline and gender. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 42, 463-481 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-011-0229-2
  • Merlin, C., Okerson, J. R., & Hess, P. (2013). How parenting style influences children: a review of controlling, guiding, and permitting parenting styles on children’s behavior, risk-taking, mental health, and academic achievement. The William & Mary Educational Review, 2(1), 32-43.
  • Nartgün, Ş., & Kaya, A. (2016). Özel okul velilerinin beklentileri doğrultusunda okul imaji oluşturma. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 153-167.
  • Newby, T. J. (1991). Classroom motivation: Strategies of first-year teachers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(2), 195-200. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-0663.83.2.195
  • Parent, J., & Forehand, R. (2017). The multidimensional assessment of parenting scale (MAPS): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Child and family Studies, 26, 2136-2151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0741-5
  • Paulussen-Hoogeboom, M. C., Stams, G. J. J., Hermanns, J. M., Peetsma, T. T., & van den Wittenboer, G. L. (2008). Parenting style as a mediator between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior in early childhood. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 169(3), 209-226. https://doi.org/10.3200/GNTP.169.3.09-226
  • Ratelle, C. F., Larose, S., Guay, F., & Senécal, C. (2005). Perceptions of parental involvement and support as predictors of college students' persistence in a science curriculum. Journal of Family Psychology, 19(2), 286-293. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0893-3200.19.2.286
  • Retanal, F., Johnston, N. B., Di Lonardo Burr, S. M., Storozuk, A., DiStefano, M., & Maloney, E. A. (2021). Controlling-supportive homework help partially explains the relation between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math achievement. Education Sciences, 11(10), 620-636. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100620
  • Rinaldi, C. M., & Howe, N. (2012). Mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles and associations with toddlers’ externalizing, internalizing, and adaptive behaviors. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27(2), 266-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.08.001
  • Romm, K. F., Metzger, A., & Alvis, L. M. (2020). Parental psychological control and adolescent problematic outcomes: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01545-y
  • Ryan, R. M. (1982). Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 450–461. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.450
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford
  • Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2010). A theoretical upgrade of the concept of parental psychological control: Proposing new insights on the basis of self-determination theory. Developmental review, 30(1), 74-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2009.11.001
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Luyten, P., Duriez, B., & Goossens, L. (2005). Maladaptive perfectionistic self-representations: The mediational link between psychological control and adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(2), 487-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.008
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Luyten, P. (2010). Toward a domain‐specific approach to the study of parental psychological control: Distinguishing between dependency‐oriented and achievement‐oriented psychological control. Journal of personality, 78(1), 217-256.
  • Steinberg, L. (1990). Autonomy, conflict, and harmony in the family relationship. In S. S. Feldman, & G. R. Elliot (Eds.), At the threshold: The developing adolescent (pp. 255–276). Harvard University
  • Thomassin, K., Fay Wilson, L., Vaughn-Coaxum, R., Keith Campbell, W., Zeichner, A., & Miller, J. D. (2020). Development and validation of the praise, indulgence, and status parenting scale. Journal of personality assessment, 102(6), 804-816.
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Developing a Scale to Measure Parents’ Praise Beliefs for Parental Involvement

Year 2023, Issue: Özel Sayı, 334 - 346, 27.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1344844

Abstract

Parental involvement is one of the most significant factors that enhance the quality of education because parental attitudes determine children's behaviors in the classroom, and children's behaviors in the classroom directly affect the quality of learning. Parents have different attitudes towards praise. While some parents have a positive attitude towards praise, some have a negative attitude. School leaders can design effective parental involvement programs by identifying these attitudes. However, there is no reliable and valid scale in the literature that measures parents' attitudes towards praise. Therefore, the purpose of this quantitative research is to develop a valid and reliable scale that measure parents' attitudes towards praise. According to the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis results, a 9-item scale has been developed. The Parental Praise Attitude Scale consists of two factors. These factors are named "motivation" and "negatcontrol" attitudes. The structures of the scales have been validated with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Psychological Control Scale, Punishment Scale and High Expectation Scale were used for concurrent validity. A positive relationship was found between the motivation sub-scale and these three scales. This finding indicates that praises are negative parental attitudes and confirms the theses of Self-Regulation Theory rather than the behavioral approachl. In conclusion, Parental Praise Attitude Scale have been introduced to the literature as valid and reliable measurement tools to be used in parental involvement.

References

  • Atli, A., Sad, S. N., & Ozer, N. (2022). A mixed methods approach to developing a scale on parents' practices to reward & punish their children. Research in Pedagogy, 12(2), 339-357.
  • Barber, B. K., & Harmon, E. L. (2002). Violating the self: Parental psychological control of children and adolescents. In Intrusive parenting: How psychological control affects children and adolescents (pp. 15-52). American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/10422-002
  • Barber, B. K., Stolz, H. E., Olsen, J. A., Collins, W. A., & Burchinal, M. (2005). Parental support, psychological control, and behavioral control: Assessing relevance across time, culture, and method. Monographs of the Society for Research In Child Development, i-147.
  • Barber, B. K., Xia, M., Olsen, J. A., McNeely, C. A., & Bose, K. (2012). Feeling disrespected by parents: Refining the measurement and understanding of psychological control. Journal of Adolescence, 35(2), 273-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.10.010
  • Baumrind, D. (1971). Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental psychology, 4(1p2), 1. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/h0030372
  • Cameron, J., & Pierce, W. D. (1994). Reinforcement, reward, and intrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational research, 64(3), 363-423. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543064003363
  • Cameron, J., Banko, K. M., & Pierce, W. D. (2001). Pervasive negative effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation: The myth continues. The Behavior Analyst, 24(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03392017
  • Carpentier, J., & Mageau, G. A. (2016). Predicting sport experience during training: The role of change-oriented feedback in athletes’ motivation, self-confidence and needs satisfaction fluctuations. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 38, 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0210
  • Cheah, C. S., Yu, J., Liu, J., & Coplan, R. J. (2019). Children's cognitive appraisal moderates associations between psychologically controlling parenting and children's depressive symptoms. Journal of Adolescence, 76, 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.08.005
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
  • Deci, E. L., Eghrari, H., Patrick, B. C., & Leone, D. R. (1994). Facilitating internalization: the self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Personality, 62(1), 119–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00797.x
  • Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.627
  • Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., & Koestner, R. (2001). The pervasive negative effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation: response to. Review of Educational Research, 71(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543071001043
  • Eisenberger, R., Pierce, W. D., & Cameron, J. (1999). Effects of reward on intrinsic motivation—Negative, neutral, and positive: Comment on Deci, Koestner, and Ryan (1999). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.677
  • Fabes, R. A., Fultz, J., Eisenberg, N., May-Plumlee, T., & Christopher, F. S. (1989). Effects of rewards on children's prosocial motivation: A socialization study. Developmental Psychology, 25(4), 509-515. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.509
  • Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967
  • Guttman, L. (1954). Some necessary conditions for common-factor analysis. Psychometrika, 19(2), 149-161. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289162
  • Güzelyurt, T., Fidan, T., Tümas, Ç., & Uruğ, Ş. (2019). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin ödül ve ceza kullanımına ilişkin görüşleri. Temel Eğitim, 1(4), 21-28.
  • Hattori, M., Zhang G., & Preacher, K. J. (2017). Multiple local solutions and geomin rotation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 52(6), 720-731. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2017.1361312
  • Henderson, C. E., Dakof, G. A., Schwartz, S. J., & Liddle, H. A. (2006). Family functioning, self-concept, and severity of adolescent externalizing problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15, 719-729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-006-9045-x
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Ishak, Z., Low, S. F., & Lau, P. L. (2012). Parenting style as a moderator for students’ academic achievement. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 21, 487-493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-011-9340-1
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational And Psychological Measurement, 20(1), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000116
  • Karen, R. (1998). Becoming attached: First relationships and how they shape our capacity to love. Oxford University.
  • Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Zax, M., & Sameroff, A. J. (1995). The relations of maternal and social environments to late adolescents. Materialistic and Prosocial Values, 31(6), 907–914. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.907
  • Kiral, E. (2020). Excellent Leadership Theory in Education. Journal of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, 4(1), n1.
  • MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological methods, 1(2), 130-149. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
  • Maccoby, E.E., & Martin, J.A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent–child interaction. In P. Mussen and E.M. Hetherington, editors, Handbook of Child Psychology, volume IV: Socialization, personality, and social development. Wiley.
  • Matsunaga, M. (2010). How to factor-analyze your data right: do's, don'ts, and how-to's. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.854
  • McKinney, C., Milone, M. C., & Renk, K. (2011). Parenting and late adolescent emotional adjustment: Mediating effects of discipline and gender. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 42, 463-481 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-011-0229-2
  • Merlin, C., Okerson, J. R., & Hess, P. (2013). How parenting style influences children: a review of controlling, guiding, and permitting parenting styles on children’s behavior, risk-taking, mental health, and academic achievement. The William & Mary Educational Review, 2(1), 32-43.
  • Nartgün, Ş., & Kaya, A. (2016). Özel okul velilerinin beklentileri doğrultusunda okul imaji oluşturma. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 153-167.
  • Newby, T. J. (1991). Classroom motivation: Strategies of first-year teachers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(2), 195-200. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-0663.83.2.195
  • Parent, J., & Forehand, R. (2017). The multidimensional assessment of parenting scale (MAPS): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Child and family Studies, 26, 2136-2151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0741-5
  • Paulussen-Hoogeboom, M. C., Stams, G. J. J., Hermanns, J. M., Peetsma, T. T., & van den Wittenboer, G. L. (2008). Parenting style as a mediator between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior in early childhood. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 169(3), 209-226. https://doi.org/10.3200/GNTP.169.3.09-226
  • Ratelle, C. F., Larose, S., Guay, F., & Senécal, C. (2005). Perceptions of parental involvement and support as predictors of college students' persistence in a science curriculum. Journal of Family Psychology, 19(2), 286-293. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0893-3200.19.2.286
  • Retanal, F., Johnston, N. B., Di Lonardo Burr, S. M., Storozuk, A., DiStefano, M., & Maloney, E. A. (2021). Controlling-supportive homework help partially explains the relation between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math achievement. Education Sciences, 11(10), 620-636. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100620
  • Rinaldi, C. M., & Howe, N. (2012). Mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles and associations with toddlers’ externalizing, internalizing, and adaptive behaviors. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27(2), 266-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.08.001
  • Romm, K. F., Metzger, A., & Alvis, L. M. (2020). Parental psychological control and adolescent problematic outcomes: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01545-y
  • Ryan, R. M. (1982). Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 450–461. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.450
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford
  • Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2010). A theoretical upgrade of the concept of parental psychological control: Proposing new insights on the basis of self-determination theory. Developmental review, 30(1), 74-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2009.11.001
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Luyten, P., Duriez, B., & Goossens, L. (2005). Maladaptive perfectionistic self-representations: The mediational link between psychological control and adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(2), 487-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.008
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Luyten, P. (2010). Toward a domain‐specific approach to the study of parental psychological control: Distinguishing between dependency‐oriented and achievement‐oriented psychological control. Journal of personality, 78(1), 217-256.
  • Steinberg, L. (1990). Autonomy, conflict, and harmony in the family relationship. In S. S. Feldman, & G. R. Elliot (Eds.), At the threshold: The developing adolescent (pp. 255–276). Harvard University
  • Thomassin, K., Fay Wilson, L., Vaughn-Coaxum, R., Keith Campbell, W., Zeichner, A., & Miller, J. D. (2020). Development and validation of the praise, indulgence, and status parenting scale. Journal of personality assessment, 102(6), 804-816.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Education Management, Leadership in Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özgür Bolat 0000-0003-4420-1368

Publication Date October 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA Bolat, Ö. (2023). VELİ KATILIMINDA KULLANILMAK ÜZERE EBEVEYN ÖVGÜ TUTUM ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ. EKEV Akademi Dergisi(Özel Sayı), 334-346. https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1344844