Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Environmental Taxes on Environment, Economic Growth and Unemployment in European Union Countries

Year 2024, Volume: 32 Issue: 59, 269 - 295, 31.01.2024

Sema Dirgen Öz Hüseyin Güçlü Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2024.01.12

Abstract

In the study, which aims to examine the effect of environmental taxes on the environment, economic growth and unemployment, the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) method was applied to 24 EU countries for the 1998-2018 period. It has been determined that the current environmental tax policies do not reduce greenhouse gas emissions or positively affect economic growth and unemployment. The study found evidence of the necessity of restructuring environmental taxes according to environmental criteria and disseminating taxes whose primary purpose is to protect the environment, not financial or economic concerns.

Keywords

Environmental Tax, Economic Growth, Unemployment and Panel Augmented Mean Group (AMG)

Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde Çevre Vergilerinin Çevre, Ekonomik Büyüme ve İşsizlik Üzerindeki Etkisinin Ampirik Analizi

Abstract

Amacı çevre vergilerinin çevre, ekonomik büyüme ve işsizlik üzerindeki etkisini incelemek olan çalışmada 1998-2018 dönemi için 24 AB ülkesi üzerinde Panel Güçlendirilmiş Ortalama Grup Etkisi (Augmented Mean Group: AMG) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda literatürde ağırlıklı olarak yer bulan iyimser görüşü desteklemez nitelikte mevcut çevre vergisi politikalarının emisyonları azaltmadığı, ekonomik büyüme ve işsizlik üzerinde “çifte yarar” anlamında bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada, çevre vergilerinden beklenen çevresel etkilere ulaşılabilmesi için çevre vergilerinin daha etkin vergi politikalarıyla çevresel kriterlere göre yeniden yapılandırılması, öncelikli amacı mali ya da ekonomik kaygılar değil çevreyi korumak olan vergilerin yaygınlaştırılmasının gerektiğine yönelik kanıtlar bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Çevre Vergisi, Ekonomik Büyüme, İşsizlik ve Panel Güçlendirilmiş Ortalama Grup Etkisi

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