Tunus'ta Toplanan Thymbra capitata L. ve Mentha pulegium L. Esansiyel Yağlarının Galleria mellonella L. Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 31 - 38, 12.05.2021

Sarra Ncibi Abir Ben Amor Faten Ben Abdelkader

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.888724

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Balmumu güvesi, Tunus'taki arıcılar için çok fazla zarara ve kayba neden olan bal arısı zararlılarından biridir. Balmumu ve balı kirlettikleri bilinmesine rağmen böcek öldürücülerin kullanımı giderek daha fazla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, iki Kuzey Afrika ortak bitkisi Thymbra capitata L. ve Mentha pulegium L.'nin büyük mum güvesi (GWM) G. mellonella üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca büyük balmumu güvesinin gelişme aşamalarının sürelerini de belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, 30 ila 33°C arasında değişen bir sıcaklık altında, yumurtalardan GWM'li yetişkinlere kadar olan toplam sürenin 51 gün sürdüğünü göstermiştir. Fumigant testi, test edilen larva dönemlerinde her iki yağın da toksisitesini göstermiştir. İkinci larva dönemi, 4. evreye göre daha hassastır. Dahası, M. pulegium, 2. larva dönemine karşı, sırasıyla, 48. saatte 41.829 ve 456.276 µl / Lair'de bir LC50 ile T. capitata'dan daha toksik olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgulara göre uçucu yağlar, mum güvelerini kontrol altına almak için böcek ilaçlarına iyi bir alternatif sunmaktadır.

Keywords

alleria mellonella, Thymbra capitata, Mentha pulegium, tütsüleme, gelişme evreleri, LC50.

EFFICACY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF Thymbra capitata L. AND Mentha pulegium L. COLLECTED IN TUNISIA ON LARVAE OF Galleria mellonella L.

Abstract

The wax moth is one of the honeybee pests that cause a lot of damage and loss for the beekeepers in Tunisia. The use of insecticides is more and more used although they are known to contaminate wax and honey. This study aims to test the essential oils of two North African common plants Thymbra capitata L. and Mentha pulegium L. efficacy as alternative method by fumigation on instars of Galleria mellonela L. We also determined the duration of the development stages of the great wax moth (GWM) presented in Tunisia. Results showed that under a temperature ranged between 30 and 33°C, the total duration from eggs to adults of GWM lasted 51 days. The fumigant test showed the toxicity of both oils on larvae instars tested. The second larvae instar was more susceptible than the 4th instar. Moreover, M. pulegium was more toxic against the 2nd larvae instar than T. capitata with an LC50 at 48h of 41.82 and 456.27 µl/L air, respectively. The essential oils present a good alternative to the insecticides to control wax moths.

Keywords

Galleria mellonella, Thymbra capitata, Mentha pulegium, fumigation, development stages, LC50

References

• Almadani A, Hiware, C. 2020. The effect of homeopathic drug and essential oil against greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 54(4)10.18805/IJARe.A-5258.
• Ben El Hadj Ali I, Chaouachi, M, Bahri, R, Chaieb, I, Boussaïd, M, Harzallah-Skhiri, F. 2015. Chemical composition and antioxidant, antibacterial, allelopathic and insecticidal activities of essential oil of Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut. Industrial Crops and Products 77: 631-639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.046.
• Bisht K, Mishra, VK, Yadav, SK, Kumar, R. 2017. Efficacy of some essential oils against the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) under storage condition. Environ. Ecol 35: 2760-2763, 10.13140/RG.2.2.24285.31209.
• Bogdanov S, Kilchenmann, V, Seiler, K, Pfefferli, H, Frey, T, Roux, B, Wenk, P, Noser, J. 2004. Residues of para-dichlorobenzene in honey and beeswax. Journal of Apicultural Research 43(1): 14-16, https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2004.11101102.
• Chaaban SB, Hamdi, SH, Mahjoubi, K, Jemâa, JMB. 2019. Composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Ruta graveolens, Mentha pulegium and Ocimum basilicum against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 126(3): 237-246, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-019-00218-8.
• Charriere JD, Imdorf, A. 1999. Protection of honey combs from wax moth damage. American bee journal 139(8): 627-630.
• Elbehery H, Abd El-Wahab, TE, Dimetry, NZ. 2016. Management of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella with Neem Azal-T/S, in the laboratory and under semi-field conditions. Journal of Apicultural Science 60(2): 69-76, DOI: 10.1515/jas-2016-0018.
• Elbehery H, El-Wahab Tarek Essa, A, Dimetry Nadia, Z. 2016. Management of the Greater Wax Moth Galleria mellonella with Neem Azal- T/S, in the Laboratory and under Semi-Field Conditions, Journal of Apicultural Science, pp. 69.
• Ellis JD, Graham, JR, Mortensen, A. 2013. Standard methods for wax moth research. Journal of Apicultural Research 52(1): 1-17, 10.3896/IBRA.1.52.1.10.
• Ezzine O, Dhahri, S, Akkari, H, Ben-Jamaa, ML. 2018. Larvicidal activity of essential oil of Mentha pulegium on larvae of Orgyia trigotephras Boisduval, 1829 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae). Journal of New Sciences CIRS(20): 3423-3428, DOI: 10.1021/bk-2016-1218.ch002.
• Finney D. 1971. Probit analysis, Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
• Isman MB. 2016. Pesticides based on plant essential oils: Phytochemical and practical considerations, Medicinal and aromatic crops: production, phytochemistry, and utilization, ACS Publications, pp. 13-26.
• Jemâa JMB, Tersim, N, Toudert, KT, Khouja, ML. 2012. Insecticidal activities of essential oils from leaves of Laurus nobilis L. from Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, and comparative chemical composition. Journal of Stored Products Research 48: 97-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2011.10.003.
• Jindra M, Sehnal, F. 1989. Larval growth, food consumption, and utilization of dietary protein and energy in Galleria mellonella. Journal of Insect Physiology 35(9): 719-724, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(89)90091-7.
• Kwadha CA, Ong’amo, GO, Ndegwa, PN, Raina, SK, Fombong, AT. 2017. The biology and control of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella. Insects 8(2): 61.
• Marilleau R. 1978. Fiche technique fausse teigne des nids des bourdons. cahiers de liaison de l’O.P.I.E 29
• Ncibi S, Attia, S, Diop, SMB, Ammar, M, Hance, T. 2020. Bio-insecticidal activity of three essential oils against Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792)(Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). African Entomology 28(2): 339-348, https://doi.org/10.4001/003.028.0339.
• Owayss AA, Abd-Elgayed, AA. 2007. Potential efficacy of certain plant volatile oils and chemicals against greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L.(lepidoptera: pyralidae). Bull. Ent. Soc. Egypt, Econ. Ser 33: 67-75.
• Paddock FB. 1918. The beemoth or waxworm, in: Creative Media Partners L., 2019 (Ed.), pp. 40.
• Paddock FB. 1928. The Control of the Beemoth. Journal of economic entomology 21(3): 489-494, 10.1093/jee/21.3.489.
• Périno S, Chemat-Djenni, Z, Petitcolas, E, Giniès, C, Chemat, F. 2019. Downscaling of Industrial Turbo-Distillation to Laboratory Turbo-Clevenger for Extraction of Essential Oils. Application of Concepts of Green Analytical Chemistry. Molecules 24(15): 2734.
• Pirk CWW, Strauss, U, Yusuf, AA, Démares, F, Human, H. 2016. Honeybee health in Africa—a review. Apidologie 47(3): 276-300, 10.1007/s13592-015-0406-6.
• Ritter W, Akratanakul, P. 2006. Honey bee diseases and pests: a practical guide. FAO.
• Salem N, Bachrouch, O, Sriti, J, Msaada, K, Khammassi, S, Hammami, M, Selmi, S, Boushih, E, Koorani, S, Abderraba, M. 2017. Fumigant and repellent potentials of Ricinus communis and Mentha pulegium essential oils against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. International journal of food properties 20 (sup3): S2899-S2913, https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2017.1382508.
• Shimanuki H. 1981. Controlling the greater wax moth: a pest of honeycombs. rev. Farmers' Bulletin-US Dept. of Agriculture (USA). no. 2217.
• Wallner K. 1992. residues of P-dichlorobenezene in wax and honey. American Bee Journal 132(8): 538-541.
• Warren L, Huddleston, P. 1962. Life history of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L., in Arkansas. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 35(1): 212-216, doi: 10.3390/insects8020061.
• Williams JL. 1997. Insects: Lepidoptera (moths), in: Morse R.A. (Ed.), Honey bee pests, predators, and diseases, pp. 121-141.
• Wink M. 1993. Production and application of phytochemicals from an agricultural perspective, in: Van Beek T.A., Breteler, H. (Ed.), Phytochemistry and agriculture, pp. 171-213.