Alabalık Yavrularında Görülen Hexamitozisin Tanı ve Tedavisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 4 - 8, 30.04.2018

Fikri Balta Zeynep Dengiz Balta

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.357640

Cited By: 6

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 0,5-10 gr’lık gökkuşağı
alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) yavrularında
öldürücü bir hastalık olan hexamita enfestasyonu Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz
bölgesindeki farklı alabalık çiftliklerinde 2006 ve 2012 yılları arasında
araştırılmıştır. Aylık olarak 360 hasta balık muayene edilmiştir. En yoğun ölüm
oranı ilkbahar ve sonbahar aylarında görülmüş ve enfestasyonları yıl boyu devam
etmiştir. Tanı ışık mikroskobunda bağırsaktan alınan dışkı içeriğinde
hexamita’nın gözlemlenmesi ile yapılmıştır. Albendazol,
metronidazole, trichlorfon,
toltrazuril ve magnezyum sülfat gibi farklı
kemoterapotiklerin enfestasyonun tedavisi için gökkuşağı yavrularına
uygulanmıştır. Albendazol ve metronidazole
en etkili tedavi edici olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alabalık, protozoan parazit, tanı, tedavi

Identification and Treatment of Hexamitiasis Observed in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fry

Öz

In
this study, hexamitiasis which is a fatal disease in 0.5-10g of rainbow trout
fry in different fish farms in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey was
investigated between 2006 and 2016. A total of 360 diseased fish was examined monthly. The highest
mortality rate in fish was observed in spring
and autumn
months and
their infestation continued throughout the year.
Diagnosis was made by observation of the hexamita
in feces contents from gut in light microscopy. Different chemotherapeutics
such as albendazol, metronidazole, trichlorfon, toltrazuril and magnesium sulphate were applied on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss) fry for
treatment of infestation. Albendazol and metronidazole were founded as the most effective
treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trout, protozoan parasite, diagnosis, treatment

Kaynakça

• Awakura, T. (1992). Parasites of salmonid fishes in Japan. In: Kimura T (ed) Salmonid diseases (Proceedings of the OJI International Symposium on Salmonid Diseases). Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo, p 259–266.
• Becker, C.D. (1977). Flagellate parasites of fish. In: Kreier JP (ed) Parasitic Protozoa, Vol 1. Academic Press, New York, p 357-416.
• Jørgensen, A. & Sterud, E. (2006). The marine pathogenic genotype of Spironucleus barkhanus from farmed salmonids redescribed as Spironucleus salmonicida n. sp. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 53(6), 531-541
• Kent, M.L., Ellis, J., Fournie, J.W., Dawe, S.C., Bagshaw, J.W. & Whitaker, D.J. (1992). Systemic hexamitid (Protozoa: Diplomonadida) infection in seawater pen-reared Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytsha. Disease of Aquatic Organism, 14, 81–89.
• Lom, J. & Dykova, I. (1992). Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science. Vol. 26 Protozoan parasites of fishes. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 1-315.
• Poppe, T.T., Mo, T.A. & Iversen, L. (1992). Disseminated hexamitosis in sea-caged Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Disease of Aquatic Organism, 14, 91–97.
• Poynton, S.L. & Morrison, C.M. (1990). Morphology of diplomonad flagellates: Spironucleus torosan. sp. from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L., and haddock Melanogrammus aeglefi-nus (L.) and Hexamita salmonis Moore from brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). Journal Protozoology, 37, 369–383.
• Poynton, S.L., Fraser, W., Francis-Floyd, R., Rutledge, P., Reed, P. & Nerad, TA. (1995). Spironucleus vortens n.sp., from freshwater angel fish Pterophyllum scalare: morphology and culture. Journal Eukaryot Microbiology, 42, 731–742.
• Poynton, S.L. & Sterud, E. (2002). Guidelines for species descriptions of diplomonad flagellates from fish. Journal of Fish Disease, 25, 15–31.
• Sterud, E. (1998). In vitrocultivation and temperature-depen-dant growth of two strains of Spironucleus barkhanus (Diplomonadida: Hexamitidae) from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and grayling Thymallus thymallus. Disease of Aquatic Organism, 33, 57–61.
• Sterud, E., Mo, T. A. & Poppe, T. T. 1997. Ultrastructure of Spironucleus barkhanus n. sp. (Diplomonadida: Hexamitidae) from grayling Thymallus thymallus (L.) (Salmonidae) and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. (Salmonidae). The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 44, 399-407.
• Sterud, E., Mo, T.A. & Poppe, T.T. (1998). Systemic spironucleosis in sea-farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, caused by Spironucleus barkhanus transmitted from feral Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus? Disease of Aquatic Organism, 33, 63–66.
• Uldal, A. & Buchmann, K. (1996). Parasite host relations: Hexamita salmonis in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Disease of Aquatic Organism, 25, 229–231.
• Vickerman, K. (1989). Phylum Zoomastigina. Class Diplomonadida. In: Margulis L, Corliss JO, Melkanian M, Chapman D (eds) Handbook of Protoctista. Jones and Barlett, Boston, p 200-210.
• Woo, P.T.K. & Poynton, S.L. (1995). Diplomonadida, Kinetoplastida and Amoebida (phylum Sarcomastigophora). In: Woo PTK (ed) Fish diseases and disorders, Vol 1. Protozoan and metazoan disorders. CAB International, Wallingford, p27–96.