THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATERIALS AND GROWING POSITIONS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF AUBERGINE (Solanum melongena L.)

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 149 - 156, 20.06.2007

Sezgin Uzun Ahmet Balkaya Dilek Kandemir

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different mixtures of organic and inorganic materials and plant growing positions provided by utilising wooden benches with different heights on vegetative growth of aubergine (Solanum melongena, L.) grown in bag culture in unheated plastic greenhouse for late autumn growing season, at The
University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Faculty of Agriculture, in the Black Sea region. The organic and inorganic materials used in
the study were decomposed farmyard manure, hazelnut husk, rice hull, decomposed pine leaves, tobacco waste, sawdust, decomposed bark, sieved garden soil, sand of 2 mm, coal dust and coal ash. Cv. Megal F1 of aubergine was used in the study. Six different mixtures of organic and inorganic materials were blended and used in horizontal growing bag culture. The experiment was carried out at three different heights in the greenhouse, namely 0, 25 and 50 cm from the ground. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), leaf number per plant, dry matter partitioning to leaf, stem and root of the plants (g) were investigated as well as determining plant canopy light interception (%). In general, the best results were obtained from the mixtures named A decomposed farmyard manure, sieved garden soil, hazelnut husk, rice hull, sand of 2 mm, decomposed pine leaves, tobacco waste, coal ash and coal dust as ratios of 2:1:1:1:1/3:1:1/2:1/2:1/4, respectively), F (Decomposed
farmyard manure, sieved garden soil and sand (2 mm), as ratios of 1:1:1, respectively) and D (rice hull, sieved garden soil, decomposed bark, decomposed farmyard manure, sand of 2 mm, decomposed pine leaves, tobacco waste, coal dust and coal ash as ratios of 2:1:1:2:1/2:1:1:1/2:1/2, respectively). At any given growing positions, the mixture named B (decomposed pine leaves, decomposed farmyard manure, saw dust, coal dust, decomposed bark, hazelnut husk, tobacco waste and coal ash, as ratios of 2:3:1:1/2:1/2:1:1:1, respectively) gave the lowest values in terms of selected plant growth parameters. There were
also significant differences between growing positions in affecting vegetative growth of aubergine depending on media such as there appeared to be a tendency of obtaining higher values at higher growing positions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aubergine, plant growth, organic and inorganic materials, growing bag culture, growing position

Kaynakça

• Adamson, R.M. and Mass, E.F., 1981. Soilless culture of seedless greenhouse cucumbers and sequence cropping. Agriculture Canada.
• Anonymous, 2002. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı Samsun İl Müdürlüğü Kayıtları (Yayınlanmamış).
• Aydoğan, N. and Gül, A., 1999. Topraksız kavun yetiştiriciliğinde torba özelliklerinin bitki gelişimi ve verime etkileri. Türkiye III. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi. 14-17 Eylül. Ankara. 343-348s.
• Baş, T., 1991. Organik ve İnorganik Orijinli Bazı Maddelerin Yetiştirme Ortamı Olarak Sera Hıyar Üretiminde Kullanılabilme Olanakları. Ege Üniv. Fen Bilim. Enst. Doktora Tezi. 118s.
• Çelikel, G. and Abak, K., 1995. Farklı substratlarda topraksız kültürde yetiştirilen patlıcanda verim, erkencilik ve kalite. Türkiye II. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, Cilt II (Sebze-Bağ-Süs Bitkileri). 126-131.
• DeKoning, A.N.M., 1995. Development and dry matter distribution in glasshouse tomato, a quantitative approach . Thesis, Wageningen.
• Demir, Y., Uzun, S. and Cemek, B., 2001. Sonbahar turfandacılığında ısıtmasız seralarda farklı torba kültürlerinde ortam sıcaklığı ile bitki büyüme, gelişme ve verim ilişkileri. 6. Ulusal Seracılık Sempozyumu. Bildiriler Kitabı. 97-102.
• Grimstad, S.O., 1995. Low temperature pulse affects growth and development of young cucumber and tomato plants. J.Hort.Sci., 70:75-80.
• Gül, A., 1990. Topraksız tarım uygulamaları. Türkiye 5. Seracılık Sempozyumu. İzmir. 411-421.
• Gül, A. and Sevgican, A., 1992. Topraksız ortamların sera hıyar yetiştiriciliğine uygunluğu. Türkiye 1. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi. Cilt:2 (Sebze-Bağ-Süs Bitkileri), Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Bornova, İzmir. 377- 381.
• Gül, A., Sevgican, A. and Kılınç, N.A., 1996. Sera hıyar üretiminde farklı yetiştirme ortamlarının meyve kalitelerine etkileri. GAP 1. Sebze Tarımı Sempozyumu. 393-399.
• Jensen, M.H. and Collins, W.L., 1985. Hydroponic Vegetables Production. Horticultural Reviews, 7, 483- 570.
• Kürklü, A., 1994. Energy management in greenhouses using phase change materials. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Reading University, June, 1994.
• Özkan, C.F., Öztürk, A., Deviren, A.,Çetinkaya, Ş., Cevri, H., Ünlü, A., Keçeci, M., Akkaya, F. and Özçelik, A., 2002. Örtüaltı topraksız kültür domates yetiştiriciliğinde bazı ortamların verim ve besin maddesi alımına etkileri. .IV. Sebze Tarımı Sempoz. Bildiri Kitabı.33-40.
• Seligmen, N.G., 1990. The crop model Record: Promise or Poor Show. In: Rabbinge, J. Goudrian, H. Van Keulen, F.W.T. Penning de Vries and H.H. van Laar (Eds), Theoretical Production Ecology: Reflections and Prospects. Pudoc, Wageningen: 249-263.
• Sheldrake, R. J., 1981. Money bags. American Vegetable Grower. 29(11):42-44.
• Uzun, S., 1996. The quantitative effects of temperature and the light environment on growth, development and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum , Mill.) and aubergine (Solanum melongena, L.). Unpublished PhD Thesis, March, 1996, Reading University, England.
• Uzun, S., Özkaraman, F. and Marangoz, D., 1999. Torba kültüründe kullanılan farklı organik artıkların ilk turfanda olarak ısıtmasız seralarda yetiştirilen bazı sebzelerin büyüme, gelişme ve verimine etkileri. Türkiye III. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi. 14-17 Eylül. Ankara. 445-449.
• Uzun, S., Özkaraman, F. and Marangoz, D., 2000. Torba kültüründe kullanılan farklı organik artıkların son turfanda olarak ısıtmasız seralarda yetiştirilen bazı sebzelerin büyüme, gelişme ve verimine etkisi. O.M.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi.15(3):16-21.
• Yanmaz, R., 2002. The Vegetable Bibliography of
• Turkey. (1923-1999). In Turkish. 391p.