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Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 3 - 24, 01.10.2016

Öz

Avrupa Rekabet Hukuku’nun modernleşmesi ile başka bir deyişle 1/2003 sayılı Tüzüğün yürürlüğe girmesi ile Avrupa Komisyonu’na rekabet soruşturmalarını hem ihlal kararları hem de taahhüt kararları ile sonuçlandırma yetkisi verilmiştir. Bu yetki ile donatılmış Avrupa Komisyonu’nun enerji pazarında vermiş olduğu Rekabet Hukuku kararları incelenecek olursa görülecektir ki rekabet soruşturmalarının büyük bir kısmı taahhüt mekanizması işletilerek sonuçlandırılmıştır. Bu türlü bir gelenek oluşturulmasının yararları olmakla birlikte ortaya çıkabilecek olumsuzluklar da göz ardı edilemez. Taahhüt kararları hiç kuşkusuz zamandan ve maddi kaynaklardan tasarruf zemini oluştururken uygulanan taahhütlerin kapsam ve içerikleri ve ortaya çıkardıkları sonuçlar özellikle yeni rekabete açılan enerji pazarı gibi pazarlarda hukuki şeffafl ığın ortadan kaybolmasına sebep olabilir niteliktedir. Bu nedenle taahhüt mekanizmasının sıklıkla kullanılması ve uygulanan taahhütlerin yapısı ve kapsamı doktrin tarafından hararetle tartışılan konular arasında varlığını sürdürmektedir

Kaynakça

  • ARI, Haluk / AYGÜN, Esin / KEKEVİ, Gökşin, ‘Rekabet Hukukunda Taahhüt ve Uzlaşma’, (http://www.rekabet.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT/1/ Documents/Di%C4%9Fer+Etkinlik/halukari.pdf, erişim: 09.12.2016)
  • CENGİZ, Fırat, ‘Judicial Review and the Rule of the Law in the EU Competition Law Regime after Alrosa’ European Competition Journal, Vol.7, 2011s. 150-175
  • COLOMO, Pablo Ibanez, ‘On the Application of Competition Law as Regulation: Elements for a Theory’ Yearbook of European Law, Vol. 29, 2010, s. 265-283
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien, Market Building through Antitrust: Long-term Contract Regulation in EU Electricity Markets, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Londra, 2013
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien / HANCHER, Leigh, ‘Manufacturing the EU Energy Markets: The Current Dynamics of Regulatory Practice’ EUI Working Papers RSCAS 2010/01, 2010 (http://ideas.repec.org/a/sen/journl/ v11y2010i3p307-335.html, erişim: 16.02.2013), s. 12-25
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien / TALUS, Kim, ‘Capacity to Compete: Recent Trends in Access Regimes in Electricity and Natural Gas Networks’ in B. DELVAUX, M. HUNT K. TALUS, Vertical Natural Gas Transmission Capacity, Upstream Commodity Contracts and EU Competition Law, Wolters Kluwer, 2011, s. 175
  • DUNNE, Niamh, ‘Commitment Decisions in EU Competition Law’, Journal of Competition Law and Economics Vol.6(3) 2014, s. 414
  • ECONOMIDES, Nicholas, ‘Competition Policy in Network Industries: An Introduction’ (2004) NET Institute Working Paper (http://papers.ssrn. com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=386626, erişim: 07.02.2013) s. 04-23
  • GERADIN, Damien / O’DONOGHUE, Robert, ‘The Concurrent Application of Competition Law and Regulation: The Case of Margin Squeeze Abuses in the Telecommunications, Journal of Competition Law & Economics, Vol.1(2), 2005s. 360-388
  • GERADIN, Damien / SIDAK, J. Gregory, ‘European and American Approach to Antitrust Remedies and the Institutional Design of Regulation in Telecommunications’, S. K. Majumdar, I. Vogelsang, and M. E. Cave (eds.) Handbook of Telecommunications Economics, Vol. II (Elsevire B.V. 2005)
  • GLACHANT Jean-Michel / DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien, ‘Long- Term Energy Supply Contracts in European Competition Policy: Fuzzy not Crazy’, EUI Working Papers-Robert Schuman Centre for Advance Studies 2009 (http://www.eprg.group.cam.ac.uk/working-paper-eprg0919/, erişim: 21 Nisan 2011) , p. 2
  • HELLWIG, Martin, ‘Competition Policy and Sector-specifi c Regulation for Network Industries’ (2008) Max Planck for Research on Collective Goods Bonn 2008/29 (http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id=1275285, erişim: 05.02.2013)
  • JACOBS, Francis, ‘Recent Developments in the Principle of Proportionality in European Community Law’ in Evelyn ELLİS (ed.), The Principle of Proportionality in the Laws of Europe Hart Publishing 1999, s. 270
  • JONES, Alison / SUFRİN, Brenda, EU Competition Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014, s. 1081
  • MONTI , Giorgio, ‘Managing the Intersection of Utilities Regulation and EC Competition Law’ The Competition Law Review, Vol.4(2), 2008, s. 130-143
  • LANG, John Temple, ‘Commitment Decisions and Settlements with Antitrust Authorities and Private Parties under European Antitrust Law’ in Barry Hawk (ed.), Fordham Corporate Law Institute: International Antitrust Law & Policy, Juris Publishing, Inc., 2006, s. 265-324
  • LANG, John Temple, ‘Commitment Decisions under Regulation 1/2003: Legal Aspect of a new kind of Competition Decision’ European Commission Law Review, Vol.24, 2003, 347, s. 350
  • SCHWEITZER, Heike, ‘Judicial Review in EU Competition Law’ in I. Lianos and D. Geradin (eds.), Handbook on European Competition Law: Enforcement and Procedure Edward Elgar, 2013, s. 491-516
  • TAPIA, Javier/MANTZARI, Despoina, ‘The Regulation/Competition Interaction’ in D. Geradin and I. Lianos (eds.) Research Handbook on European Competition Law: Substantive Aspects, Edward-Elgar, 2013, s. 588-605
  • TALUS, Kim (eds.), “EU Energy Law and Policy Issues” Vol.3 Intersentia 2011 s. 233
  • Scottish Nuclear, Nuclear Energy Agreement (IV/33.473) Commission Decision 91/329/EEC [1991] OJ L 178/31
  • Jahrhundertvertrag (IV/33.151) and VIK-GVSt (IV/33.997) Commission Decision 93/126/EEC [1992] OJ L 50/14
  • Electricidade de Portugal/Pego (IV/34.598) Commission Decision 93/C 265/03 30 [1993]
  • REN/Turbogas (IV/E-3/35.485) Commission Decision 96/C 118/05 [1996]
  • Isab Energy (IV/E-3/35.698) Commission Decision 96/C 138/03 [1996]
  • Synergen (Case COMP/37732) [2002]
  • GDF/ENEL & GDF/ENI (Case COMP/38662) [2004]
  • DONG/DUC (Case COMP 38187) [2005]
  • Distrigaz (Case COMP/37966) [2007]
  • Wanadoo España vs. Telefónica (Case COMP/38.784) Commission Decision [2007]
  • E.ON-German Electricity Wholesale Market (Case COMP/39388) & E.ON-German Electricity Balancing Market (Case COMP/39389) [2008]
  • GDF Foreclosure (Case COMP/39316) [2009]
  • RWE Gas Foreclosure (Case COMP/39402) [2009]
  • EDF-Long-term Contracts in France (Case COMP/39386) [2010]
  • E.ON Gas Foreclosure (Case COMP/39317) Commission Decision C(2010) 2863 fi nal
  • ENI (Case COMP/39315) [2010]
  • Swedish Interconnectors (Case COMP/39351) [2010]
  • CEZ (Case AT/39727) Commission Decision C(2013) 1997 fi nal [2013]
  • Google (Case Comp/C-3/39740) [2014]
  • Romanian Power Exchange/OPCOM (Case.AT 39984) Commission Decision C (2014) 1342 fi nal BEH Electricity (Case AT.39767) [2015]
  • Case C-441/07 P Alrosa Company Ltd v Commission [2010] ECR I-5949
  • Commission, “DG Competition Report on Enerjy Sector Inquiry”, SEC(2006) 1724, s.4
  • Commission, ‘Antitrust Manual of Procedures: Internal DG Competition working documents on procedures for the application of Article 101 and 102 TFEU’ (Commitment Decision) (2012), Bölüm 16, s. 7
  • Commission, Competition Policy Brief, ‘To Commit or not to Commit: Deciding between Prohibition and Commitments’ (2014) Issue 3
  • Council Regulation 1/2003 on the implementation of the rules of competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty
  • Guidance on the Commission’s enforcement priorities in applying Article 82 of the EC Treaty to abusive exclusionary conduct by dominant undertakings (2009) OJ C45/7

HE ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION’S DECISIONS GIVEN WITHIN THE EUROPEAN ENERGY MARKETS IN THE LIGHT OF BEH DECISION

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 3 - 24, 01.10.2016

Öz

With the modernisation of European Competition Law, the European Commission has been given a discretion to fi nalise competition investigations either with prohibition decisions or commitment decisions. If one looks at the antitrust related decisions of the European Commission given within the European energy markets, it would be seen that most of the decisions are concluded through commitment-based antitrust enforcement. This trend adopted by the European Commission may have advantages such as the effi cient and swift resolution of competition problems. Yet, on the other hand, it may cause some problems namely uncertainty of law. In this regard, it is still important for the doctrine to discuss the frequently application of commitment decisions as well as the effects of them within recently liberalised markets such as energy.

Kaynakça

  • ARI, Haluk / AYGÜN, Esin / KEKEVİ, Gökşin, ‘Rekabet Hukukunda Taahhüt ve Uzlaşma’, (http://www.rekabet.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT/1/ Documents/Di%C4%9Fer+Etkinlik/halukari.pdf, erişim: 09.12.2016)
  • CENGİZ, Fırat, ‘Judicial Review and the Rule of the Law in the EU Competition Law Regime after Alrosa’ European Competition Journal, Vol.7, 2011s. 150-175
  • COLOMO, Pablo Ibanez, ‘On the Application of Competition Law as Regulation: Elements for a Theory’ Yearbook of European Law, Vol. 29, 2010, s. 265-283
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien, Market Building through Antitrust: Long-term Contract Regulation in EU Electricity Markets, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Londra, 2013
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien / HANCHER, Leigh, ‘Manufacturing the EU Energy Markets: The Current Dynamics of Regulatory Practice’ EUI Working Papers RSCAS 2010/01, 2010 (http://ideas.repec.org/a/sen/journl/ v11y2010i3p307-335.html, erişim: 16.02.2013), s. 12-25
  • DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien / TALUS, Kim, ‘Capacity to Compete: Recent Trends in Access Regimes in Electricity and Natural Gas Networks’ in B. DELVAUX, M. HUNT K. TALUS, Vertical Natural Gas Transmission Capacity, Upstream Commodity Contracts and EU Competition Law, Wolters Kluwer, 2011, s. 175
  • DUNNE, Niamh, ‘Commitment Decisions in EU Competition Law’, Journal of Competition Law and Economics Vol.6(3) 2014, s. 414
  • ECONOMIDES, Nicholas, ‘Competition Policy in Network Industries: An Introduction’ (2004) NET Institute Working Paper (http://papers.ssrn. com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=386626, erişim: 07.02.2013) s. 04-23
  • GERADIN, Damien / O’DONOGHUE, Robert, ‘The Concurrent Application of Competition Law and Regulation: The Case of Margin Squeeze Abuses in the Telecommunications, Journal of Competition Law & Economics, Vol.1(2), 2005s. 360-388
  • GERADIN, Damien / SIDAK, J. Gregory, ‘European and American Approach to Antitrust Remedies and the Institutional Design of Regulation in Telecommunications’, S. K. Majumdar, I. Vogelsang, and M. E. Cave (eds.) Handbook of Telecommunications Economics, Vol. II (Elsevire B.V. 2005)
  • GLACHANT Jean-Michel / DE HAUTECLOCQUE, Adrien, ‘Long- Term Energy Supply Contracts in European Competition Policy: Fuzzy not Crazy’, EUI Working Papers-Robert Schuman Centre for Advance Studies 2009 (http://www.eprg.group.cam.ac.uk/working-paper-eprg0919/, erişim: 21 Nisan 2011) , p. 2
  • HELLWIG, Martin, ‘Competition Policy and Sector-specifi c Regulation for Network Industries’ (2008) Max Planck for Research on Collective Goods Bonn 2008/29 (http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id=1275285, erişim: 05.02.2013)
  • JACOBS, Francis, ‘Recent Developments in the Principle of Proportionality in European Community Law’ in Evelyn ELLİS (ed.), The Principle of Proportionality in the Laws of Europe Hart Publishing 1999, s. 270
  • JONES, Alison / SUFRİN, Brenda, EU Competition Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014, s. 1081
  • MONTI , Giorgio, ‘Managing the Intersection of Utilities Regulation and EC Competition Law’ The Competition Law Review, Vol.4(2), 2008, s. 130-143
  • LANG, John Temple, ‘Commitment Decisions and Settlements with Antitrust Authorities and Private Parties under European Antitrust Law’ in Barry Hawk (ed.), Fordham Corporate Law Institute: International Antitrust Law & Policy, Juris Publishing, Inc., 2006, s. 265-324
  • LANG, John Temple, ‘Commitment Decisions under Regulation 1/2003: Legal Aspect of a new kind of Competition Decision’ European Commission Law Review, Vol.24, 2003, 347, s. 350
  • SCHWEITZER, Heike, ‘Judicial Review in EU Competition Law’ in I. Lianos and D. Geradin (eds.), Handbook on European Competition Law: Enforcement and Procedure Edward Elgar, 2013, s. 491-516
  • TAPIA, Javier/MANTZARI, Despoina, ‘The Regulation/Competition Interaction’ in D. Geradin and I. Lianos (eds.) Research Handbook on European Competition Law: Substantive Aspects, Edward-Elgar, 2013, s. 588-605
  • TALUS, Kim (eds.), “EU Energy Law and Policy Issues” Vol.3 Intersentia 2011 s. 233
  • Scottish Nuclear, Nuclear Energy Agreement (IV/33.473) Commission Decision 91/329/EEC [1991] OJ L 178/31
  • Jahrhundertvertrag (IV/33.151) and VIK-GVSt (IV/33.997) Commission Decision 93/126/EEC [1992] OJ L 50/14
  • Electricidade de Portugal/Pego (IV/34.598) Commission Decision 93/C 265/03 30 [1993]
  • REN/Turbogas (IV/E-3/35.485) Commission Decision 96/C 118/05 [1996]
  • Isab Energy (IV/E-3/35.698) Commission Decision 96/C 138/03 [1996]
  • Synergen (Case COMP/37732) [2002]
  • GDF/ENEL & GDF/ENI (Case COMP/38662) [2004]
  • DONG/DUC (Case COMP 38187) [2005]
  • Distrigaz (Case COMP/37966) [2007]
  • Wanadoo España vs. Telefónica (Case COMP/38.784) Commission Decision [2007]
  • E.ON-German Electricity Wholesale Market (Case COMP/39388) & E.ON-German Electricity Balancing Market (Case COMP/39389) [2008]
  • GDF Foreclosure (Case COMP/39316) [2009]
  • RWE Gas Foreclosure (Case COMP/39402) [2009]
  • EDF-Long-term Contracts in France (Case COMP/39386) [2010]
  • E.ON Gas Foreclosure (Case COMP/39317) Commission Decision C(2010) 2863 fi nal
  • ENI (Case COMP/39315) [2010]
  • Swedish Interconnectors (Case COMP/39351) [2010]
  • CEZ (Case AT/39727) Commission Decision C(2013) 1997 fi nal [2013]
  • Google (Case Comp/C-3/39740) [2014]
  • Romanian Power Exchange/OPCOM (Case.AT 39984) Commission Decision C (2014) 1342 fi nal BEH Electricity (Case AT.39767) [2015]
  • Case C-441/07 P Alrosa Company Ltd v Commission [2010] ECR I-5949
  • Commission, “DG Competition Report on Enerjy Sector Inquiry”, SEC(2006) 1724, s.4
  • Commission, ‘Antitrust Manual of Procedures: Internal DG Competition working documents on procedures for the application of Article 101 and 102 TFEU’ (Commitment Decision) (2012), Bölüm 16, s. 7
  • Commission, Competition Policy Brief, ‘To Commit or not to Commit: Deciding between Prohibition and Commitments’ (2014) Issue 3
  • Council Regulation 1/2003 on the implementation of the rules of competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty
  • Guidance on the Commission’s enforcement priorities in applying Article 82 of the EC Treaty to abusive exclusionary conduct by dominant undertakings (2009) OJ C45/7
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Burçak Tatlı

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ekim 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Tatlı, B. (2016). Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(4), 3-24.
AMA Tatlı B. Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. AHBVÜ-HFD. Ekim 2016;20(4):3-24.
Chicago Tatlı, Burçak. “Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20, sy. 4 (Ekim 2016): 3-24.
EndNote Tatlı B (01 Ekim 2016) Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20 4 3–24.
IEEE B. Tatlı, “Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi”, AHBVÜ-HFD, c. 20, sy. 4, ss. 3–24, 2016.
ISNAD Tatlı, Burçak. “Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20/4 (Ekim 2016), 3-24.
JAMA Tatlı B. Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. AHBVÜ-HFD. 2016;20:3–24.
MLA Tatlı, Burçak. “Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 4, 2016, ss. 3-24.
Vancouver Tatlı B. Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu’nun Enerji Pazarında Verdiği Rekabet Hukuku Kararlarının BEH Kararı Işığında Değerlendirilmesi. AHBVÜ-HFD. 2016;20(4):3-24.